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History on the 22nd of January

History
Date Text
22 Jan 1522 RELIGIOUS German Reformer Martin Luther wrote in a letter: 'Love cares for the problems of others as if they were one's own.'
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22 Jan 1843 RELIGIOUS Birth of Friedrich Wilhelm Blass, German biblical philologist. His 1896 "Grammar of New Testament Greek" became a foundational work in New Testament studies, and is still in print.
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22 Jan 1855 RELIGIOUS Birth of Carrie Ellis Breck, American Presbyterian poet. Several of her verses later became hymns, including "Help Somebody Today" and "Face to Face with Christ My Savior."
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22 Jan 1882 RELIGIOUS The Fifth Street Presbyterian Church of Troy, New York, became the first church in America to be illuminated by electric lighting.
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22 Jan 1917 WW2 150,000 workers marched through Petrograd, Russia and tens of thousands did so in other Russian cities. Most were demonstrating about their hunger, but a minority carry banners bearing political demands. 
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22 Jan 1918 WW2 Ukrainian delegates traveled to Brest-Litovsk, Russia to take part in the peace talks. 
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22 Jan 1919 WW2 Edmund Herring returned to his former rank of lieutenant and stepped down as the commanding officer of B Battery, 99th Field Artillery Brigade of the British Army. 
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22 Jan 1919 WW2 USS Arizona departed New York City, New York, United States. 
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22 Jan 1921 WW2 USS Arizona departed the Panama Canal Zone. 
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22 Jan 1926 WW2 Robert Saundby was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross. 
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22 Jan 1934 WW2 Major General Sumei Kuwaki was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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22 Jan 1940 WW2 Norwegian merchant vessel Segovia, with 750 tons of general cargo (including 140 tons of oil) became missing off western Scotland; her crew of 23 was never seen again. She might had been attacked and sunk by German submarine U-55. 
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22 Jan 1940 WW2 British Foreign Secretary Lord Halifax criticized First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill's speech of 20 Jan 1940, noting that by stating support for Finland in the war with Soviet Union he was meddling with foreign policy. 
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22 Jan 1940 WW2 The Finns, with Swedes and Norwegians already fighting with them, announced the formation of a "Foreign Legion" which would include British volunteers. 
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22 Jan 1940 WW2 USS Helena arrived at Buenos Aires, Argentina. 
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22 Jan 1941 WW2 Italian cruiser San Giorgio was scuttled by her own crew at Tobruk, Libya at 0415 hours. In the afternoon, Brigadier General Vincenzo della Mura surrendered the Italian 61 Infantry Division "Sirte". Meanwhile, Allied troops continued the attacks throughout the day, with monitor HMS Terror and gunboats HMS Gnat and HMS Ladybird continuing to offer support with their guns. British aircraft sank Italian liner Liguria. Before the end of the day, Admiral Massimilian Vietina surrendered to the Australian troops. 
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22 Jan 1941 WW2 German battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau departed from Kiel, Germany for Operation Berlin. 
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22 Jan 1941 WW2 4th Indian Division attacked Italian positions at Keru, Eritrea, Italian East Africa, leading to General Fongoli surrendering his 1,200 men. 
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22 Jan 1941 WW2 British minesweeping trawler HMT Luda Lady hit a mine and sank in the Humber estuary in northern England, United Kingdom, without any casualties. 
