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History on the 14th of February

History
Date Text
14 Feb 1760 RELIGIOUS Richard Allen, the first black ordained in the Methodist Episcopal Church (1799), and founder of the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in 1816, was born in slavery in Philadelphia.
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14 Feb 1805 RELIGIOUS Colonial American theologian Henry Ware, 41, was confirmed as the first Unitarian professor to teach at Harvard University. Soon after, the Trinitarian Congregationalist teachers began withdrawing from the school, and in 1808 established Andover Theological Seminary.
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14 Feb 1914 WW2 Nancy Harkness Love was born. 
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14 Feb 1914 RELIGIOUS Birth of Ira F. Stanphill, Assemblies of God clergyman and song evangelist. He is best known today for the hymn, "Room at the Cross," which he penned in 1946.
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14 Feb 1921 WW2 USS Arizona arrived at Balboa, Colombia. 
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14 Feb 1922 WW2 Douglas MacArthur married Louise Cromwell Brooks at the Cromwell family estate in Palm Beach, Florida, United States. 
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14 Feb 1926 WW2 In Germany, Hitler summoned the senior Nazi Party leadership to a conference at Bamberg. Speaking for five hours he rejected the alternative party programme devised by Gregor Strasser in 1920, in favour of a more revolutionary struggle for power. Hitler would emerge with greater control over Nazi Party policies. 
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14 Feb 1930 WW2 French cruiser Jeanne d'Arc was named. 
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14 Feb 1931 WW2 Spanish Prime Minister Dámasco Berenguer resigned and was succeeded by Admiral Aznar-Cabañas. 
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14 Feb 1932 WW2 Chinese General Ma Zhanshan surrendered to the Japanese in Heilongjiang Province, China. 
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14 Feb 1939 WW2 The German battleship Bismarck was launched at the Blohm & Voss yard, Hamburg, Germany. 
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14 Feb 1940 WW2 German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee's supply ship Altmark reached Norwegian territorial waters off Trondheim. It was Captain Heinrich Dau's intension to remain in neutral Norwegian waters to avoid an attack by the British. 
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14 Feb 1940 WW2 German submarine U-57 torpedoed British tanker Gretafield 20 miles east of Wick, Scotland. 10 men were killed while 31 survivors were rescued by trawlers HMS Peggy Nutten and HMS Strathalladale. With 13,000 tons of fuel oil on board, she drifted as the oil burned, eventually running aground. 
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14 Feb 1940 WW2 German submarine U-53 sank Danish ship Martin Goldschmidt west of Ireland at 0500 hours. 5 men were killed while 5 survivors were rescued by Norweigan ship Berto. 
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14 Feb 1940 WW2 German submarine U-26 sank British steamer Langleeford 70 miles northwest of Fastnet, Ireland at 0800 hours, killing 4. U-26 picked up 30 survivors, interrogated them, and then sent them to County Clare, Ireland. 
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14 Feb 1940 WW2 German submarine U-48 sank British merchant ship Sultan Star 200 miles west of Land's End, southwestern England at 1700 hours, killing 1 man. Destroyers Whitshed, Vesper, and Acasta retaliated with 22 depth charges but they did not hit U-48. 72 survivors were rescued by Whitshed and delivered to Plymouth, England on the next day. 
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14 Feb 1940 WW2 Finnish troop began withdrawing from the Lähde sector of the Mannerheim Line. Meanwhile, after heavy bombardment, Soviet troops retook the Kirvesmäki fort on the Taipale River on the Mannerheim Line. 
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14 Feb 1940 WW2 The British government agreed to allow British volunteers to serve in the Finnish armed forces. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 Hitler pressured Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 The second convoy of German Afrika Korps troops arrived at Tripoli, Libya, which included the 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion and the 39th Anti-Tank Battalion. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 African Commonwealth troops captured the port city of Kismayu, Italian East Africa, with gunfire support from cruisers HMS Shropshire, HMS Hawkins, HMS Ceres, and HMS Capetown. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 German armed merchant cruiser Atlantis, with a fleet of two prize ships and one supply ship, made rendezvous with German cruiser Admiral Scheer. The ships transferred supplies amongst each other while prize ship tanker Ketty Brøvig refueled Admiral Scheer. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 German submarine U-101 sank British ship Holystone 400 miles west of Ireland at 2257 hours, killing 40. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 Italian submarine Bianchi sank British ship Belcrest west of Ireland. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 British motor torpedo boat MTB.41 hit a mine and sank in the North Sea, killing 8. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 Grayson was commissioned into service. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 The 14th Demi-Brigade de marche de la Légion Étrangère under the command of Colonel Raoul Magrin-Vernerey landed unopposed at Port Sudan, Sudan. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 Food transport ship Irako was launched at the Kawasaki Kobe Shipyard, Japan. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 Kichisaburo Nomura presented his credentials to Franklin Roosevelt at the White House, Washington DC, United States. 
