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History on the 5th of March

History
Date Text
05 Mar 1919 WW2 Frederick Aikman was born. 
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05 Mar 1921 WW2 The Spanish Premier Eduardo Dato was assassinated by Catalan anarchists in Madrid, Spain. 
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05 Mar 1927 WW2 La Motte-Picquet was commissioned into service under the command of capitaine de vaisseau Jean Cras. 
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05 Mar 1927 WW2 General Hanzo Kanaya was named the commanding officer of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea, relieving Shusei Morioka. 
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05 Mar 1931 WW2 Gandhi reached agreement with Lord Irwin, the Viceroy of India, which would end the civil disobedience campaign in return for a round table conference to decide constitutional reform in India. 
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05 Mar 1933 WW2 Nazi Party received 44% of popular vote in Germany's last free election. 
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05 Mar 1934 WW2 Juzo Nishio was named the chief of staff of Takashi Hishikari (Japanese Kwantung Army in northeastern China). 
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05 Mar 1934 WW2 Hiroshi Nemoto was givern responsibility of the production of munitions in Japan. 
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05 Mar 1934 WW2 The order for the construction of destroyer Garland was issued to the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering of Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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05 Mar 1936 WW2 The Confessing Church in Germany issued a declaration rejecting National Socialist ambitions to be "the supreme and ultimate authority in all spheres of life". Banned by the Gestapo, 700 pastors were arrested after reading out the declaration. 
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05 Mar 1936 WW2 Supermarine prototype Type 300 aircraft took flight from Eastleigh airfield in England, United Kingdom; this aircraft would later be named Spitfire. 
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05 Mar 1936 WW2 Hawker's prototype fighter K5083 was delivered to Martelesham Heath airfield in Suffolk, England, United Kingdom for testing. 
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05 Mar 1937 WW2 Imperial airways officially opened its new flying-boat base at Hythe on Southampton water in southern England, United Kingdom. This would become the centre for its Empire services. 
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05 Mar 1937 WW2 Newcastle was commissioned into service. 
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05 Mar 1938 WW2 Iwane Matsui was recalled to Japan. 
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05 Mar 1938 WW2 The Hungarian Army, the Honvedseg, decided to embark upon a major rearmament programme (Hubs 1) and one thousand million pengos was allotted from the national budget with a significant amount assigned for the acquisition of light tanks for the new fast brigades. 
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05 Mar 1938 WW2 Joseph Stalin and the Politburo ordered the Military Collegium to sentence former VCheKa member Valentin Trifonov to death per the recommendation of the GUGB of the Soviet NKVD. 
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05 Mar 1940 WW2 The Soviet Politburo declared the Polish officers in captivity "enemies of the Soviet Union" and ordered death sentences for all of them, fearing that, if released back into the population, they would organize resistance movements against the Soviet occupation. 
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05 Mar 1940 WW2 Despite heavy casualties delivered by the Finnish Air Force, Soviet forces captured more islands in Viipuri Bay in Finland and asserted more pressure on the city of Viipuri. The Soviet Union renewed its peace offer, and this time it was seriously considered by Finland. 
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05 Mar 1940 WW2 German submarine U-17 torpedoed and sank Dutch steamer Grutto 20 miles off Belgium at 2100 hours. Grutto sank within 6 minutes of the attack, killing all 18 aboard. 
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05 Mar 1940 WW2 Hermann Göring complained that he was not consulted for the planning of the Norwegian invasion. 
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05 Mar 1940 WW2 Communist Chinese troops laid siege to Yanchuan County seat, Shaanxi Province, China; the local paramilitary forces loyal to the Nationalists would quickly surrender. 
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05 Mar 1941 WW2 British reinforcement from North Africa arrived in Greece. On the same day, the British government broke off diplomatic relations with Bulgaria in response to their alliance with Germany. 
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05 Mar 1941 WW2 Hermann Göring met with General Antonescu in Vienna, Austria, demanding Romanian participation in the upcoming German invasion of the Soviet Union. 
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05 Mar 1941 WW2 British submarine HMS Triumph sank Italian ships Marzamemi and Colombo Lo Faro 20 miles east of Catania, Sicily, Italy. 
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05 Mar 1941 WW2 German submarine U-95 sank Swedish ship Murjek, which had been broadcasting its neutral status continuously, with 5 torpedoes 200 miles south of Iceland at 0525 hours. The entire crew of 31 was killed. 
