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History on the 9th of March

History
Date Text
09 Mar 1915 WW2 James Johnson was born in Barrow-upon-Soar, Leicestershire, England, United Kingdom. 
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09 Mar 1916 WW1 Begin of Fifth Battle of the Isonzo
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09 Mar 1918 WW2 Douglas MacArthur led a company of the US 168th Infantry Regiment during raids on German trenches in the Salient du Feys, France. For this action, MacArthur was later awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. 
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09 Mar 1931 WW2 Cruiser USS Chicago (CA-29) was commissioned into service with Captain Manley Hale Simons in command. 
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09 Mar 1932 WW2 Zheng Xiaoxu was named the Prime Minister of the puppet state of Manchukuo. 
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09 Mar 1932 WW2 Xi Qia was named the Director of Finance of the Japanese-sponsored puppet state of Manchukuo. 
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09 Mar 1932 WW2 Puyi was inaugurated as the Chief Executive of the puppet state of Manchukuo in northeastern China. 
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09 Mar 1933 WW2 Members of the SA and Stahlhelm rioted against Jews in Germany. 
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09 Mar 1933 WW2 In Germany, SS leader Heinrich Himmler became the president of the München (Munich) police commission. 
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09 Mar 1935 WW2 The German government announced the establishment of a new national air force-the Luftwaffe. 
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09 Mar 1935 WW2 Henry Arnold was named the wing commander of the First Wing of the US Army Air Corps, based at March Field, Moreno Valley, California, United States. 
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09 Mar 1936 WW2 Koki Hirota became the 32nd Prime Minister of Japan. 
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09 Mar 1936 WW2 Josias' son, Wittekind, was born at the castle of Schloß Arolsen, Arolsen, Germany. 
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09 Mar 1937 WW2 The Armstrong Whitwotrth Whitley Mk I heavy bomber joined No. 10 Squadron RAF and went on to equip no fewer than 20 RAF Squadrons. 
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09 Mar 1937 WW2 In the "Fireside Chat" radio address broadcast on this date, US President Franklin Roosevelt attempted to persuade the American public in allowing him to change to change the law in order to appoint more Supreme Court Justices. The American public would generally voice opinions against Roosevelt. 
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09 Mar 1938 WW2 With the failure of the Spanish Republican attack upon Teruel the Spanish Nationalists were now able to launch a new eastward offensive towards Aragon and Levante in Spain. The intention was to cut Republican Spain in half. The assault was launched with General Fidel Dávila in command. 
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09 Mar 1938 WW2 Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg announced that a plebiscite was to take place on 13 Mar 1938 to decide Austria's fate regarding the German threat. Upon learning the news, Adolf Hitler became furious. 
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09 Mar 1939 WW2 Czechoslovakian President Emil Hácha suspended Jozef Tiso's Slovakian government and placed Slovakia under martial law. 
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09 Mar 1939 WW2 Chen Changjie was named the deputy commander of the 13th Army while still retaining command of the 61st Corps. 
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09 Mar 1940 WW2 The British released the Italian coal ships detained on 7 Mar 1940 and announced that the United Kingdom would allow Italy to continue to import German coal but only via overland routes. 
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09 Mar 1940 WW2 Soviet troops captured the village of Tali on the outskirts of Viipuri and for the most part were in control of the Bay of Viipuri. Finnish leader Mannerheim suggested that surrender might be Finland's only option at this stage. 
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09 Mar 1940 WW2 German submarine U-14 sank 3 British steamers 5 miles off of the Belgian coast near Zeebrugge: SS Borthwick at 0542 hours, no lives lost; SS Abbotsford at 2330 hours, killing 19; SS Akeld 2345 hours, killing 12. 
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09 Mar 1940 WW2 German submarine U-38 fired a warning shot from its deck gun toward 6 neutral Irish trawlers 10 miles north of Aran Island, Ireland at the distance of 200 meters at 2113 hours. Trawler Leukos was hit by the warning shot, killing the entire crew of 11 during the sinking. 
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09 Mar 1940 WW2 German submarine U-28 torpedoed and sank Greek steamer P. Margaronis 125 miles west of Brest, France at 2317 hours, killing the entire crew of 30. 
