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History on the 2nd of January

History
Date Text
02 Jan 1914 WW2 Noor Inayat Khan was born in Moscow, Russia. 
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02 Jan 1931 WW2 HMS Hermes arrived at Hong Kong. 
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02 Jan 1937 WW2 Galeazzo Ciano secured British signatures on the Italo-British Gentlemen's Agreement in which both Italy and the United Kingdom stated respect for each other's spheres of influence. 
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02 Jan 1939 WW2 The British Chief of Naval Staff called for a suitable coastal escort vessel capable of being fitted for minesweeping. 
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02 Jan 1939 WW2 Bruce Fraser was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath. 
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02 Jan 1940 WW2 The Irish government introduced emergency powers to intern IRA members without trial. 
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02 Jan 1940 WW2 Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano sent a secret message to Belgium and the Netherlands, warning them of the German invasion plan. The Germans intercepted this message. 
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02 Jan 1940 WW2 Battle of the Raate Road: At midnight in the very start of this day, after one hour of preparations, Finnish Army Captain Eino Lassila launched an attack on a 500 meter section of Russian artillery on the Raate Road. At 0700, Russian troops attempted a counterattack with tanks, but the Finnish troops were able to bring two Bofors anti-tank guns to the front to halt the counterattack, destroying 7 of the Russian tanks. 
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02 Jan 1941 WW2 German leaders Himmler and Heydrich categorized concentration camps into three categories for different types of prisoners, but in practice this categorization had little actual effect. 
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02 Jan 1941 WW2 German bombing severely damaged the Llandaff Cathedral in Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom. 
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02 Jan 1941 WW2 Before dawn, British artillery pieces moved into position near Bardia, Libya. During the day, British monitor HMS Terror and British gunboats HMS Ladybird and HMS Aphis bombarded Bardia; Italian aircraft responded without success. After sun down, Wellington bombers of No. 70 Squadron RAF and Bombay bombers of No. 216 Squadron RAF attacked Italian positions at Bardia. Troops of the Australian 6th Division began to prepare for the ground assault. 
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02 Jan 1941 WW2 German submarine U-65 sank British ship Nalgora 250 miles west of Port-Étienne, French West Africa at 2207 hours. As the military equipment destined for British troops in Egypt went down with the ship, 105 survivors took to lifeboats and would eventually make land at the Cape Verde Islands or rescue by other ships. This would be U-65's eighth and final sinking during the 49-day-long patrol. 
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02 Jan 1941 WW2 German submarine U-38 was detected by a convoy escort ship 300 miles northwest of Ireland, which attacked with depth charges. U-38 was slightly damaged but was able to continue with the patrol without needing immediate repairs. 
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02 Jan 1941 WW2 In Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom, a rescue party dug for six hours to rescue a six-year-old child trapped under the staircase where he had taken shelter from German bombing. Throughout the rescue the child was heard singing "God Save the King". He later explained that his father, a coal miner, had told him that when men were buried underground they kept singing to guide the rescuers, and this was the only tune that he knew the words. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 At the US Army Air Forces Headquarters Major Jimmy Doolittle began planning an air raid against Japan. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Soviet Army broke through German lines at Rzhev, Russia. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed at Roi, Marshall Islands. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 7,000 Axis troops at Bardia, Libya surrendered to the Allies. Among the prisoners of war was General Artir Schmitt. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 HMS Indomitable departed Cape Town, South Africa with Sea Hurricane aircraft aboard. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kaishek cabled US President Roosevelt asking the President to nominate a trusted American General to act as Chief of Staff in the China Theatre. The Americans responded by suggesting that the functions of Chief of Staff China Theatre should be combined with Commander of the China-Burma-India Theatre and Supervisor of Lend-Lease material. Brigadier-General John Magruder of the American Military Mission to China was not senior enough (and was already disillusioned with the Chinese) and when Lieutenant General Hugh A. Drum turned down the position it was finally offered to Major General Joseph W. Stilwell who reluctantly agreed to go where he was sent. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Japanese and Anglo-Indian troops continued to fight at Kampar Hill in British Malaya and prepared to withdraw southward later in the day. To the south, troops of the Japanese 4th Imperial Guard Regiment sailed down the Perak River to reinforce the Japanese 11th Regiment at Bernam River; Indian 12th Infantry Brigade arrived to reinforce the failing defense at Telok Anson nearby. Far to the south, Japanese aircraft based in Malaya and Borneo attacked Singapore. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 German submarine U-134 sank British ship Waziristan in the Barents Sea at 0648 hours; she was the first Arctic Convoy ships to be sunk. The 47 aboard abandoned ship but were never seen again. Also lost with Waziristan were 3,700 tons of supplies and 410 US-built trucks for the Soviet Union. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 British destroyer HMS Vimiera struck a mine and sank in the Thames estuary in southern England, United Kingdom while escorting a coastal convoy; 96 were killed, 14 survived. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 German submarine U-123 damaged American ship Algonquin in the Atlantic Ocean. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 German submarine U-77 attacked British destroyer HMS Kimberley off Tobruk, Libya at 0238 hours, blowing off the stern and killing 3; destroyer HMS Heythrop would tow HMS Kimberley to Alexandria, Egypt. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 British submarine HMS Unbeaten attacked and sank the already-damaged German submarine U-374 south of Messina, Sicily, Italy at 1030 hours with two torpedoes; 42 were killed, 1 survived. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Repair ship Akashi departed from Palau Islands. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Ernest King ordered Chester Nimitz to plan a raid against Japanese positions in the Gilbert Islands and the Marshall Islands in order to establish an offensive momentum in the Pacific War. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 German submarine U-134 sank British freighter Waziristan of Allied convoy PQ-7A; Waziristan was already damaged by German aircraft at the time of this attack; all 47 aboard were killed. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Walter Stettner von Grabenhofen was awarded the Iron Cross in Gold. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Joseph Rochefort was interviewed by staff members of the Roberts Commission at Honolulu, US Territory of Hawaii regarding the events leading up to the Pearl Harbor attack; he answered more than 100 questions. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Japanese troops captured Manila, the capital of the Philippine Islands. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Naka arrived at Davao, Mindanao, Philippine Islands. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Japanese troops captured Naval Base Cavite in the Philippine Islands. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Japanese troops captured the Clark Field airbase in the Philippine Islands. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 The US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) convicted 33 members of a German intelligence network headed by Fritz Joubert Duquesne in the largest espionage case in US history. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 Submarine Hoe was laid down by the Electric Boat Company of Groton, Connecticut, United States. 
