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History on the 19th of January

History
Date Text
19 Jan 1563 RELIGIOUS The Heidelberg Catechism was first published in Germany. Written by Peter Ursinus and Caspar Olevianus, it comprised a balanced statement of Calvinist tradition, and was soon after accepted by nearly all of the Reformed churches in Europe.
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19 Jan 1568 RELIGIOUS Death of Miles Coverdale, 80, publisher of the first printed English Bible. He completed the translation of the Old Testament which William Tyndale had left unfinished at his death in 1536.
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19 Jan 1774 RELIGIOUS Pioneer Methodist bishop Francis Asbury wrote in his journal: 'Lord, ever draw my heart after thee! May I see no beauty in any other object, nor desire anything but thee!'
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19 Jan 1804 RELIGIOUS Anglican missionary to Persia Henry Martyn wrote in his journal: 'To be made fit for the work of a missionary I resigned the comforts of a married life, ...and that was a severe struggle. Now again will I put forth the hand of faith, though the struggle will be far more severe.'
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19 Jan 1889 RELIGIOUS The Salvation Army split, as one faction within the denomination renounced allegiance to founder William Booth. Booth's son Ballington and his wife Maud led the American splinter group, which in 1896 incorporated itself as a separate denomination known as the Volunteers of America.
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19 Jan 1915 WW2 Two German Navy Zeppelins made the first airship attack on the United Kingdom. 
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19 Jan 1918 WW2 The German battlecruiser Goeben and cruiser Breslau (both under the Turkish flag) and screened by four torpedo boats, under the command of Admiral von Rebeur Paschwitz sortied out of the Bosphorus (Istanbul Strait) into the Mediterranean Sea with the intent on bombarding the British naval base of Mudros bay on the island of Lemnos, Greece. Within half an hour of leaving the Dardanelles the Goeben struck a mine. The damage was not that serious but did force the accompanying torpedo boats to turn back. 
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19 Jan 1919 WW2 In the German elections, Chancellor Ebert's Social Democrats won a large plurality with 38 percent of the total vote. 
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19 Jan 1920 WW2 The United States Senate voted against joining the League of Nations. 
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19 Jan 1921 WW2 USS Arizona arrived at Colón, Panama Canal Zone and entered the canal. 
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19 Jan 1932 WW2 Joseph Goebbels and Adolf Hitler travelled to Munich, Germany together; en route, Goebbels attempted to convince Adolf Hitler to run for the office of the President of Germany. 
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19 Jan 1935 WW2 The US Marine Corps' Fleet Marine Force units began their participation in the Fleet Landing Exercise No. 1 at Culebra, Puerto Rico under Brigadier General Charles H . Lyman and in the joint exercises with the Special Service and Training Squadrons of the US Fleet in the Caribbean area. 
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19 Jan 1938 WW2 George Fitch, an American missionary, departed Nanjing, China for Shanghai with 16-millimeter film containing scenes of Japanese atrocities secretly sewn into the lining of his jacket. 
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19 Jan 1938 WW2 Nikolai Voznesensky became the Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the Soviet Union. 
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19 Jan 1940 WW2 German submarine U-9 torpedoed and sank Swedish merchant ship Patricia, which escaped U-9's first attack on two hours prior, in the North Sea at 0145 hours. 19 men were killed; 4 survivors were later picked up by Swedish merchant ship Frigg. 
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19 Jan 1940 WW2 German submarine U-55 sank Norwegian vessel Telnes off the Orkney Islands, Scotland, United Kingdom; 18 lives were lost. 
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19 Jan 1940 WW2 German submarine U-59 torpedoed and sank French steamer Quiberon off Great Yarmouth, England, United Kingdom at 2100 hours. All men aboard were killed. 
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19 Jan 1940 WW2 German submarine U-44 began tracking Greek steamer Ekatontarchos Dracoulis at 2200 hours in the Bay of Biscay. Around midnight, U-44 fired a torpedo at the Greek ship, but the torpedo detonated prematurely before reaching the target. 
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19 Jan 1940 WW2 British submarine Sunfish fired 4 torpedoes at German submarine U-14 off Helgoland, Germany; all torpedoes missed. 
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19 Jan 1940 WW2 British destroyer Grenville hit a naval mine and sank in the Thames Estuary in southern England, United Kingdom at 1250 hours, killing 77. 108 survivors were rescued by two destroyers that braved the minefield. 
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19 Jan 1940 WW2 Senator William Borah, leader of the isolationists in the United States, died suddenly of cerebral hemorrhage in Washington DC. 
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19 Jan 1941 WW2 Emperor Haile Selassie of Abyssinia crossed the border between Sudan and Italian Eritrea, traveling toward his home country behind advancing British and Commonwealth troops. 
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19 Jan 1941 WW2 British and Commonwealth troops attacked Italian Eritrea. 4th and 5th Indian Infantry Divisions captured the railway junction at Kassala, Sudan, on the border with Italian Eritrea. This allowed the column led by British General William Platt to march south. 
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19 Jan 1941 WW2 Benito Mussolini visited Adolf Hitler at Berchtesgaden in Germany, accepting German assistance in North Africa, but not Albania. Hitler noted that he would launch an invasion of Greece if British troops there began to threaten the oil refineries at Ploiesti, Romania. 
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19 Jan 1941 WW2 British transport ships Clan Cumming, Clan MacDonald, and Empire Song departed Pireaus, Greece for Alexandria, Egypt at 0800 hours. At 1153 hours, 25 miles south of Pireaus, Italian submarine Neghelli attacked, damaging Clan Cumming with a torpedo. Escorting destroyer HMS Greyhound sank Neghelli with depth charges, killing the entire crew of 46. Escorting destroyer HMS Janus escorted Clan Cumming back to Pireaus while the rest of the convoy sailed on. 
