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History on the 13th of February

History
Date Text
13 Feb 1826 RELIGIOUS The American Temperance Society (later renamed the American Temperance Union) was organized in Boston. It quickly grew into a national crusade, and within a decade over 8,000 similar groups had been formed, boasting a total of 1.5 million members.
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13 Feb 1849 RELIGIOUS Otterbein College was chartered in Westerville, Ohio, under sponsorship of the United Brethren Church.
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13 Feb 1915 WW2 Aung San was born. 
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13 Feb 1917 WW2 Ivan Bagramyan enrolled at the Praporshchik Military Academy in Tiflis, Russia (now Tblisi, Georgia). 
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13 Feb 1918 WW2 Quintin Brand was promoted to the rank of major and became the commanding officer of No. 112 Squadron of the British Royal Flying Corps. 
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13 Feb 1918 WW2 Junichi Sasai was born. 
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13 Feb 1918 WW2 British Rear Admiral T. W. Kemp, commanding the Murmansk Squadron, fearing a German attack northwards towards the vital Allied supply ports of Archangel and Murmansk (both held by the Bolsheviks) signaled the Admiralty to send 6,000 troops to northern Russia to form a defensive garrison. It was two weeks before he received a negative reply-there were no troops available and Kemp was expressly forbidden to engage in military action to protect the ports. 
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13 Feb 1923 WW2 Charles Yeager was born. 
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13 Feb 1931 WW2 New Delhi became the capital of India. 
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13 Feb 1931 WW2 The T-27 tankette was accepted into Soviet service. 
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13 Feb 1931 WW2 The first T-26 light tanks entered Soviet military service. 
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13 Feb 1936 RELIGIOUS The Lutheran Army and Navy Commission was organized by the Missouri Synod for the purpose of commissioning chaplains for military service and to minister to Lutheran personnel among the military overseas. In 1947 its name was changed to the Armed Services Commission.
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13 Feb 1940 WW2 German submarine U-50 fired several torpedoes at Norwegian tanker Albert L. Ellsworth at 0200 hours, missing with all of them. The crew of the tanker panicked and abandoned the ship, with 2 survivors of merchant vessel Snestad (rescued on 11 Feb 1940) drowning in the process. After realizing the ship was not harmed, 42 men reboarded Albert L. Ellsworth and continued on with their journey to Bergen, Norway. 
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13 Feb 1940 WW2 German submarine U-25 fired two torpedoes at Norwegian ship Chastine Mærsk before dawn, with both missing. At dawn, she surfaced and sank Chastine Mærsk with her deck gun. The entire crew of 30 were rescued by Norwegian ship Hilda. 
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13 Feb 1940 WW2 German submarine U-53 sank Swedish ship Norna west of Ireland, killing 18. 
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13 Feb 1940 WW2 Finnish troops tried to seal the hole on the Mannerheim Line in the Lähde sector, but Soviet tanks stopped the attack. Elsewhere, Finnish troops retook the Kirvesmäki fort on the Taipale River on the Mannerheim Line. In Stockholm, Finnish Foreign Minister Tanner asked Sweden to send troops to Finland; Sweden declined in fear of invasion by both the United Kingdom and Germany as a response. 
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13 Feb 1940 WW2 The US Senate approved in principle, by a vote of 49 to 27, a loan of US$20,000,000 to be made to Finland, with restriction that none of it to be used fors "arms, ammunition or implements of war". A further two weeks however would elapse before the bill would be passed. 
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13 Feb 1940 WW2 3 Hawk 75 fighters of the Chinese 18th Squadron intercepted 27 Japanese bombers en route to bomb the bridge on the Xi River near Xiaolongtan, Yunnan, China. One bomber was claimed to be destroyed. 
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13 Feb 1941 WW2 Two German submarines attacked Allied convoy HX-106 225 miles south of Iceland. U-96 sank British tanker Clea at 1508 hours, killing the entire crew of 59. U-103 stopped British tanker Arthur F. Corwin by two torpedoes, allowing U-96 to sink her at 1950 hours, killing the entire crew of 46. 
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13 Feb 1941 WW2 British carrier HMS Formidable launched 14 Albacore aircraft against Massawa, Italian East Africa, sinking Italian ship Moncalieri and damaging others. Two Albacore aircraft were shot down with six crew members taken prisoner. 
