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History on the 1st of March

History
Date Text
01 Mar 1912 WW2 Prince Hiroyasu was made the commanding officer of cruiser Ibuki. 
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01 Mar 1914 WW2 Erwin Rommel was posted to the 4th Battery of the 49th Artillery Regiment of the Wüttemberg Army. 
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01 Mar 1916 WW2 George Brett married Mary Devol, daughter of Major General Carroll Devol. 
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01 Mar 1918 WW2 The Murmansk Soviet informed Petrograd, Russia that the Allied missions continued to be well inclined towards supporting the Bolsheviks and were willing to provide military aid and food supplies. 
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01 Mar 1918 WW2 President Wilson drafted a message stating that he had no objection to an Allied request for a Japanese intervention in Siberia. But under pressure from his special adviser Colonel E. House, he was actually persuaded to compile a second note in which he stated that the US Government felt that such a Japanese intervention might be playing into the hands of the enemies of the Russian revolution (for which the US Government held the greatest sympathy). 
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01 Mar 1921 WW2 Edmund Herring was admitted to practice law as a barrister and solicitor in Victoria, Australia. 
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01 Mar 1923 WW2 Yura was commissioned into service. 
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01 Mar 1923 WW2 Rear Admiral Morie Tokiwa was named the Chief of Staff of the Mako naval port at Pescadores islands, Taiwan. 
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01 Mar 1931 WW2 USS Arizona completed her modernization and was placed in full commission status. 
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01 Mar 1932 WW2 Ma Zhanshan was made the Minister of War of the Japanese-sponsored puppet state of Manchukuo in northeastern China. 
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01 Mar 1932 WW2 Former Chinese Emperor Puyi was declared Chief Executive Datong of the puppet state of Manchukuo in northeastern China. 
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01 Mar 1932 WW2 Chinese troops launched a counterattack at Shanghai, China, but it failed to break Japanese lines. 
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01 Mar 1933 WW2 Kichisaburo Nomura was promoted to the rank of admiral. 
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01 Mar 1933 WW2 The construction for HMS Apollo was ordered. 
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01 Mar 1934 WW2 Werner Mölders was promoted to the rank of Leutnant; he also transferred to the Luftwaffe on this date. 
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01 Mar 1934 WW2 George Patton was promoted to the permanent rank of lieutenant colonel. 
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01 Mar 1934 WW2 Zhang Jinghui, already the head of the Ministry of Defense of the puppet state of Manchukuo since 1932, was named the Minister of Defense. 
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01 Mar 1934 WW2 As the Manchukuo Department of Finance was reformed as the Finance Ministry, Xi Qia was named its first minister. 
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01 Mar 1935 WW2 Saar officially became part of Germany after the Jan 1935 plebiscite. 
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01 Mar 1935 WW2 The US Army Air Corps established the General Headquarters Air Force as a new formation, under the command of Brigadier General Frank M. Andrews. This was seen by many proponents of air power as the first move towards establishing an autonomous US Air Force. 
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01 Mar 1935 WW2 US Army established the General Headquarters Air Force to control all combat air units based within the United States. 
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01 Mar 1936 WW2 Rudolf Höss was promoted to the rank of SS-Hauptscharführer. 
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01 Mar 1936 WW2 In Colorado, United States, the "Six Company's" consortium formally handed the newly completed Hoover Dam over to the federal government, two years ahead of schedule. 
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01 Mar 1936 WW2 Henry Arnold was promoted to the permanent rank of colonel. 
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01 Mar 1937 WW2 Spencer was commissioned into service. 
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01 Mar 1937 WW2 Hideki Tojo was named the chief of staff of Kenkichi Ueda (Japanese Kwantung Army in northeastern China). 
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01 Mar 1937 WW2 Hubert Lanz was promoted to the rank of Oberstleutnant and was made the Chief of Staff of IX Armeekorps. 
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01 Mar 1937 WW2 Some time during this month, Japanese Rear Admiral Keijii Fukuda and his design team completed the blueprint for the largest class of battleships in the world. This design would later become the Yamato-class battleship. 
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01 Mar 1937 WW2 Crown Prince Yi Un became an instructor in the Japanese Army Academy. 
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01 Mar 1937 WW2 Major General Masataka Hata was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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01 Mar 1938 WW2 William Halsey was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. 
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01 Mar 1938 WW2 Lieutenant General Kenzo Kitano was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea. 
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01 Mar 1939 WW2 British destroyer HMS Matabele (L26) was commissioned into service with Commander G. K. Whitmy-Smith in command. 
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01 Mar 1939 WW2 The keel of submarine Tautog was laid down at Groton, Connecticut, United States. 