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05 Mar 1941 WW2 Adolf Hitler issued the order to the German Foreign Ministry to try to draw Japan into the war by attacking British possessions in Asia, but it was still important to keep the United States out of the war at this point. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 US Navy Admiral Ernest King said to US President Franklin Roosevelt "we cannot in honor let Australia and New Zealand down". 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 German battleship Tirpitz, escorted by destroyers, departed for the Arctic Ocean to intercept Allied convoys in Operation Sportpalast. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 British submarine HMS Thorn sank Italian auxiliary patrol vessel AS91/Ottavia with her deck gun off Kefalonia island, Greece. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 British submarine HMS Uproar sank Italian merchant ship Marin Sanudo 18 miles west of Lampedusa island, Italy; Italian torpedo boats Cigno and Procione counterattacked with depth charges in failure. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 British Admiral Sir Geoffrey Layton was appointed Commander-in-Chief Ceylon. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-404 sank US ship Collamer off Nova Scotia, Canada at 1135 hours. At 1533 hours, 50 miles east of the Bahamas, U-128 sank Norwegian tanker O. A. Knudsen. Later that day, U-126 sank US ship Mariana 30 miles north of the Turks and Caicos Islands east of Cuba at 2244 hours, killing all 36 aboard. Finally, at 2307 hours on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean off Sierra Leone, British West Africa, U-505 sank British ship Benmohr; all 56 aboard survived. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 US 8th Pursuit Squadron, flying P-40 fighters, was sent to Melbourne, Australia. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 Japanese troop transports Yokohama Maru, China Maru, Kongo Maru, Tenyo Maru, and Kokai Maru departed Rabaul, New Britain, Bismarck Islands for New Guinea; the transports were escorted by six cruisers and eight destroyers. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 Tenryu arrived at Rabaul, New Britain and departed for Australian New Guinea island later in the day. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 Hauptmann Hansgeorg Bätcher, commanding officer of 1. Staffel of I./KG 100 of the German Luftwaffe, flying a He 111 bomber, damaged a Soviet submarine with five SD 50 bombs in the Black Sea. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 Japanese 2nd Division captured Batavia on the island of Java, the capital of Dutch East Indies. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 Kaga launched aircraft in support of operations in Tjilatjap in central Java, Dutch East Indies. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 British submarine HMS Torbay sank Italian merchant ship Maddalena G. in the harbor at Corfu, Greece at 0730 hours. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 The British government announced that, according to information shared with the United Kingdom by the Japanese government, there were 5,072 British, 1,689 Canadian, 3,829 Indian, and 357 men of other nationalities currently under captivity in Hong Kong as prisoners of war. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 Shokaku left drydock at Yokosuka, Japan. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Grayback sank a Japanese transport and an escort vessel in the Philippine Sea off Guam, Mariana Islands, hitting them with 2 of 3 torpedoes. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 Conscription in Britain was extended to include men aged between 41 and 45. 
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05 Mar 1942 WW2 A change to include a threaded barrel end to accept a big five-port muzzle brake was introduced to the 37 mm Gun M3 anti-tank gun design; the new designation of M3A1 was assigned. The muzzle brakes would be removed when M3A1 guns were deployed to combat areas, however. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 Tirpitz completed post-refitting trials. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 Awa Maru was commissioned into service. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 The USAAF 14th Air Force was established in China. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 Destroyer Yukikaze arrived at Rabaul, New Britain, Bismarck Islands. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 US B-25 bombers machine gunned a cluster of life rafts occupied by Japanese survivors of ships sunken during the Battle of the Bismarck Sea. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 German submarine U-255 sank freighter Executive (9 were killed, 51 survived) and damaged freighter Richard Bland of Allied convoy RA-53 at 0924 hours; shortly after, 12 German He 111 aircraft attacked the convoy, but none of them were able to break through the escort screen. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 British bombers attacked Krupp works at Essen, Germany; this was the Allies' first attack on this industrial region, which started what the Allies called the Battle of the Ruhr. This attack also saw the first successful use of Oboe, an aerial blind bombing targeting system. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Additional portions of British Fighter Squadrons 882, 896, and 898 arrived on board. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 I-168 departed Yokosuka, Japan for Paramushiro, Kurile Islands. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 Irako sailed south from Fukajima, Japan with torpedo boat Hato in escort. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 Nachi refueled from oiler Teiyo Maru at Paramushiro (Paramushir), Kurile Islands. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 During a test run of Crematorium II at Auschwitz-Birkenau, it took 40 minutes to cremate 45 bodies. An observing commission, which included engineers from the firm J. A. Topf and Sons and SS officers, complained that the amount of time it took was too long. They instructed the prisoners who operated the crematorium to keep the generators running for several days to increase the temperature. 