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13 Feb 1941 WW2 A German Fw 200 aircraft sank British antisubmarine trawler HMT Rubens 275 miles southwest of Ireland, killing the entire crew of 21. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Prinz Eugen arrived at the Brunsbüttel North Locks of the Kiel Canal, successfully completing Operation Cerberus. One man was killed by British air attack during the operation. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Axis submarines arrived in waters near Aruba. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 In Burma, the British Commander-in-Chief Lieutenant-General Hutton requested Archibald Wavell to appoint a corps commander to take charge of operations and a liaison team to work with the Chinese. He received no reply as Wavell was incapacitated after suffering a fall. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-55 sank British ammunition ship Derrymore 80 miles northwest of Batavia, Java, Dutch East Indies at 2100 hours; 9 were killed, 236 survived. Among those rescued was Australian pilot and future prime minister John Gorton. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Tenryu departed Gasmata, New Britain. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese troops captured Bandjarmasin, the capital of Dutch Borneo, unopposed. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 German Navy Admiral Ciliax sent a signal to Admiral Saalwächter in Paris, France in mid-morning: "It is my duty to inform you that Operation Cerberus has been successfully completed." 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Vidkun Quisling arrived in Berlin, Germany. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Italian torpedo boat Circe attacked British submarine HMS Tempest on the surface in the Gulf of Taranto in southern Italy at 0300 hours. Tempest surfaced at 0900 hours after sustaining damage to the battery (which released poisonous chlorine gas) and was abandoned. 39 were killed in the attack; 24 survived and were taken prisoner. Circe attempted to tow Tempest back to port, but the submarine sank en route. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille shot down a Hurricane fighter at 0920 hours and another at 0925 hours east of Tobruk, Libya, which were his 45th and 46th kills. He later met his 46th victim, South African pilot Lieutenant Le Roux, after the engagement. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese troops pushed the 55th Brigade of the British 18th Division out of its position which controlled the last fresh water reservoir in Singapore for the British. Arthur Percival's senior staff members persuaded him to request permission to surrender. At 1830 hours, a large convoy of 44 ships departed Singapore with evacuees; a few of these ships would be attacked and sunk by Japanese aircraft. 
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13 Feb 1942 WW2 All Japanese troops at the Longoskawayan Point and Quinauan Point beachheads at Luzon, Philippine Islands were wiped out. 
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13 Feb 1943 WW2 The Jews of Djerba, Tunisia were ordered to pay 10 million Francs to the local German occupation administration. 
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13 Feb 1943 WW2 The Northern Group of the Chindits crossed the Indian-Burmese border at Tonhe. 
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13 Feb 1943 WW2 Karl von Le Suire was named the commanding officer of German 46th Infantry Division. 
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13 Feb 1943 WW2 F4U-1 Corsair aircraft of US Marines squadron VMF-124 made their first operational debut, escorting a US Navy Catalina aircraft on a Dumbo search and rescue mission, 200 miles north of Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. 
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13 Feb 1943 WW2 USS Alabama arrived at Casco Bay, Maine, United States. 
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13 Feb 1944 WW2 Shokaku arrived at Singapore, the new advance base for decisive operations. 
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13 Feb 1944 WW2 More than 200 US aircraft attacked Rabaul, New Britain. The Japanese launched about 50 fighters in defense. 
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13 Feb 1944 WW2 USS Columbia arrived at Nissan, Green Islands to support the landings. 
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13 Feb 1944 WW2 Irako departed Truk, Caroline Islands for Yokosuka, Japan as a part of convoy No. 4213. 
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13 Feb 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Thirty aircraft (Model F6F-3) and 45 officers of Night Fighting Squadron 76 (VF(N)-76) departed. Air Group 2 arrived on board. 
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13 Feb 1944 WW2 Americans stopped a German counter attack at Anzio, Italy. 
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13 Feb 1944 WW2 The monastery at Monte Cassino, Italy was given advance warning of the aerial bombing to come. 
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13 Feb 1944 WW2 USS Guitarro departed Manitowoc, Wisconsin, United States for Chicago, Illinois, United States. 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Wake Island was designated the flagship of Task Unit 52.2.1. 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 Heinz Guderian and Adolf Hitler argued on the Eastern Front situation; Guderian would later make note of Hitler's inability to control his rage. 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Sennet shared the credit of sinking two Japanese patrol boats with USS Haddock and USS Lagarto south of Japan. 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 Indian 7th Division crossed the Irrawady River at Nyaungu, Burma. 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 Allied firebombing raid started massive firestorms in Dresden, Germany. 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 German intelligence detected a Soviet build-up that suggested a move against the eastern Pommern and Danzig-Westpreußen region of Germany (occupied Poland and Danzig). 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Chub departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her first war patrol. 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 Soviet troops captured Budapest, Hungary. 
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13 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Bergall damaged a large Japanese warship in the South China Sea, hitting her with 1 of 6 torpedoes. 
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13 Feb 1946 WW2 Tuscaloosa was decommissioned from service. 
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13 Feb 1951 RELIGIOUS Death of Lloyd C. Douglas, 74, American Congregational clergyman and novelist. He published his first religious novel "Magnificent Obsession" in 1929, followed later by "The Robe" (1942) and "The Big Fisherman" (1948).
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13 Feb 1973 RELIGIOUS The National Council of U.S. Catholic Bishops announced that anyone undergoing or performing an abortion would be excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church.
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