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01 Mar 1940 WW2 Adolf Hitler issued a formal war directive for Weserübung, the invasion of Norway and Denmark. 
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01 Mar 1940 WW2 The Libyan 1st and 2nd Divisions were formed by the Italian Army. 
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01 Mar 1940 WW2 Gusztáv Jány was named the commanding officer of Hungarian 2nd Army. 
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01 Mar 1940 WW2 US Undersecretary of State Sumner Welles arrived in Berlin, Germany on a peace mission, and met with German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop on the first day of his visit. 
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01 Mar 1940 WW2 USS Helena departed Norfolk, Virginia, United States. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 German troops entered Romania. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 US Navy established the Support Force Atlantic Fleet for the purpose of providing protection for merchant shipping. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Bulgarian Prime Minister Bogdan Filov signed the Tripartite Pact, which gave Germany the option of invading Greece through Bulgaria. Bulgaria was promised territories lost to Yugoslavia and Greece after WW1. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Bread rations in Italy was halved in order to increase food export to Germany. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Free French forces from Chad captured Kufra in southeastern Libya. The Italians suffered 3 killed (all 3 were Libyan colonial troops), 4 wounded, and 282 captured (29 Italians, 273 Libyan colonial troops); the French suffered 4 killed and 21 wounded. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 German cruiser Admiral Scheer entered the South Atlantic from the Indian Ocean. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 British minesweeping trawler HMT St. Donats collided with destroyer HMS Cotswold and sank 45 miles east of Grimsby, England, United Kingdom. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Larissa, Greece suffered a 6.3 magnitude earthquake. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 In Port Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, as HMS Formidable waited for mine clearing operations to complete in the Suez Canal, she launched 5 Albacore aircraft to bomb Massawa, Eritrea, Italian East Africa, causing little damage. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Hiroshi Nemoto was named the commanding officer of the 24th Division in China. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille was promoted to the rank of Oberfähnrich. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Two battalions of Indian 4th Division and 2 Free French battalions reached Mescelit Pass 15 miles northeast of Keren, Eritrea, Italian East Africa; lacking artillery, the force's goal was only to tie down Italian forces in the region. On the same day, Italian submarines Gauleo Ferraras, Perla, and Archimede departed Massawa, Eritrea for the long journey around Africa for Europe. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Lieutenant General Hiroshi Takahashi was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Heinrich Himmler paid his first visit to Auschwitz Concentration Camp. During the visit, he ordered Commandant Rudolf Höss to expand the current camp to hold a total of 30,000 prisoners, expand the camp to Birkenau with capacity for 100,000 prisoners, supply 10,000 prisoners to work for the nearby I.G. Farben factory, and to expand the camp's agricultural and industrial output. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Lieutenant General Takaji Wachi was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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01 Mar 1941 WW2 Mr. John Winant, the new United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom, was greeted by the Duke of Kent on his arrival by air. On his way to London by rail he was met and welcomed by His Majesty the King. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Oiler USS Pecos were sunk off Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean by Japanese carrier aircraft. While en route to rescue survivors of Pecos, which included survivors of USS Langley, destroyer USS Edsall was sunk at 1731 hours by gunfire and aircraft; 147 were killed, 6 survived and were captured. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 ABDA naval command was disbanded after the defeats at the Java Sea region. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 The US Navy 3rd Submarine Fleet was established in Brisbane, Australia. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Korvettenkapitän Hellmuth Strobel took command of cruiser Köln. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at Kwajalein, Marshall islands. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Perch was depth charged by two Japanese destroyers 30 miles northwest of Surabaya, Java; her starboard motors were damaged and she took on flood waters. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 The US authorities rounded up 112,000 Americans of Japanese descent and moved them to inland camps well away from the Pacific coast. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Martti Aho was awarded the Mannerheim Cross medal. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Legionaro was commissioned into service. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 In the face of defeats in Burma, Archibald Wavell replaced Major General John Smyth with Major General David Cowan and demoted General Thomas Hutton to be the chief of staff of Cowan. