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History on the 28th of February

History
Date Text
28 Feb 0870 RELIGIOUS The Fourth Constantinople Council closed, under Pope Adrian II in the West and Emperor Basil I in the East. The council had condemned iconoclasm, and became the last ecumenical council held in the Eastern Mediterranean area.
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28 Feb 1759 RELIGIOUS Pope Clement XIII granted permission for the Bible to be translated into the languages of the Roman Catholic states.
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28 Feb 1784 RELIGIOUS English churchman John Wesley, 80, formally chartered the movement within Anglicanism which afterward came to be known as Wesleyan Methodism.
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28 Feb 1873 RELIGIOUS The Society of Mary, founded in 1816, was officially recognized by Pope Pius IX. This religious order seeks to combine the work of education with foreign missions.
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28 Feb 1917 WW2 The revolutionaries were in full control of Petrograd, Russia. A Revolutionary headquarters was set up in the Tauride Palace and as the rebellious units of the Russian Army made their way they expected to ally themselves with the State Duma (the Parliamentary institute established following the 1905 revolt, but which Tsar Nicholas had now ordered to be dissolved). It was soon apparent however that the real power at the Tauride Palace laid in the hands of the Soviet (council) of Workers' and Soldier's Deputies, who despite a show of support for Alexander Kerensky's Provisional Government, had an agenda of their own. News of the insurrection in Petrograd reaches the Tsar, who was away on a tour of inspection of front-line units. He hastily set out to return to the capital but his train was diverted to Pskov, the Headquarters of General Russky's Northern Army Group. Unknown to Tsar Nicholas, Russky, who the Tsar believed to be a loyal subordinate, had been given secret orders by Rodzianko, the President of the Dumo (supported by some members of the General Staff) to persuading the Tsar to abdicate. 
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28 Feb 1918 WW2 The British Royal Navy purchased the under construction hull of battleship Almirante Cochrane; she was ordered to be converted to become an aircraft carrier. 
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28 Feb 1922 WW2 The United Kingdom formally accepted the independence of Egypt. 
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28 Feb 1922 WW2 Princess Mary, The Princess Royal, married Viscount Lascelles at Westminster Abbey, London, England, United Kingdom. The Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (the future Queen Elizabeth) was one of the bridesmaids. 
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28 Feb 1933 WW2 German President Paul von Hindenburg issued the Reichstag Fire Decree, suspending key civil liberties in Germany. 
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28 Feb 1934 WW2 The German Army ordered the dismissal of all "Jews" (all non-Aryans) from military service. 
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28 Feb 1934 WW2 At a conference in the Great Hall of the Army General Staff Building on Bendlerstrasse, Berlin, Germany, Hitler told the assembled senior Army and SA officers in no uncertain terms that the Army would be the sole bearer of arms, although for the time being the SA would continue its frontier protection duties and paramilitary training. In addition Hitler informed the delegates that the Army must be organized to carry out training to be ready for a defensive war in five years and a war of aggression in eight years. 
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28 Feb 1937 WW2 The Ki-30 aircraft took its first flight. 
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28 Feb 1938 WW2 USS Perch entered the Bering Sea. 
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28 Feb 1938 WW2 US Marine Corps Lieutenant Colonel W. C. James organized a unit of 200 men at Beiping, China; the unit was to be deployed shortly after to relieve the US Army troops based in Tianjin, China. 
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28 Feb 1938 WW2 Japanese aircraft bombed Wuhan, Hubei, China, causing little damage. 
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28 Feb 1938 WW2 Kaga departed Yokosuka, Japan. 
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28 Feb 1939 WW2 Manuel Azaña resigned from the post of President of the Republic of Spain. 
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28 Feb 1939 WW2 Germany responded to the British and French inquiry of 8 Feb 1939 regarding why Germany had not yet guaranteed Czechoslovakian sovereignty, noting that Germany must "await first a clarification of the internal development of Czechoslovakia". 
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28 Feb 1940 WW2 At 0045 hours, Soviet High Command permitted the surrounded 34th Tank Brigade to retreat from the East Lemetti pocket in Finland. Finnish troops eased pressure and allowed 2,750 wounded Russian soldiers to escape on foot. About 1,000 out of the 1,250 who escaped to the south returned safely, but all 1,500 who escaped to the east were later caught by Finnish ski troops and killed. Finnish attacks on the East Lemetti pocket continued later in the day. On the Karelian Isthmus, however, Soviet troops were able to penetrate the second defensive line. Finally, troops of the Swedish Volunteer Corps took over front line duties against Soviet troops at Salla, Lapland in northern Finland. 