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14 Feb 1941 WW2 The rear echelon of the US Marine Corps 3rd Defense Battalion arrived at Midway. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 RAF Bomber Command began to deploy the new GEE radio navigation device. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 USS Enterprise departed from Pearl Harbor for Wake Island. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 The British Royal Navy riverboat HMS Li Wo, evacuating military personnel from Java, ran into part of the Japanese invasion fleet and was blasted to pieces by destroyers. In a last desperate show of defiance, the little boat rammed one of the enemy transports (which would sink on the following day) before going down. Only 13 of the 120 aboard Li Wo survived. The commander, Lieutenant Thomas Wilkinson, who went down with his vessel, was awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross in 1946. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 The British submarine Thrasher survived an attack off Crete with two unexploded bombs lodged in its deck casing. Lieutenant Peter Roberts and Petty Officer Thomas Gould took 40 minutes to remove the explosives, squeezed in the narrow confines knowing the submarine might by forced to dive at any moment, leaving them trapped to drown. They both received the Victoria Cross. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 US submarine Sargo delivered 1 million rounds of .30 caliber ammunition to Mindanao, Philippine Islands. Upon departure, the submarine evacuated 24 US Army personnel. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 British Deputy Chief of Air Staff informed the RAF Bomber Command that "the primary object of your operations should be focused on the morale of the enemy civilian population." 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 Juneau was commissioned into service. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-23 was lost somewhere south of Oahu, US Territory of Hawaii, to unknown reason. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 USS Swordfish sank Japanese transport Amagisan Maru 91 miles east of Davao, Mindanao, Philippine Islands. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 British submarine P38 sank Italian ship Ariosto in the Mediterranean Sea without realizing that of the 410 aboard, 294 of them were Allied prisoners of war. 252 survivors of the sinking were rescued by Italian destroyer Premuda and torpedo boat Polluce. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 USS Skipjack attacked a Japanese oiler east of Borneo; both torpedoes missed. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 No. 94 Squadron RAF, flying Kittyhawk fighters, arrived at the front in North Africa. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 German submarine U-576 sank British catapult armed merchant (CAM) ship Empire Spring southeast of Nova Scotia, Canada at 0337 hours, killing all 53 aboard. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 18 G4M1 Type 1 land attack aircraft of the Japanese Takao Air Group arrived at Vunakanau Airfield near Rabaul, New Britain. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 Indian 17th Infantry Division was ordered to defend against the Japanese advance toward Rangoon, Burma at the Bilin River. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-166 sank British freighter Kamuning 2 miles east of Ceylon at 0817 hours; 6 were killed, 63 survived. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 HMS Hermes arrived at Colombo, Ceylon. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 360 paratroopers of Japanese 1st Airborne Division landed at Pangkalanbenteng airfield near Palembang, Sumatra, Dutch East Indies; in response, ABDA command sent 5 cruisers and 11 destroyers to transport troops to Palembang; Dutch destroyer HNLMS Van Ghent in this force ran aground on the next day and would be scuttled. Meanwhile, the British ship Vyner Brooke, escaping from Singapore with 300 on board, was bombed off Sumatra; around 100 survivors, including 22 Australian nurses, reach shore on Banka island; the men were marched away by the Japanese and bayoneted and shot, the wounded were bayoneted where they laid, and the nurses were herded into the sea and machine gunned; one, Sister Vivian Bulwinkel, was wounded but survived to tell of the atrocity; she died in 2000, aged 85. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 Despite being wounded, Adnan bin Saidi continued to retire from his forward position in Singapore. When his position was finally taken by Japanese troops, he was tied to a tree and bayoneted to death. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 While Japanese troops penetrated the lines manned by the 1st Malay Brigade at Singapore and reached the Alexandra Barracks Hospital, where 323 hospital staff and patients would soon be brutally massacred, Archibald Wavell rejected Arthur Percival's request to surrender Singapore. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 Soviet Union began a national labor conscription. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 Allied convoy PQ-11 departed Kirkwall, Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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14 Feb 1942 WW2 Submarine Wahoo was launched at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, California, United States, sponsored by the wife of William C. Barker, Jr. 
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14 Feb 1943 WW2 German troops launched an offensive against American forces at and near Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia. 
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14 Feb 1943 WW2 The Northern Group of the Chindits crossed the Chindwin River in Burma. 