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19 Jan 1941 WW2 German Luftwaffe Stuka dive bombers attacked Valletta Harbour, Malta for the fourth consecutive day in their attempt to finish off the damaged British carrier HMS Illustrious, which was only further damaged with near missed. Destroyers HMS Imperial and HMS Decoy were also damaged by the attack. One Stuka aircraft was shot down by a Fulmar aircraft, which was also shot down later in the battle. 
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19 Jan 1941 WW2 German Luftwaffe aircraft bombed RAF Feltwell in England, United Kingdom. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 US Secretary of War Henry Stimson formally asked Chiang Kaishek to approve a US commander for Chinese troops fighting in Burma; Chiang agreed, albeit with ambiguous language. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 German submarine U-66 sank Canadian ship Lady Hawkins 150 miles off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, United States at 0743 hours; 251 were killed, 71 survived. On the same day, German submarine U-123 sank US ship City of Atlanta (43 were killed, 3 survived) and US ship Norvana in the same general area, killing 43 of 46 aboard; US tanker Malay was damaged in the same attack. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 Japanese troops captured the airfield at Tavoy (now Dawei), Burma. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 Jaroslav Krejcí was named the prime minister of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 Robert von Greim was mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht radio report. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller was mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht daily radio report. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 USS Astoria departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 USS Pensacola arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 Dispersed ships of Allied convoy QP-5 began to arrive in Allied waters. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 Japanese troops landed at Sandakan, British North Borneo unopposed at 0700 hours. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 The headquarters of the Indian 45th Brigade in Malaya was destroyed by a Japanese air raid at 1000 hours, wounding General Duncan and killing all of his staff officers. Elsewhere in British Malaya, Australian 8th Division withdrew from Gemas to prevent being cut off by a Japanese flanking maneuver. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 Soviet 3rd and 4th Shock Armies advanced toward Toropets and Kholm, Russia. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 Seven US airmen set up the VIII Bomber Command at RAF Daws Hill in Buckinghamshire, England, United Kingdom. 
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19 Jan 1942 WW2 The US 2nd Marine Brigade (detached from 2nd Marine division) with 8th Marines arrived in American Samoa. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 USS Ranger launched USAAF P-40 aircraft off Accra, Gold Coast to reinforce Allied forces fighting in North Africa. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 USS Gar ended her fifth war patrol. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 Filipp Golikov was promoted to the rank of colonel general. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 USS Grampus completed her fifth war patrol. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 Bruce Fraser was made a Grand Officer of the Dutch Order of Orange-Nassau. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 Japanese troops landed at Wewak, New Guinea. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 Parkash Singh of Indian 14th Division daringly rescued wounded comrades on the Mayu Peninsula in Burma. For his, and similar deeds on 6 Jan 1943, he was to be awarded the Victoria Cross medal. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 Satoru Anabuki, flying Ki-43 fighter "Fubuki", shot down two Hurricane fighters over Akyab (now Sittwe), Burma, his 17th and 18th victories. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 Repair ship Akashi began repairing destroyer Arashi at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed Hong Kong at 1300 hours with 1,180 men aboard, including 663 Canadian prisoners of war from the Sham Sui Po prisoner of war camp. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 USS Pollack sank a Japanese cargo ship off Honshu, Japan with one of two torpedoes fired. 
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19 Jan 1943 WW2 USS Wahoo transited Vitiaz Strait between New Guinea island and New Britain island. 
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19 Jan 1944 WW2 The three-day ANZAC Conference began in Canberra, Australia. 
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19 Jan 1944 WW2 USS San Juan arrived off Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii and rejoined USS Saratoga's task group. 
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19 Jan 1944 WW2 The Irish government announced the arrest of two Irish traitors, parachuted in from German aircraft. 
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19 Jan 1944 WW2 British 46th Infantry Division attacked German positions near the junction of the Garigliano River and the Liri River in Italy. 
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19 Jan 1944 WW2 An Italian motor torpedo boat raid on Allied-held Naples, Italy was aborted. 
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19 Jan 1944 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Yokosuka, Japan for her 17th voyage with the Japanese Navy. 
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19 Jan 1944 WW2 German troops managed to avoid being encircled at Novgorod, Russia. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 The Germans began evacuating civilians from Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland). 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 Allied aircraft attacked Japanese positions at Monywa, Burma while the Indian 20th Division assaulted the port city on the Chindwin River. Meanwhile, Indian 4th Corps began its secret march southward for Meiktila, Burma. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 Richard Bienert was named the prime minister of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 Adolf Hitler ordered that any attacks or retreats by divisions or larger units must be approved by him beforehand. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 Alexander Löhr was mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht daily radio report. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 Maximilian von Weichs was mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht daily radio report. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Parche attacked two Japanese ships east of Taiwan, damaging a tanker and a freighter with 1 torpedo each; 10 torpedoes were expended during this attack. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Spot sank a Japanese cargo ship and a tanker in the Yellow Sea, hitting them with 3 of 13 torpdoes fired. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 Red Army captured Kraków and Lódz, Poland and entered Ostpreußen (East Prussia), Germany from the south. 
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19 Jan 1945 WW2 German V-2 rocket hit Town Quay, Barking, London, England, United Kingdom at 2300 hours. 
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19 Jan 1946 WW2 General Douglas MacArthur established the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo, Japan to try Japanese war criminals. 
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19 Jan 1946 WW2 USS Mero departed the Panama Canal Zone. 
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