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History on the 19th of February

History
Date Text
19 Feb 0842 RELIGIOUS The Medieval Iconoclastic Controversy ended, when a Council in Constantinople formally reinstated the veneration of images (icons) in the churches. (This debate over icons is often considered the last event which led to the Great Schism between the Eastern and Western Churches.)
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19 Feb 1568 RELIGIOUS Death of Miles Coverdale, 80, translator and publisher of the first complete Bible to be printed in English (1535). Coverdale was also editor of the Great Bible of 1539.
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19 Feb 1812 RELIGIOUS Congregational missionaries Adoniram Judson, 23, and his wife Ann, 22, first sailed from New England to Calcutta, India. (Judson eventually concentrated his labors in Burma.)
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19 Feb 1869 RELIGIOUS Death of Elizabeth Clephane, 39, an orphaned Scottish poet who left the Church with two hauntingly beautiful hymns: "Beneath the Cross of Jesus" and "The Ninety and Nine." (All of Clephane's poetry was published posthumously.)
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19 Feb 1910 WW2 Prince Nagahisa was born. 
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19 Feb 1915 WW2 British Vice-Admiral Sackville Carden commenced the naval attack on the Dardanelles, which all hoped would be sufficient to quell the Turks without recourse to an extensive landing by the army. Twelve capital ships in three divisions shelled the forts at the mouth of the channel, Sedd-al-Bahr on the European side and Kum Kale on the Asiatic side. Bad weather rendered the attack ineffective, and it was not resumed until 25 Feb 1915, when the fortifications were battered into submission and occupied. 
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19 Feb 1915 WW1 Begin of Initial Dardanelles Bombardment
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19 Feb 1916 WW2 HMS Valiant was commissioned into service with Captain Maurice Woollcombe as her first commanding officer. 
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19 Feb 1917 WW2 The US Ambassador in London, England, United Kingdom was briefed by Reginald "Blinker" Hall, head of the top secret Room 40, about the contents of the intercepted Zimmermann telegram. 
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19 Feb 1924 WW2 HMS Hermes was commissioned into service. Captain Arthur Stopford, who had been the commanding officer of the carrier since Feb 1923, remained in command. 
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19 Feb 1929 WW2 Douglas Bader made his first solo flight. 
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19 Feb 1932 WW2 The League of Nations reviewed the facts regarding the Japanese violation of Chinese soverignty, but it would fail to result in any action against Japanese aggression. 
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19 Feb 1936 WW2 In Spain the Popular Front won the general election. The Popular Front, a coalition of the left Republicans with the Socialists and Communists obtained 270 seats in the assembly against 200 seats won by the centre and right political parties. 
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19 Feb 1937 WW2 John Winant's second term as the Chairman of the United States Social Security Board ended. 
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19 Feb 1937 WW2 During a public ceremony in Addis Ababa, Abyssinia, two Eritrean nationalists attempted to kill Italian Viceroy Rodolfo Graziani with grenades. Italian guards fired into the crowd indiscriminately. 
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19 Feb 1938 WW2 The British cabinet rejected Foreign Secretary Eden's proposal to request Italy to withdraw its troops from Spain. The cabinet had hoped that the presence of Italian troops in Spain would discourage further German aggression. 
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19 Feb 1938 WW2 Lieutenant General Hisaichi Tanaka was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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19 Feb 1939 WW2 A trade agreement was signed between the Soviet Union and Poland in an attempt to strengthen Poland as a buffer against Germany. 
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19 Feb 1940 WW2 The Soviet 18th Division attacked across the frozen Lake Suvanto in the Taipale Sector near Lake Lagoda in eastern Karelian Isthmus. Finnish defenders, with concentrated artillery fire, halted the attack after inflicting nearly 1,000 fatalities. 
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19 Feb 1940 WW2 German submarine U-23, commanded by Kapitänleutnant Otto Kretschmer, torpedoed and sank Britisher steamer Tiberton east of the Orkney Islands, Scotland at 0405 hours. Tiberton sank in 30 seconds, taking the lives of the entire crew of 30. 
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19 Feb 1940 WW2 Adolf Hitler, alarmed by the Altmark Incident of 16 Feb 1940, ordered to hasten the planning of the invasion of Norway. 
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19 Feb 1940 WW2 US Secretary of State Cordell Hull extended the American moral embargo to include the Soviet Union. 
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19 Feb 1941 WW2 The Australian 8th Division arrived in Singapore. 
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19 Feb 1941 WW2 German bombers began a three-day campaign against the port city of Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom. 
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19 Feb 1941 WW2 British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden, Chief of the General Staff John Dill, Commander-in-Chief Middle East General Archibald Wavell, and Mediterranean Fleet chief Admiral Andrew Cunningham met in Cairo, Egypt to discuss diverting forces from North Africa to aid Greece. 
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19 Feb 1941 WW2 The name German Africa Korps (Deutsches Afrikakorps) was established for German forces in North Africa. It began to patrol out of Tripoli, Libya. 