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22 Jan 1941 WW2 The first massacre of Jews in Romania took place. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 American carrier Lexington departed to raid Wake Island. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Soviet cruiser Molotov was damaged by a storm, causing her to be out of commission until 18 Feb 1942. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 In the Philippine Islands, an attempted Japanese landing from fishing boats on the west coast of the Bataan Peninsula was wiped out; the Japanese 20th Infantry Regiment would continue to try to gain a foothold. Meanwhile, Douglas MacArthur ordered the Abucay-Mauban defensive line abandoned as the Japanese had penetrated its western end; the troops fell back about 5 miles to the new line from Bagac to Orion. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 The Russians commenced a mass evacuation of civilians from besieged Leningrad across the ice road. By Apr 1942, 440,000 would have been withdrawn from the city. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 The Japanese executed 161 Australian, Indian, and Dutch prisoners at Parit Sulong, Malaya, and then burned the bodies. After the war, the officer responsible was sentenced to life imprisonment by the British for earlier crimes committed in Singapore. But in 1950, while he was being transferred to a Japanese prison, Australian authorities "kidnapped" him, took him to Australia, and hanged him for the Parit Sulong massacre. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Cut off after destroying ten enemy tanks during the Parit Sulong battle in Malaya, South African-born Australian Colonel Charles Anderson took his men to safety through 15 miles of hostile territory. For his leadership he was awarded the Victoria Cross. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 German submarine U-123 sank US freighter Norvana off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, United States, killing the entire crew. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Two RAF Albacore aircraft from Singapore attacked the Japanese positions at the Parit Sulong bridge in Malaya in an attempt to relieve the Indian and Australian troops being blocked there; failing to break through the Japanese lines, the Allied troops decided to break up to small groups and take the risk of fleeing through the jungle. Nearby, 110 captured Australian and 40 captured Indian troops were executed by the Japanese by machine gunning, bayoneting, beheading, and burning. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 To avoid being surrounded, German 9th Army launched an attack on the flank of Soviet 29th Army near Rzhev, Russia. To the north, Soviet 3rd Shock Army came in contact with German 218th Infantry Division at Kholm. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Axis forces captured Antelat, Libya. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Italian convoy T18 (transports Ravello, Monviso, Monginevro, Victoria, and Vettor) departed Messina and Taranto in Italy for Tripoli, Libya with 97 tanks, 271 trucks, 11,823 tons of supplies and 1,467 troops aboard; it was escorted by battleship Duilo, 3 cruisers, 14 destroyers, and 2 torpedo boats. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 The Canadian government announced its intention to hold a plebiscite on the question of conscription. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Akagi's aircraft carried out strikes against Rabaul, New Britain. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Japanese troops landed on New Ireland, Bismarck Islands and captured Kavieng. At nearby Rabaul, the last surviving Hudson bomber was used to evacuate the wounded airmen from the hospital on Namanula Hill, taking them to Port Moresby, British Territory of Papua. After sunrise, carrier Akagi and Kaga launched aircraft against Rabaul; they attacked two coastal guns at the cost of 2 Type 99 dive bombers. In the late morning, coast watchers at Watom Island spotted a Japanese fleet, which appears on the horizon for the Rabaul defenders by 1200 hours. In the afternoon, Australian troops began to sabotage airfield facilities to prevent Japanese use after capture; when destroying a bomb store, the resulting explosion was much larger than expected, and it killed several natives and the vibration damaged all nearby radios, thus the last message sent out at 1600 hours would become Rabaul's final radio message. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille was medically discharged from a hospital near Berlin, Germany. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 The 3rd Battalion of the "San Marco" naval infantry regiment of Italian Navy arrived at Agedabia, Libya. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 Returning from an aborted raid on Borkum, northwestern Germany, a Canadian Hudson aircraft of No. 407 Squadron crashed at RAF Donna Nook in Lincolnshire, England, United States with its bombs still on board. The five-man crew were killed on impact and the exploding bombs killed another eleven RAF ground crew and two soldiers from the local defence force. A further 16 men were injured, some badly. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 The overhaul of USS S-28 at Mare Island Navy Yard was completed. 
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22 Jan 1942 WW2 USS Hammann arrived at San Francisco, California, United States. 
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22 Jan 1943 WW2 Allied forces won the battle at Sanananda, New Guinea. 
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22 Jan 1943 WW2 Ludwig Beck and other anti-Hitler conspirators met at the home of Peter Yorck von Wartenburg. 
