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History on the 14th of March

History
Date Text
14 Mar 1559 RELIGIOUS French-born Swiss reformer John Calvin wrote in a letter: 'If your labors, where you now are, are sterile, and if here an abundant harvest awaits them, which is the most forcible tie? the one by which God draws you hither, or the one that detains you there?'
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14 Mar 1908 RELIGIOUS Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary was chartered in Waco, Texas. Originally named Baylor Theological Seminary, the school campus relocated in 1910 to Fort Worth.
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14 Mar 1912 RELIGIOUS Death of Albert L. Peace, 68. One of the noted Scottish organists of his day, Peace composed many cantatas, organ pieces and hymn tunes __ including the enduring ST. MARGARET, to which the Church today sings George Matheson's "O Love That Will Not Let Me Go."
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14 Mar 1914 WW2 The Japanese-controlled Ryojun Naval District (previously known as Port Arthur; now Lushunkou, Liaoning Province, China), Kwantung Leased Territory in northeastern China was downgraded to a third echelon military port. 
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14 Mar 1926 WW2 Haichou supported Nationalist troops at Shanghai, China during the Northern Expedition campaign. 
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14 Mar 1927 WW2 Yingrui arrived at Shanghai, China. 
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14 Mar 1932 WW2 League of Nations representatives arrived in Shanghai, China in an attempt to force the Japanese to negotiate with the Chinese for a ceasefire. 
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14 Mar 1935 WW2 Germany re-established conscription into the armed forces. 
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14 Mar 1937 WW2 HMS Bedouin (L67) was commissioned into British Royal Navy service with Commander J. A. McCoy in command. 
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14 Mar 1937 WW2 The Vatican City announced that Germany had broken various clauses of the agreement signed between the two countries on 20 Jul 1933. 
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14 Mar 1937 WW2 The 9th Extraordinary All-Azerbaijani Congress of Soviets approved the new constitution. 
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14 Mar 1937 RELIGIOUS English Bible expositor Arthur W. Pink wrote in a letter: 'Neither the nearness nor the remoteness of Christ's return is a rule to regulate us in the ordering of our temporal affairs. Spiritual preparedness is the great matter.'
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14 Mar 1938 WW2 The French government reassured the Czechslovakian government that France would honor the terms of the alliance in the event of a German invasion. 
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14 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler arrived in Vienna in the recently annexed Austria region of Germany. The visit to Vienna, the Austrian capital, was intended to be for the first day of the occupation, but it was delayed until this date because Heinrich Himmler's organization could not complete the rounding up of all suspected elements in the city, and that many Heinz Guderian's tanks had broken down since crossing the German-Austrian border that slowed the progress of the military occupation of the region. In Britain, Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain noted that little could have been done in the previous few days to alter Hiter's intended course regarding Austria. 
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14 Mar 1938 WW2 The Japanese 10th Division, 10,000 men in strength, began an offensive from Shandong Province in China toward Jiangsu Province to the south. The first clashes took place on the same day at Tengxian in Jiangsu Province. 
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14 Mar 1939 WW2 The Martin Maryland medium bomber took its first flight. Built to a USAAC specification, the Maryland was only ever employed by France and Britain. It would be the first US supplied bomber to be used by the RAF in North Africa. 
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14 Mar 1939 WW2 Slovakia and Ruthenia declared independence from Czechoslovakia; as Czechoslovakia had fallen into pieces, the United Kingdom and France considered it to be the evidence that Czechoslovakia no longer existed as a nation, thus they no longer had any alliance obligations to the now defunct nation. During the day, Czechoslovakian President Emil Hácha traveled by train to Berlin, Germany to conduct last-minute negotiations with Adolf Hitler to save his country. 
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14 Mar 1940 WW2 The Finnish Parliament met and debated over the ratification of Moscow Peace Treaty. 
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14 Mar 1940 WW2 The first of the over 450,000 Finnish civilians in the territories ceded to Russia per the Moscow Peace Treaty began to move into Finland. Some of them burned their homes to the ground to leave as little to the conquerors as possible. 
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14 Mar 1940 WW2 According to Alfred Jodl's diary entry for this date, Adolf Hitler was actively searching for excuses that would justify the planned invasion of Norway. 
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14 Mar 1940 WW2 HMS Eagle suffered an accidental bomb explosion while off the Nicobar Islands, killing 14 and damaging many aircraft. 
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14 Mar 1940 WW2 Viktor Abakumov was promoted to the rank of State Security Major. 
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14 Mar 1940 WW2 First "bombe" decipher machine became operational at Bletchley Park in England, United Kingdom. 
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14 Mar 1940 WW2 British Foreign Minister Lord Halifax began to ask Finland to return some of the supplies that the British had given to Finland for the Winter War. He retracted the request shortly after Finnish Ambassador to London G. A. Gripenberg reminded him that Finland had paid for the relatively small amount of goods that Britain offered. 
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14 Mar 1941 WW2 Battleship Bismarck began embarking supplies at Scheerhafen, Kiel. 
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14 Mar 1941 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at Honolulu, US Territory of Hawaii; among the passengers disembarked was Kita Nagao, the newly appointed Japanese Consul General to hawaii. 
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14 Mar 1941 WW2 Seeing the Greeks had repeated repulsed Italian attacks in the past few days, Italian Chief of the Supreme Command General Ugo Cavallero recommended Benito Mussolini to halt the Primavera Offensive. On the same day, 5 British Swordfish torpedo bombers from Paramythia, Greece struck Vlorë, Albania, sinking Italian hospital ship Po and ship Santa Maria at the loss of one aircraft. 