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28 Feb 1940 WW2 The United Kingdom and France offered military assistance for Finland, but they were waiting for Finland to issue a formal request for such aid. 
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28 Feb 1941 WW2 British destroyers HMS Decoy and HMS Hereward land 200 more British troops on the Greek island of Kastelorizo in the Dodecanese Islands to reinforce Operation Abstention; as the Italians reinforced the two torpedo boats in the area, Lupo and Lince, with destroyer Crispi, destroyer Sella, and two more torpedo boats, the British decided to cancel Operation Abstention; 40 British commandos were left behind and captured in the hastened retreat. To the north, German troops began to across into Bulgaria. Meanwhile, one squadron of RAF Hurricane fighters and one squadron of RAF Gladiator biplane fighters shot down 27 Italian aircraft over the Albanian mountains in support of Greek troops on the ground. 
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28 Feb 1941 WW2 Bread ration was reduced from 350g to 280g in Vichy France. 
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28 Feb 1941 WW2 During the night 23 British Hampden aircraft from Waddington, Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom attacked battleship Tirpitz at Wilhelmshaven, Germany. Low clouds resulted in only 4 aircraft locating the battleship, and they failed to hit their target. 
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28 Feb 1941 WW2 Italian forces at Kufra, Libya began surrender negotiations with Free French and British forces. 
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28 Feb 1941 WW2 British liner Anchises, damaged by a German Fw 200 aircraft of I./KG 40 on the previous day, began sinking slowly at 1130 hours. The remaining 33 crew members took to a lifeboat; 12 of them would be killed when the lifeboat was accidentally sucked under corvette HMS Kingcup's bow, which had arrived to rescue them. In the afternoon, German aircraft returned and completed Anchises' sinking with bombs. 
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28 Feb 1941 WW2 German submarine U-108 sank British ship Effna 200 miles south of Iceland at 2332 hours, killing the entire crew of 33. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 German submarine U-578 attacked destroyer USS Jacob Jones 10 kilometers east of Rehoboth Beach, Delaware, United States, hitting her with two or three torpedoes, sinking her. About 80 of the 110 aboard were killed. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 US submarine Permit delivered ammunition to Corregidor, Philippine Islands. Upon departure, the submarine evacuated 31 US Navy personnel. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 San Juan was commissioned into service. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 Franz Halder noted in his diary that the campaign in the Soviet Union had thus far caused 1,005,636 German casualties, 202,251 of which were killed. He also noted that there were 112,627 cases of frostbite. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 Alfred Rosenberg advised Wilhelm Keitel to improve the treatment of Soviet prisoners of war. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 The planned strike on Rabaul, New Britain by the US 14th Reconnaissance Squadron (based in Queensland, Australia) was cancelled as about half of the squadron's men were falling ill with dengue fever. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 7 Japanese Type 1 bombers of the 4th Air Group, escorted by 6 Zero fighters, attacked Port Moresby, Australian Papua, destroying 3 Catalina aircraft, damaging 1 Catalina aircraft, and damaging seaplane base facilities. The Japanese lost one fighter to anti-aircraft fire; the downed pilot, Flying Petty Officer 1st Class Katsuaki Nagatomo, was captured. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 General Archibald Wavell, who believed Rangoon, Burma must be held, relieved Thomas Hutton for planning an evacuation. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 In the Dutch East Indies, Allied cruisers USS Houston and HMAS Perth were ordered to sail through Sunda Strait to Tjilatjap, where they would participate in the Battle of Sunda Strait, and USS Houston would sink with the loss of 693 men. Meanwhile, Japanese troops landed at Bantam Bay and Eretan Wetan, west and east of Batavia, respectively; another force landed 100 miles east of Surabaya. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 British cruiser HMS Exeter departed Surabaya, Java, Dutch East Indies for Ceylon. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 U-576 arrived at Saint-Nazaire, France, ending her third war patrol. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille arrived in Berlin, Germany for a period of home leave. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-153 sank British freighter City of Manchester south of Java, Dutch East Indies; 3 were killed, 6 were captured by I-153's crew, and 128 were rescued by USS Whippoorwill and USS Lark. 