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05 Mar 1943 WW2 The first Gloster Meteor (DG206) aircraft made its maiden flight. The Meteor would go on to become the only turbojet powered Allied aircraft operational during the war. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 Soviet 2nd Ukrainian Front under Ivan Konev attacked toward Uman, Ukraine. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 Operation Thursday was launched. William Slim flew to Hailakandi, India to oversee the launch. One of the intended glider landing spots in Burma was found by pre-operation reconnaissance flights to be defended by newly-arrived Japanese troops, and Wingate accused Slim or the Chinese of betrayal (in actuality, Japanese Army lumberjacks had coincidentally started working in the region); troops originally intended to land at that spot were diverted to other landing areas. Several gliders were lost by the over-burdened glider towing aircraft, but the operation would still get underway. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Hoe arrived at Fremantle, Australia, ending her third war patrol. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 15 on board. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 William Slim requested his superiors to assign an additional division to defend Kohima and Dimapur, India. He would only receive two battalions of Indian parachute troops. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 Three Italian motor torpedo boats attacked the Allied beachhead at Anzio, Italy before dawn, causing no damage and suffering no losses. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 732 Jews from the Westerbork transit camp arrived at Auschwitz-Birkenau camp in Poland. 477 of them were sent to the gas chambers without being registered into the camp. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 Auschwitz-Birkenau camp officials decided to gas the Czech Jews of Theresienstadt camp (sector BIIb). They were given postcards post-dated 25-27 Mar 1944 with pre-printed message "we are healthy and fine" and were told to sign them. These prisoners were gassed on 8 Mar 1944 and the postcards were mailed after 25 Mar. 
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05 Mar 1944 WW2 The second BTD Destroyer prototype aircraft took its first flight. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 Patrols from US First Army reached outskirts of Köln, Germany. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 Germany began the conscription of 15 to 16-year-old males for service. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 Fortress Graudenz was captrued by Soviet 2nd Byelorussian Front. At the Oksywie Heights near Gotenhafen, East Prussia, Germany (now Gdynia, Poland), 30,000 people were evacuated by ships on the previous day and this date. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Tunny departed Saipan, Mariana Islands. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 The first prototype of Ki-115 Tsuragi special attack aircraft was completed. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Sea Robin tracked an escorted convoy of two cargo ships through out the day; she sank gunboat Manyo Maru with three of three torpedoes fired, cargo ship Shoyu Maru with one of three torpedoes fired, and cargo ship Nagaru Maru with one of seven torpedoes fired. Sea Robin was hunted by Japanese ships and aircraft after the attack but was able to escape. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 Rear Admiral Clifton Sprague commended the "efficiency, smoothness and good judgement" of USS Wake Island and the crew. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 Captain Hidekazu Osuga was named the commanding officer of light carrier Hosho. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 Lieutenant James Lyle was named the commanding officer of HMS Dianthus. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 All Japanese pockets of resistance at Meiktila, Burma were eliminated. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Missouri arrived at Ulithi, Caroline Islands. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Shamrock Bay departed Ulithi, Caroline Islands. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 Soviet 19th Army reached the Baltic coast, cutting off German 2.Armee in Pommern, Germany. 
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05 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Sterlet sank a Japanese oiler south of Tokyo Bay, Japan, hitting her with five of six torpedoes. 
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05 Mar 1946 WW2 Iwane Matsui entered Sugamo Prison, Tokyo, Japan. 
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05 Mar 1946 WW2 Winston Churchill gave the "Iron Curtain" speech at Fulton College (now Westminster College), Missouri, United States. 
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05 Mar 1948 WW2 The Curtiss Model 29A (or XF-87 Blackhawk) two-seat all-weather interceptor powered by four Westinghouse XJ34 turbojets took the first flight. 
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05 Mar 1949 WW2 Nikolai Voznesensky was removed from his position as the Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the Soviet Union. 
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05 Mar 1949 WW2 Maksim Saburov became the Chairman of State Planning Committee of the Soviet Union. 
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