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22 Jan 1943 WW2 The RAF conducted its first combat operation using the new Mitchell Mk.II bombers. Six aircraft from No. 98 and No. 180 Squadrons were sent out to attack oil installations at Ghent in Belgium. One aircraft was shot down by flak over the target and two others were lost when attacked by Focke-Wulf Fw 190 fighters. Following this disaster the RAF's Mitchell squadrons were stood down to concentrate on developing new tactics to fend off enemy fighters. 
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22 Jan 1943 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at Nagasaki, Japan at 0400 hours. The 663 Canadian prisoners of war aboard were disembarked where they would be sent to work in the mines as forced laborers. 
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22 Jan 1943 WW2 German 6th Army engineers reported that the small Stalingradskaya Airfield close to the center of Stalingrad, Russia was ready to receive transport aircraft. Several He 111 aircraft arrived later on the same day with supplies, some of which would be fatally damaged when their landing gears became caught in bomb craters on the runway. 
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22 Jan 1943 WW2 The "Bafile" Battalion of the "San Marco" naval infantry regiment of Italian Navy captured Djebel Bou Dabouss massif in Tunisia, capturing 200 prisoners of war at the cost of 24 killed and 65 wounded. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 USS Gar attacked a Japanese convoy off Palau Islands at night, reporting six hits with ten torpedoes fired and reporting one sunk and one damaged. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9417 for the establishment of the War Refugee Board to help European Jews flee from Europe. The board was to be governed by the Secretaries of State, Treasury, and War. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 USS Tang departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her first war patrol to the Caroline and Mariana Islands area. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 USS Enterprise departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 36,000 Allied troops landed at Anzio, Italy, facing little opposition. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 German 15th Panzergrenadier Division wiped out new beachheads on the Rapido River in Italy established by US 141st Regiment and 143rd Regiment through the previous night. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 Destroyer Yuzuki completed her refitting at Ishikawa Shipyard and the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, Japan. Her aft torpedo mount and two of her four main guns were removed in exchange for additional anti-aircraft machine guns and improved underwater sound detection equipment. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 Nachi departed Sasebo, Japan. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 Viktor Abakumov requested the Soviet GKO for a new trial in Smolensk, Russia for 13 German defendants arrested by SMERSH. 
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22 Jan 1944 WW2 Allied convoy JW-56B departed Liverpool, England, United Kingdom. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Caiman arrived at Fremantle, Australia, ending her first war patrol. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 Four squadrons of Spitfire fighters of the RAF, carrying bombs, knocked out a German liquid oxygen rocket fuel factory at Alblasserdam in the Netherlands. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 The remnants of the German 4th Panzer Army successfully fled to the Oder River in eastern Germany. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 By this date, all Japanese troops in Yunnan Province, China were pushed to the Burma side of the Sino-Burmese border. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Sennet attacked a Japanese patrol boat off the Bonin Islands; the single torpedo missed. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 Indian 20th Division captured Monywa, Burma on the Chindwin River and reached the Irrawady River at Myinmu. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 Anglo-Indian troops began assaulting Kangaw, Burma. Meanwhile, off the coast, additional troops were disembarked on Ramree Island and Royal Marine commandos landed at Daingbon Chaung on the coast. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 USS Barb, acting on information shared by Sino-American Special Technical Cooperative Organization (SACO), continued to pursue a Japanese convoy up the coast of China. When it entered into a bay near Nanguan Island ("Namkwan harbor") on the southern border of Zhejiang Province, Commander Eugene Fluckey checked in with Sino-American Special Technical Cooperative Organization (SACO), which reported no known minefield. 
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22 Jan 1945 WW2 Soviet forces captured Allenstein and Insterburg in Ostpreußen (East Prussia), Germany. 
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22 Jan 1946 WW2 The Supreme National Tribunal of Poland was established to preside over trials of German war criminals. 
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22 Jan 1963 RELIGIOUS Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth wrote in a letter: 'In Jesus Christ, God and man...are already at peace
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21st January 23rd January
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