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19 Feb 1941 WW2 German Motor Torpedo Boats S.28, S.101, and S.102 raided the coast of Norfolk, England, United Kingdom, sinking British ship Algarve off Sheringham, killing the entire crew. 
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19 Feb 1941 WW2 British submarine HMS Tigris sank French ships Jacobsen and Guilvinec 60 miles west of Bayonne, France. 
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19 Feb 1941 WW2 German submarine U-69 sank British ship Empire Blanda west of Scotland, United Kingdom at 0818 hours, killing 39. 
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19 Feb 1941 WW2 German submarine U-103 sank Norwegian ship Benjamin Franklin 360 miles northwest of Ireland at 2222 hours; the entire crew of 36 survived. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Vichy government in France tried General Gamelin, Leon Blum, and Paul Reynaud for being responsible for 1940 defeat, but the trial would not be carried through. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 US President Franklin Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, allowing the US military to relocate Japanese-Americans to internment camps. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 The Canadian Parliament voted for military conscription. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Mandalay, Burma came under aerial attack for the first time. Meanwhile, the Japanese 143rd Regiment, having crossed the Bilin Estuary arrived at Taungzon, effectively bypassing the British and Indian positions along the Bilin River; Lieutenant General Hutton had no option but to permit a withdrawal to the Sittang. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Georg von Bismarck was promoted to the rank of Generalmajor. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Mitsuo Fuchida led the first of two waves of attacks during a raid on Darwin, Australia. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 The US Marine Corps 9th Defense Battalion arrived at Guantanamo Bay on the island of Cuba from Norfolk, Virginia, United States via USS Biddle. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 USS Skipjack attacked a Japanese ship east of Borneo; both torpedoes missed. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese carriers launched 152 bombers and 36 fighters at 0845 hours. The attack force reached Darwin, Australia at 0958 hours and attacked the port city for the subsequent 42 minutes, sinking US destroyer USS Peary (93 killed, 49 survived), US transport USAT Meigs, merchant ship Zealandia, US merchant ship Mauna Loa, British freighter Neptuna, British tanker British Motorist, and coal storage hulk Kelat. 7 Japanese aircraft were lost in this first raid, while 7 American P-40 fighters were destroyed (4 in combat, 3 on the ground). Later in the day, 54 land-based bombers based in Kendari, Celebes, Dutch East Indies arrived for a second raid, destroying 6 Australian Hudson light bombers, 1 US B-24 Liberator bomber, and 2 US P-40 fighters. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 US Army 14th Reconnaissance Squadron pilot Major Richard Carmichael, leading a flight of 12 B-17 bombers, arrived at Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 The Japanese base at Truk, Caroline Islands reported sightings of US destroyers nearby. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Tenryu arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands to receive additional anti-aircraft weaponry. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 HMS Hermes departed Colombo, Ceylon to receive Swordfish torpedo bombers of 814 Naval Air Squadron in the Indian Ocean. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese troops landed at Denpasar, Bali in the Dutch East Indies unopposed before dawn. At 0700 hours, as the Japanese troops transports departed Bali and began to sail for their home ports, 20 American aircraft attacked the convoy, damaging transport Sagami Maru. At 2200 hours, as the Japanese convoy sailed through the Badung Strait, it was engaged by Dutch cruiser De Ruyter, Dutch cruiser Java, and 3 US and Dutch destroyers; Dutch destroyer Piet Hein was sunk by Japanese torpedoes in the battle, killing 64. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 A Japanese floatplane flew near Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii in a reconnaissance mission. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Yamato departed Hashirajima island in Hiroshima Bay, Japan with Battleship Division 1 for training in the Iyo Nada. She returned later on the same day. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Akagi's aircraft participated in the raid on Port Darwin, Australia and saw 9 ships damaged and 18 aircraft destroyed. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Naka departed Jolo, Philippine Islands. 
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19 Feb 1942 WW2 Major changes were made to the British War Cabinet. Sir Stafford Cripps became Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Commons. Mr. Clement Atlee became Secretary for the Dominions and Mr. Oliver Lyttleton was appointed Minister of State with special responsibilities for all branches of production. Outgoing Ministers of the Cabinet were Lord Beaverbrook, Sir Kingsley Wood and Mr. Arthur Greenwood. 
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19 Feb 1942 RELIGIOUS Presidential Executive Order 9066 began placing 100,000 persons of Japanese ancestry (of which over 2/3 were American-born citizens) into ten "relocation centers" for the duration of WWII. During confinement within the armed, barbed-wire surroundings, however, prayer meetings, Bible studies and worship services were held.
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19 Feb 1943 WW2 Rommel launched a surprise counter-attack at Kasserine Pass, Tunisia, overwhelming the fresh but inexperienced Americans. 
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19 Feb 1943 WW2 German Army Group South began a counteroffensive toward Kharkov, Ukraine and Belgorod, Russia. 