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09 Mar 1940 WW2 Lieutenant General Mikio Uemura was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 Benito Mussolini visited Tiranë, Albania; he announced on radio that he would personally lead a renewed offensive against Greece. On queue, 12 Italian divisions attacked Greek lines through the Trebeshinë heights between Osum and Vjosë Rivers, but the Greek First Army was generally able to hold the lines. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 British submarines HMS Unique, HMS Upholder, HMS Upright, and HMS Utmost detected an Italian convoy 35 miles off the coast of Tunisia. HMS Utmost made an unsuccessful attack on the armed merchant cruiser Deffenu but was able to sink the freighter Capo Vita. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 Minesweeping work completed in the Suez Canal in Egypt, and British Royal Navy commanders gave aircraft carrier HMS Formidable the go ahead to sail through from the Red Sea into the canal. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 German cruiser Scharnhorst sank Greek ship Marathon 250 miles north of Cape Verde Islands after taking the entire crew prisoner. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 British minesweeping trawler HMT Gulfoss hit a mine and sank in the English Channel 3 miles south of Dungeness, Kent, England, United Kingdom, killing 10. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 British RAF Bomber Command was ordered to mount attacks on German U-Boat bases, construction yards and industries associated with their manufacture.  
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 Vichy France announced that authorization was now needed for Jews to sell or rent a company. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 Polish Jews from the city of Oswiecim (Auschwitz) began to be deported to the town of Chrzanow in southern Poland. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 German aircraft bombed London, England, United Kingdom overnight, damaging Buckingham Palace and destroying the underground nightclub Café De Paris; 80 patrons were killed at the latter. 
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09 Mar 1941 WW2 A Japanese intelligence network was established in San Diego, California, United States to observe the transportation of war materials. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 At 0640 hours, British aircraft spotted a German fleet centered around battleship Tirpitz. At 0730 hours, British carrier HMS Victorious launched 12 Albacore aircraft to attack, reaching Tirpitz and destroyer Friedrich Ihn at 0830 hours. The attack caused no damage to the German warships; two Albacore aircraft were lost. Tripitz and her escorts arrived at Bogen near Narvik, Norway later that day. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed Kwajalein, Marshall Islands. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 US Navy Admiral Ernest King was appointed Chief of Naval Operations; he was to maintain his responsibility as the Commander-in-Chief (CominCh) of the US Navy. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 Joseph Stilwell had dinner with Chiang Kaishek and his family; in a private conversation afterwards, Chiang hinted to Stilwell that he had no intention of sacrificing Chinese troops in the doomed defense of Mandalay, Burma. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 Japanese troops entered undefended Rangoon, Burma, abandoned by British troops two days prior. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 Admiral Harold Stark, formerly the American Chief of Naval Operations, was appointed as Commander of the United States Naval Forces in European waters with his headquarters in London, England, United Kingdom. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 British anti-submarine whaler HMS Shera, escorting Allied convoy PQ-12, capsized possibly due to being top-heavy from heavy ice build-up and having low levels of fuel, although the weather was not particularly bad on this date; only 3 of those aboard survived the sinking. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-94 sank Brazilian ship Cayrú 100 kilometers east of Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States at 0225 hours; 53 were killed, 36 survived. At 1317 hours, 10 miles east of Cuba, U-126 sank Panamanian tanker Hanseat; all 39 aboard survived. In the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, German submarine U-587 sank Greek ship Lily 470 miles east of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada at 1845 hours (all 32 aboard survived the immediate sinking, but only 29 would live to be rescued) and Italian submarine Tazzoli sank Uruguayan ship Montevideo 650 miles east of Florida, United States (14 were killed, 35 survived). In the evening, at 2109 hours, U-96 sank Norwegian ship Tyr 100 miles east of Halifax; all 31 aboard survived the immediate sinking, but 13 of them would never be seen again. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 Tenryu arrived at Buka island, Bougainville, Solomon Islands. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 Akagi returned to Staring Bay, Celebes, Dutch East Indies after the fall of Java. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 A second British air raid to Essen, Germany, again using the new GEE navigational system, had similar dismal results as the first raid on the previous day, as the haze made the target difficult to spot. 