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02 Jan 1942 WW2 The United States Marine Corps Supply Center at Barstow, California, United States was organized as Marine Barracks, Marine Corps Depot of Supplies. 
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02 Jan 1943 WW2 US I Corps recaptured Buna on New Guinea. 
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02 Jan 1943 WW2 Lockwood replaced English as the commanding officer of US Navy submarines in the Pacific. 
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02 Jan 1943 WW2 US Marine Corps and US Army aircraft attacked 10 Japanese destroyer transports west of Rendova, Solomon Islands. 
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02 Jan 1943 WW2 Major General Alexander M. Patch Jr. was designated Commanding General XIV Corps with three divisions under his command. His corps headquarters numbered less than a score of officers and men, almost all of whom are taken from the Americal Division staff. Brigadier General Edmund B. Sebree replaced General Patch as commanding General of the Americal Division. 
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02 Jan 1943 WW2 Ion Antonescu of Romania met with Adolf Hitler to discuss the ensuing disaster in Stalingrad, Russia. 
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02 Jan 1943 WW2 USS Whale completed a period of repair at Pearl Harbor Navy Yard, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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02 Jan 1943 WW2 Destroyer Yuzuki arrived at Sasebo, Japan for a scheduled overhaul. 
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02 Jan 1943 WW2 He 111 aircraft stationed at Morozovskaya Airfield, Rostov Oblast, Russia were evacuated. Since the aircraft could not take all the equipment and supplies with them, commanding officer of KG 55 Oberstleutnant Ernst Kühl remained behind with a small staff in the hopes that the ground troops would be able to blunt the Soviet offensive so that the aircraft could return. 
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02 Jan 1944 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Palau. 
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02 Jan 1944 WW2 Submarine Baya was launched, sponsored by the wife of US Navy Lieutenant Commander C. C. Kirkpatrick. 
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02 Jan 1944 WW2 USS Iowa departed for the Pacific Ocean. 
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02 Jan 1944 WW2 US Marine Corps 7th Regiment engaged a strong Japanese defense at Suicide Creek near Cape Gloucester, New Britain. 
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02 Jan 1944 WW2 20 F6F and 28 F4U fighters from Torokina Airfield in Bougainville conducted a fighter sweep over Rabaul, New Britain; two of these fighters turned back to Torokina due to mechanical problems. 80 A6M fighters rose to defend. The Americans reported 1 kill, 1 probable, and 2 Japanese aircraft damaged. 
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02 Jan 1944 WW2 383 RAF aircraft (362 Lancaster, 9 Halifax, and 12 Mosquito) attacked Berlin, Germany; 27 aircraft were lost. 
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02 Jan 1944 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho arrived at Kure, Japan. 
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02 Jan 1944 WW2 USS Rock departed Panama Canal Zone for Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 Admiral Sir Bertram Ramsay, the mastermind behind the evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940 and now in charge of Allied ports in France, was killed when his aircraft crashes on take-off at Toussus-le-Noble, becoming the fourth senior Allied leader to die in a plane crash. He was en route to a conference with General Bernard Montgomery in Brussels, Belgium. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 In Copenhagen, Denmark, a V2 Rocket factory was destroyed by saboteurs. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 46 American B-29 bombers based near Calcutta, India attacked a railroad bridge near Bangkok, Thailand and other targets in the area. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 British bombers attacked Nürnberg, Germany. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Becuna sank two small vessels between Malaya and Borneo in two separate engagements with her deck gun. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Barbero arrived at Fremantle, Australia, ending her second war patrol. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 Indian 2nd Division reached Yeu and crossed the Mu River in Burma. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 Anglo-Indian XV Corps captured Akyab (now Sittwe), Burma without resistance. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Missouri departed US Territory of Hawaii for Ulithi, Caroline Islands. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 53 was formed this date, from Air Groups 42, 43, and 48, which were aboard. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Spot sank a Japanese trawler with her deck gun in the Yellow Sea. 
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02 Jan 1945 WW2 Dutch national Gerrit van der Waals, under employment of British SOE but nevertheless placed under arrest by the Soviets in Hungary, was transferred to another prison in Bucharest, Romania. 
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02 Jan 1946 WW2 USS Manta departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for San Francisco, California, United States to prepare for inactivation. 
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02 Jan 1946 WW2 USS Menhaden departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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02 Jan 1946 WW2 Allied repatriation ship Hikawa Maru departed Uraga, Japan. 
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02 Jan 1948 WW2 USS Sterlet departed Guam. 
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02 Jan 1949 WW2 Chen Changjie received a letter from the Chinese Communists urging his surrender of Tianjin, China; he would reject the request. 
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