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28 Feb 1942 WW2 Garland was refitted at Middlesbrough, England, United Kingdom. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Norwegian paratroopers sabotaged the Norsk Hydro heavy water production plant at Telemark, Norway, thereby depriving German scientists of vital raw materials in their atomic weapons research program. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Construction began on the first full-scale plutonium production reactor in the world at Hanford, Washington, United States. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Oyodo was commissioned into service. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Admiral Hipper was decommissioned from service. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Douglas MacArthur's staff completed a plan calling for a more deliberate advance in the Southwest Pacific. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Japanese convoy Operation 81 assembled at Rabaul, New Britain and readied for departure scheduled for the next day. The convoy was consisted of 6 transports (carrying 6,000 troops and supplies), 1 old navy supply ship (carrying 600 Special Naval Landing Force troops), and 1 small freighter (carrying 1,650 drums of aviation gas); it was escorted by 8 destroyers. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Satoru Anabuki, flying Ki-43 fighter "Fubuki", shot down a Hurricane and a Blenheim aircraft over Akyab (now Sittwe), Burma, increasing his score to 23. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Werner Ehrhardt was named the commanding officer of German cruiser Prinz Eugen. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 712 RAF aircraft (457 Lancaster, 252 Halifax, and 3 Mosquito) attacked Berlin, Germany; 20 aircraft were lost. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 USS Flying Fish arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her fourth war patrol. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 A mistake in record-keeping at Auschwitz Concentration Camp caused registration information of the women's camp in Birkenau to be in a state of confusion. All female prisoners of Birkenau camp were gathered for a prolonged roll call which lasted the entire day to re-confirm camp records; at the same time, a selection also took place among the women, which condemned some of them to the gas chambers. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Submarine Ray was launched at Manitowoc, Wisconsin, United States, sponsored by the wife of S. C. Loomis. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 Henry Arnold suffered his first heart attack and was hospitalized at Walter Reed Army Hospital in Washington DC, United States for several days. 
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28 Feb 1943 WW2 USS Whale departed Midway Atoll for her third war patrol. 
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28 Feb 1944 WW2 German female aviator Hanna Reitsch presented a proposal of a squadron of suicide pilots to Adolf Hitler. 
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28 Feb 1944 WW2 80th Fighter Squadron (flying P-38 aircraft) of USAAF 80th Fighter Group was transferred out of Dobodura Airfield, Australian Papua. 
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28 Feb 1944 WW2 USS Pollack departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her ninth war patrol. 
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28 Feb 1944 WW2 Allied convoy JW-57 arrived at the Kola Inlet near Murmansk, Russia. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 Otto Skorzeny was ordered to depart from Army Group Vistula and to return to Berlin, Germany. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 U-869 was attacked by American destroyer escort USS Fowler and French submarine chaser L'Indiscret off Rabat, French Morocco. Although the attack was unsuccessful, the Allies recorded it as a probably sinking. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 Iran declared war on Japan. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 US Ninth Army achieved breakthrough near Erkelenz, Germany. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 Soviet 2nd Byelorussian Front captured Neustettin, Germany (now Szczecinek, Poland). 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 5 departed. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 Soviet forces suspended offensives against German Armeegruppe Kurland in Lithuania. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 A F4U Corsair fighter of US Marine Corps squadron VMF-214 suffered a belly tank accidental detachment during its landing aboard USS Franklin in the Pacific Ocean between California, United States and the Territory of Hawaii. The tank flew forward into the propeller blades, and the resulting fuel spill was ignited into a fire that would burn for an hour. The pilot Ralph Husted was killed. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 Saudi Arabia declared war on Germany and Japan. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 Allied convoy RA-64 arrived at Loch Ewe, Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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28 Feb 1945 WW2 USS R-1 departed for New York City, New York, United States. 
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28 Feb 1946 WW2 USS ABSD-1 prepared for inactivation while at Leyte Gulf, Philippine Islands. 
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28 Feb 1946 WW2 Henry Arnold was removed from the active list of the US Army Air Force due to a heart arrhythmia. 
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28 Feb 1947 WW2 228 Incident: A major civil disorder in Taiwan was put down by the government, resulting in 30,000 deaths. 
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28 Feb 1947 RELIGIOUS U.S. Senate Chaplain Peter Marshall prayed: 'Let not the past ever be so dear to us as to set a limit to the future. Give us the courage to change our minds when that is needed.'
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28 Feb 1949 WW2 USS Bergall conculded a tour of the Far East. 
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