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19 Feb 1943 WW2 USS Runner attacked a Japanese transport and an escorting destroyer in the western Pacific; she claimed the sinking of a Japanese transport, hitting her with 2 of 3 torpedoes fired; four torpedoes were fired at the destroyer without any hits. 
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19 Feb 1943 WW2 Adolf Hitler departed the headquarters of German Army Group South. 
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19 Feb 1943 WW2 Repair ship Akashi began repairing destroyer Hamakaze at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 Saboteurs in Denmark damaged rail lines around Aarhus. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 RAF bombers attacked Leipzig, Germany. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 141 Libyan Jews held at the Fossoli transit camp near Modena, Italy were deported to Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp in Germany. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 The British Royal Navy's Second Escort Group (Captain F. J. Walker CB, DSO and three bars) sank the German submarine U-264. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 USS Cero sank a Japanese transport north of Dutch New Guinea, hiting her with 2 of 6 torpedoes fired. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 The Japanese garrison on Nissan Island, Green Islands, Australian New Guinea sent the radio message "We are charging the enemy and beginning radio silence" before commencing a final attack. New Zealand troops who had landed on Nissan four days prior would defeat this final charge. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 48 SBD and 23 TBF aircraft attacked Lakunai Airfield at Rabaul, New Britain, followed by another attack on Lakunai Airfield and Tobera Airfield by 20 B-24 bombers and 35 fighters. 36 Japanese fighters rose to defend. The Japanese suffered 8 A6M fighters shot down and Lakunai airstrips temporarily taken out of action. The Americans suffered 1 F4U fighter shot down. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 Starting this date and into the next date, 40 A6M, 21 D3A, 4 D4Y, 13 G4M, and 7 B5N aircraft were withdrawn from Rabaul, New Britain. As a part of the same transfer, 400 ground troops and support personnel departed Rabaul aboard Kokai Maru and Kowa Maru; the convoy was escorted by submarine chaser CHa-48, submarine chaser CH-38, and repair tug Nagaura. When the transfer was complete, Rabaul would only have 10 operational A6M fighters and 2 B5N operational bombers. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 USS Grayback sank two small Japanese transports in the South China Sea southwest of Taiwan. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 US Marine Corps squadron VMF-214 was reformed at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Barbara in California, United States. 2nd Lieutenant Ranson Tilton, fresh out of pilot training, was named the acting commanding officer. 
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19 Feb 1944 WW2 USS Harder completed its scheduled overhaul at Mare Island Navy Yard in Vallejo, California, United States. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 Air Group 80 flew 2 strikes against Iwo Jima and fighter squadron 80 flew 1 strike against Chichi Jima and Haha Jima (both groups from USS Hancock); 1 aircraft was lost. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 John Basilone passed away. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Sea Cat damaged a small Japanese ship with her deck gun. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 German 1st Infantry Division, 3rd Panzer Army, and 4th Army launched a counter attack in East Prussia, Germany, which was spearheaded by a captured Soviet T-34 tank. It opened a corridor between Königsberg and Pillau. The troops would hold this corridor open until early Apr, allowing thousands of civilians to be evacuated by German Navy ships. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 Heinrich Himmler made his first contact with Swedish Count Folke Bernadotte regarding a separate peace. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 US troops landed on Samar and Capul in the Philippine Islands. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 Units of the US 8th Division began encircling German troops trapped within the Siegfried Line/Westwall. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Mingo departed Fremantle, Australia, resuming her seventh war patrol. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Missouri bombarded Iwo Jima, Japan. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 James Lacey scored his final kill of his career as he shot down a Japanese Ki-43 aircraft, bringing his confirmed kills count to 28. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 Soviet 52nd Army and Soviet 3rd Guards Tank Army secured the flanks of Soviet 4th Tank Army near Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland), thus ending the counter-offensive mounted by German Panzerkorps "Großdeutschland" and German XXIV Panzer Corps. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 At 0905 hours, the first of 30,000 US Marines landed on Iwo Jima, Japan after heavy naval bombardment. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 119 American B-29 bombers attacked the port and urban areas of Tokyo, Japan. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 USS Wasp's aircraft provided aerial cover for the Iwo Jima, Japan invasion. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 US B-24 bombers based in the Philippine Islands attacked Koshun Airfield, Takao Prefecture, Taiwan. 
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19 Feb 1945 WW2 German V-2 rocket hit Bawn's factory at Blackhorse Lane in Walthamstow, London, England, United Kingdom at 1420 hours. It wrecked 12 houses, damaged 500 houses, killed 18, seriously injured 53, and lightly injured 150. 
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19 Feb 1946 WW2 Allied repatriation ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Torokina, Solomon Islands and embarked Japanese personnel. 
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19 Feb 1946 WW2 USS Cabrilla conducted exercises in the Panama Canal Zone. 
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19 Feb 1946 WW2 Alan Turing presented a paper that revealed his design of a stored-program computer, but he was scrutized by the British government as it contained too much secret technology developed during WW2. 
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19 Feb 1948 WW2 The C-0102 transport aircraft took its first flight over Chongqing, China. 
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