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14 Feb 1943 WW2 USS Runner attacked and claimed the sinking of a Japanese transport in the western Pacific; she reported 3 torpedoes expended and 2 hits. 
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14 Feb 1943 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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14 Feb 1943 WW2 Destroyer Yukikaze arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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14 Feb 1943 WW2 Commandant Rudolf Höss of the Auschwitz Concentration Camp issued Garrison Order No. 3 which instructed the SS guards to "maintain an appropriate distance from the prisoners" to order to prevent the spread of typhus which was rampant among the prisoners. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 SHAEF, the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force, established its headquarters in England, United Kingdom. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 USS Snook sank Japanese freighter Nittoku Maru in the East China Sea, hitting with 1 of 3 torpedoes fired. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 Irwin was commissioned into service. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 Shark (Balao-class) was commissioned into service. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 The British Royal Navy's Second Escort Group (Captain F. J. Walker) sank the German submarine U-424. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 At 0030 hours, 25 TBF torpedo bombers of US Marine Corps squadron VMTB-233 launched from Bougainville to mine Simpson Harbor near Rabaul, New Britain; one aircraft turned back due to mechanical problems. The Japanese shot down six TBF aircraft during the mining mission. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 Japanese launched a major attack on the Anglo-Indian defensive position "Admin Box" at Sinzweya, Burma, capturing one hill on the perimeter. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 Harold Alexander visited the Allied beachhead at Anzio, Italy and was dissatisfied with the commanding officer Major General John Lucas. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 13 Italian motor torpedo boats arrived at Fiumicino, Italy. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Yokosuka, Japan. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 Japanese aircraft from Rabaul, New Britain attacked the Allied convoy sailing for the Green Islands, damaging USS St. Louis with one hit and a few near misses (killing 23), but they would fail to stop the convoy. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 Heinrich Himmler's orders to re-establish the Chelmno Concentration Camp in occupied Poland was received by German officials of Reichsgau Wartheland; the camp resumed extermination in May 1944. 
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14 Feb 1944 WW2 USS Wake Island departed Norfolk, Virginia, United States. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 Cruiser Köln arrived at Wilhelmshaven, Germany. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 British and Canadian troops reached the Rhine River northwest of Duisberg, Germany. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 German Panzerkorps "Großdeutschland" and German 24th Panzer Corps counterattacked near Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), seeing some success against Soviet 4th Tank Army, but the Germans were unable halt the larger Soviet attempt to surround the city. Nearby, Soviet troops captured Groß-Rosen Concentration Camp in Groß-Rosen, Germany (now Rogoznica, Poland). 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Mingo arrived at Fremantle, Australia for repairs, pausing her seventh war patrol. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Tunny arrived at Tanapag Harbor, Saipan, Mariana Islands and was moored to submarine tender Fulton for repairs. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 The US coastal minesweeper YMS-48 was sunk by the USS Fletcher north of Corregidor, Philippine Islands, after being damaged by Japanese shore batteries. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 Oberstleutnant Heinz Bär was appointed as Geschwaderkommodore of III/EJG 2, the Luftwaffe unit tasked with the operational training of pilots for the Messerschmitt Me 262 Jet fighter. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Wake Island set sail for Iwo Jima, Japan. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Hawkbill sank two Japanese submarine chasers. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Sennet damaged a Japanese patrol boat with her deck gun south of Japan. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Marcus Island disembarked US Navy squadron VC-21 and embarked squadron VC-87. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 Ba 349 prototype aircraft M8 flew as a glider with Hans Zübert in the cockpit. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 Martial law ended in Greece. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 85 arrived on board. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 Kiyoshi Ito saw combat against US carrier aircraft over central Japan. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Singapore. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 German V-2 rocket hit the Chelmsford-to-London Road near the village of Mountnessing in Essex, England, United Kingdom at 1700 hours. 
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14 Feb 1945 WW2 German V-2 rocket hit Wormholt Road in Kensington, London, England, United Kingdom about 1 mile west of Sheperds Bush at 2200 hours, killing 29 and injuring 41. 
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14 Feb 1947 WW2 The scheduled overhaul work for USS Chub completed. 
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14 Feb 1947 WW2 Roderick Carr was appointed King of Arms of the Order of the British Empire. 
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14 Feb 1949 WW2 The Israeli parliament, the Knesset, convened for the first time. 
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14 Feb 1949 RELIGIOUS Russian-born English chemist and Zionist leader Chaim Weizmann, 74, was elected first president of the newly restored modern state of Israel.
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14 Feb 1985 RELIGIOUS The U.S. Rabbinical Assembly of Conservative Judaism announced their decision to begin accepting women as rabbis.
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