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Filipp Golikov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for the second time. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Japanese warships sank five Dutch ships (Rooseboom, Pariji, Modjokerto, and two others) between Dutch East Indies and Australia. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Allied convoy PQ-12 departed Reykjavík, Iceland and convoy QP-8 departed Murmansk, Russia. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 The E14Y floatplane of Japanese submarine I-25 conducted a reconnaissance mission over Hobart, Australia. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 The first four of No. 75 Squadron RAAF's Kittyhawk fighters arrived at Port Moresby, Australian Papua. Two of them would see combat later on the same day, with Flight Officer Barry Cox and Flight Officer Wilbur Wackett shooting down one Ki-21 bomber flying a reconnaissance mission over Port Moresby. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 HMS Encounter, HMS Exeter, and USS Pope were sunk at the Second Battle of the Java Sea; the ships suffered 7, 54, and 1 killed, respectively. Meanwhile, at the Battle of Sunda Strait, Allied cruisers USS Houston and HMAS Perth intercepted a Japanese invasion force but were both sunk as they attacked; four Japanese transports and a minesweepers were sunk, but two of the transports were later refloated. Also on this date, Japanese troops landed on Java and immediately began marching for Batavia, with the Japanese 2nd Division capturing Serang and the 230th Infantry Regiment capturing Kalidjati airfield at Soebang en route. Finally, Japanese air raids at Surabaya damaged destroyer USS Stewart and Dutch destroyer Witte de With. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 While at Faßberg, Germany, III./KG 4 wa transferred to the German Luftwaffe XI. Fliegerkorps in preparation for a new assignment. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-656 was sunk by a Hudson patrol bomber of US Navy VP-82 squadron 33 miles south of Cape Race, Newfoundland, killing all 45 aboard. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Permit fired three torpedoes at a Japanese destroyer in the Java Sea; all three torpedoes missed. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 At the Battle of the Java Sea, slightly damaged cruiser HMS Exeter, destroyer HMS Encounter, and destroyer USS Pope at 0850 hours. At 1245 hours, Nachi fired once again on HMS Exeter by gunfire. She departed the area at the end of the day with 90 Allied prisoners of war on board. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Douglas MacArthur requested George Brett to send 3 B-17 Flying Fortress bombers to the Philippine Islands for the evacuation of MacArthur, his family, and his staff. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Extermination of Jews at Sobibór Concentration Camp in occupied Poland began. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 No. 97 Squadron RAF was transferred to RAF Woodhall Spa, Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 Benjamin Kelsey was promoted to the war time rank of colonel. 
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01 Mar 1942 WW2 The United States Marine Corps established Marine Aircraft Group 22 at Midway Atoll, consisted of Marine Scout-Bomber Squadron 231 and Marine Fighter Squadron 221. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 U-530 was assigned to the 10. Unterseebootflottille (10th Submarine Flotilla). 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 Cruiser Köln was taken out of service and would remain so for one year. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 German troops began falling back from the Rzhev area in Russia. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 Heinz Guderian was appointed Inspector-General of Armoured Troops. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 US Marine Corps established its first medium bomber squadron, Marine Bomber Squadron 413, at Cherry Point, North Carolina, United States. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 The Northern Group of the Chindits reached Zibyutaungdan, Burma and began to move into the Mu valley. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 Submarine ShCh-205 was awarded guard ship status. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 Lydia Litvyak shot down a German Fw 190 fighter while flying a Yak-1 fighter. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 The Japanese convoy Operation 81 (consisted of 6 transports, 1 old navy supply ship, and 1 small freighter, carrying a total of 6,600 troops) departed Rabaul, New Britain. The convoy was discovered by Lieutenant Walt Higgins' B-24 patrol along the northern coast of New Britain at 1500 hours; 7 B-17 bombers were dispatched to attack, but they failed to locate the convoy. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 USS Greenling dropped off Australian and New Britain natives at Cape Orford, New Britain. They were to serve as coast watchers. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 George Kenney and Richard Sutherland met with Chester Nimitz in Honolulu, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Marine Fighting Squadron 215 (VMF-215; Model F4U-1) on board. Marine Fighting Squadron 222 (VMF-222; Model F4U-1) on board. Aviation Operations bldg. usably complete. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 Allied convoy RA-53 departed the Kola Inlet near Murmansk, Russia; it was consisted of 30 freighters and was escorted by 31 warships. 