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09 Mar 1942 WW2 Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto issued orders to the fleet to prepare for Operation C, a raid into the Indian Ocean. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 Erwin Rommel departed North Africa on account of health reasons. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 Operation Boarding Party: SOE deployed the Calcutta Light Horse regiment to attack the German ship Ehrenfels in the neutral Portuguese port of Goa. This covert operation was not revealed to the public until 1978. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 Yekaterina Budanova shot down a Bf 109 fighter, sharing the credit with other pilots. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 German submarine U-586 sank US merchant ship Puerto Rican of Allied convoy RA-53 northeast of Iceland; 61 were killed, 1 survived. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 SS Oberstumbannfuhrer Joachim Peiper, formerly Heinrich Himmler's adjutant, was awarded the Knights Cross for outstanding leadership and bravery on the Eastern Front. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 The Japanese Navy Kure 6th Special Naval Landing Force landed between Bairoko and Enogai and near the Munda airfield on New Georgia in the Solomon Islands. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 Rear Admiral Minoru Ota, commanding officer of the Japanese Navy 8th Combined Special Landing Force, was given responsibility for the defense of New Georgia in the Solomon Islands. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 USS Sunfish damaged a Japanese transport in the East China Sea with 3 of 4 torpedoes fired. 
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09 Mar 1943 WW2 40,000 people attended an event at Madison Square Garden, New York, New York, United States organized by Peter Bergson to raise awareness of the Nazi extermination of European Jews. 
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09 Mar 1944 WW2 Sargent Bay was commissioned into service. 
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09 Mar 1944 WW2 Wedderburn was commissioned into service. 
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09 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Pompon attacked a Japanese convoy in the Dutch East Indies; all 4 torpedoes missed. 
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09 Mar 1944 WW2 USAAF medium and heavy bombers attacked Rabaul, New Britain. This was to be the first of many unescorted raids by multi-engine bombers as the Japanese fighter strength at Rabaul began to be worn down by continuous Allied aerial attacks. 
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09 Mar 1944 WW2 Gusen II, a satellite of Mauthausen Concentration Camp, opened at Sankt Georgen an der Gusen, Austria. Prisoners of Gusen II were used to build underground aircraft and weapons factories. 
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09 Mar 1944 WW2 18 B-25 bombers of the Chinese-American Composite Wing escorted by 24 P-40 fighters attacked a foundry and floating docks at Huangshi, Hubei, China. Japanese fighters of 9th and 25th Sentai rose to intercept, shooting down 2 P-40 fighters. 
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09 Mar 1944 WW2 In a letter to Hermann Göring, Heinrich Himmler noted that by this date, about 36,000 prisoners were employed for various purposes for the Luftwaffe. He informed Göring that plans were being considered to increase the number to 90,000. 
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09 Mar 1944 WW2 One Italian motor torpedo boat attacked the Allied beachhead at Anzio, Italy before dawn, causing no damage. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 Air Group 80 was officially detached from USS Hancock. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 US Third Army captured Andernach, Germany. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Kete attacked a Japanese convoy off Ryukyu Islands, Japan during the night of 9-10 Mar 1945, sinking three transports. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 About 50 fighters and bombers from the US 14th Air Force attacked railroad targets, river and road traffic, bridges, gun positions, and troops at several locations in central China, including the cities of Guiyi, Hengyang, Nanjing, and Xinyang. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Wake Island departed the Iwo Jima, Japan area. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 Light carrier Hosho conducted torpedo evasion exercise; five of the torpedoes used were live. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Seahorse departed for her seventh war patrol. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 German troops launched an offensive toward Striegau, Germany (now Strzegom, Poland). 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 In eastern Pommern, Germany, Colonel General Walter Weiß was relieved of command of failing to halt the Soviet offensive. He was replaced by Dietrich von Saucken. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Sennet arrived at Guam, Mariana Islands, ending her second war patrol. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 Operation Meetinghouse: After sundown and into the early hours of 10 Mar, 279 American B-29 bombers dropped incendiary bombs on Tokyo, Japan and destroyed 267,000 buildings and homes or 41 square kilometers of the city. Americans estimated 88,000 killed, 41,000 injured, and 1,000,000 displaced. Tokyo Fire Department estimated 97,000 killed and 125,000 wounded. Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department estimated 124,711 casualties and 286,358 destroyed buildings and homes. 
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09 Mar 1945 WW2 The BI-7 rocket-powered prototype aircraft took its second flight at Khimki near Moscow, Russia. 
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09 Mar 1947 WW2 Evripidis Bakirtzis passed away on the island of Fournoi Korseon, Greece. 
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09 Mar 1949 WW2 Mikhail Rodionov stepped down as the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR. 
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