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01 Mar 1943 WW2 The American Jewish Congress sponsored an event at the Madison Square Garden in New York City where 20,000 people gathered and called for Allied and neutral nations to provide sanctuaries for refugees and called for the United States and United Kingdom (ie. the British mandate of Palestine) to relax immigration restrictions. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Cruiser Köln was towed from Kiel to Königsberg, Germany. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 British High Commissioner in Jerusalem Sir Harold MacMichael stated that the current quota of 75,000 Jewish immigrants would not be increased, and when the current quota expired on 31 Mar 1944, there would be no plan for further openings for immigrants. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Thousands of Italian workers in northern Italy went on a strike, stopping production in some factories for a week. Because it was found that the strike was organized by a underground resistance movement, as many as 2,000 workers who went on the strike were arrested; some of them were deported out of the country. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Hammerhead was commissioned into service. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 The keel of submarine Sea Robin was laid down. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Rear Admiral Hidehiko Nishio was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Southwest Area Fleet. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Wake Island arrived at Recife, Brazil. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Captain Kiyoshi Koda was named the commanding officer of light carrier Hosho. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 George Patton noted in his diary that " drank too much and is lonely", implying that the pressures of being the top Allied commander were taking a toll on his usually healthy and affable friend. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Heinrich Kreipe was made commanding officer of 22nd Air Landing Infantry Division. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Ships of US Navy Destroyer Squadron 22 bombarded Rabaul, New Britain from off Praed Point starting at about 0000 hours, expending 700 shells. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Three Italian motor torpedo boats attacked the Allied beachhead at Anzio, Italy before dawn, causing no damage and suffering no losses. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Italian Navy Xa MAS formed the Servizio Ausiliario Femminile organization, an all-female auxiliary corps. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Settsu was assigned to the Japanese Navy First Air Fleet. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Shokaku moved alternately between Singapore and Lingga, Dutch East Indies throughout the month of Mar 1944. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 Klavdia Kalugina received orders to move to the front lines. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 US fighter ace Lieutenant Charles F. Gumm, with seven confirmed victories to his credit, was tragically killed when the engine of his P-51B Mustang fighter failed during take-off from RAF Boxted in Essex, England, United Kingdom. Rather than bailing out (which would inevitably lead to his crippled aircraft crashing into the little village of Nayland) he gallantly stayed in the cockpit long enough to glide it towards open ground. By that time he was too low to parachute, and his body was found by local villagers near the burning wreckage. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Guitarro departed New Orleans, Louisiana, United States for Balboa, Panama Canal Zone. 
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01 Mar 1944 WW2 German aircraft dropped six bombs over the Vatican City, littering the Court of Saint Damaso with debris. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 Air Group 80 from USS Hancock flew 4 strikes and fighter sqaudron VF-80 flew 1 strike against Amami Oshima, Ryuku Islands; no aircraft were lost. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 Tony Stein passed away. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 US Ninth Army captured cities of München-Gladback and Rheydt in Germany. On the same day, Dwight Eisenhower approved the commencement of Operation Lumberjack. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 German Armeegruppe Mitte recaptured Lauban, Germany (now Luban, Poland). 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Kete departed Guam, Mariana Islands for her second war patrol. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 Allied troops captured Roermond and Venlo in the Netherlands. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 The Japanese Navy 10th Air Fleet was formed as a training unit with three carrier air groups with Vice Admiral Minoru Maeda in command and Rear Admiral Chikao Yamamoto as his chief of staff. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 The Japanese 12th Air Fleet was reorganized to contain one air group and one base force. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 German 56th Panzer Corps and 34th Panzer Corps commenced Operation Gemse in the Silesian region of Germany (now Poland), surprising Soviet 3rd Guards Tank Army. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 Kurt von Cleve was named the civilian administrator of the Channel Islands. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Wasp's aircraft attacked and photographed Japanese positions in the Ryukyu Islands. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 British tanks spearheaded the first assault on Meiktila. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 Test pilot Lothar Sieber became the first pilot to launch a Ba 349 aircraft. The aircraft was launched from the Lager Heuberg base near Stetten am kalten Markt, Germany. After 50 seconds of flight, the aircraft crashed about 5 miles from the launch site, killing Sieber. The cause was either one of four booster rockets failing to function, or a loose canopy that might have fatally injured Sieber. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 Italian Navy Xa MAS reported a strength of 8,395 men. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Sterlet sank a Japanese transport in the Izu Islands, Japan, hitting her with three of six torpedoes. 
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01 Mar 1945 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Manila, Philippine Islands; she hit a mine in the Singapore Strait en route to Manila, but was able to arrive under her own power. 
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01 Mar 1946 WW2 Wedderburn was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Mar 1946 WW2 The Soviet Council of Commissars approved the prmotion of Vasilii Stalin, the son of Joseph Stalin, to the rank of major general; Vyacheslav Molotov personally called Vasilii Stalin to share the news, but Vasilii Stalin was too drunk to understand. 
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01 Mar 1946 WW2 The United States and China formally ended the Sino-American Special Technical Cooperative Organization (SACO) agreement. 
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01 Mar 1946 WW2 USS Mero arrived at San Francisco Bay, California, United States. 
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01 Mar 1946 WW2 USS Shamrock Bay arrived at Boston, Massachusetts, United States for inactivation work. 
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01 Mar 1947 WW2 San Jacinto was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Mar 1947 WW2 Intrepid was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Mar 1947 WW2 Song Ziwen stepped down as the chief of Executive Yuan. 
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01 Mar 1947 WW2 Chiang Kaishek was made the Premier of the Republic of China. 
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01 Mar 1948 WW2 Valiant was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Mar 1948 WW2 Renown was decommissioned from service. 
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29th February 2nd March
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