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14 Mar 1941 WW2 Italian submarine Emo sank British ship Western Chief 250 miles south of Iceland, killing 22. 
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14 Mar 1941 WW2 203 German bombers bombed Glasgow and Clydebank, Scotland, United Kingdom for the second night in a row, damaging shipyards and the Rolls Royce aircraft engine factory. 
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14 Mar 1941 WW2 The British Admiralty placed an order for a new battleship (to a design by Sir Stanley Goodall) to be built at Clydebank, Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-404 sank US collier Lemuel Burrows 5 kilometers southeast of Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States at 0828 hours; 20 were killed, 1 survived. U-124 set British tanker British Resource on fire with a torpedo 260 miles north of Bermuda at 2118 hours; 46 were killed, 5 survived. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Astoria was assigned to Task Force 17. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-67 sank Panamanian tanker Penelope 200 miles west of Dominica at 0200 hours; 2 were killed, 47 survived. In the same general area, U-67 sank Canadian ship Sarniadoc, killing the entire crew of 21. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 6 British motor torpedo boats and 3 motor gunboats unsuccessfully attacked German armed merchant cruiser Michel off Dover, England, United Kingdom at 0300 hours. At dawn, British destroyers HMS Blencathra, HMS Calpe, HMS Fernie, HMS Walpole, and HMS Windsor led motor torpedo boats for another attack; Michel was able to escape once again with slight damage and 1 killed, while HMS Fernie and HMS Walpole were also damaged. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 Italian submarine Mocenigo sank French vessel Ste. Marcelle 17 miles east of Gibraltar. Further east, at 1323 hours, British submarine HMS Ultimatum sank Italian submarine Millo off Calabria, Italy with four torpedoes; 55 were killed, 15 survived (14 of whom were captured by HMS Ultimatum). At 1700 hours, German submarine U-133 struck a mine and sank two hours after departing her base at Salamis Island, Greece; all 45 aboard were killed. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 9 Japanese bombers attacked Port Moresby, Australian Papua while 5 bombers attacked the airfield on Horn Island, Queensland, Australia. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 Adolf Hitler ordered the German naval and air forces to focus on hitting the Allied Arctic convoys. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 The US Navy transferred the 40th Reconnaissance Squadron to US Army's 19th Bomb Group at Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 Tenryu departed Rabaul, New Britain. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 Naka was named the flagship for the Christmas Island invasion force. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 US Air Force 51st Pursuit Squadron, originally destined for Java in the Dutch East Indies, arrived at Karachi, India. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 Douglas MacArthur arrived at Del Monte Airfield in Bukidnon province, Mindanao, Philippine Islands. 
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14 Mar 1942 WW2 Submarine Whale was launched at Mare Island Navy Yard in Vallejo, California, United States, sponsored by the wife of Captain A. D. Denny, the commanding officer of the shipyard. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 The advance echelon of US Marine Aircraft Group 21 arrived at Banika Island, Russell Islands, Solomon Islands. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 F4F Wildcat fighters of US Marine Aircraft Group 21 arrived at Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands one day after the arrival of their pilots; some aicraft were lost en route or during landing due to poor weather. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 Aircraft of the US 8th Air Force bombed Kiel, Germany. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 USS Grayback fired three torpedoes at a Japanese transport in the South Pacific; all torpedoes missed. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 The BI-3 rocket-powered prototype aircraft took its second flight at Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg), Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 Germans recaptured Kharkov, Ukraine. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 Allied convoy RA-53 arrived at Loch Ewe, Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 The first production Hurricane Mk. IV fighter, KX405, was completed. 
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14 Mar 1943 WW2 George Kenney had lunch with publishers Henry and Clare Boothe Luce in Washington DC, United States. 
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14 Mar 1944 WW2 The US Navy announced that USS Corvina was missing and presumed lost with 82 aboard. 
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14 Mar 1944 WW2 Repair ship Akashi dispatched divers to inspect damage below the water line for patrol vessel PB-102 at Palau Islands. 
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14 Mar 1944 WW2 United States Marine Corps Squadron VMB-413 equipped with PBJ-1 bombers (B-25 Mitchell bombers which had been purchased by the US Navy but subsequently transferred to the Marine Corps) commenced combat operations from Stirling Island, New Hebrides. Ultimately the USMC would form sixteen B-25 Squadrons, nine of which would see action in World War II. 
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14 Mar 1944 WW2 US Joint Chiefs of Staff ordered Emirau Island to be taken, bypassing New Ireland in the South Pacific. 
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14 Mar 1944 WW2 William Slim requested Louis Mountbatten to divert aircraft originally assigned to fly the Hump to instead bring men and supplies to Imphal, India. Mountbatten agreed, diverting 30 transport planes to bring the Indian 5th Division to Imphal and Dimapur, India. 
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14 Mar 1944 WW2 One Italian motor torpedo boat attacked the Allied beachhead at Anzio, Italy before dawn, causing no damage and suffering no losses. 
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14 Mar 1944 WW2 "Barbarigo" naval infantry battalion of Italian Navy Xa MAS arrived at Anzio, Italy and was placed under the command of German 715th Division. 
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14 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Whale departed Midway Atoll for her seventh war patrol. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 A new pocket of German troops was formed near Braunsberg, East Prussia, Germany (now Braniewo, Poland). 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 The German attack against the Hungarian oil fields near Lake Balaton and Budapest was halted. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Kete attacked a Japanese cable-laying ship off Ryukyu Islands, Japan. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Tunny placed over 230 mines in waters in the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 Lieutenant Gordon H. McDaniel of the US 318 Fighter Squadron, 325th Fighter Group, flying P-51 fighter "Mary Mac" achieved six kills (all Fw 190 fighters) during a single mission in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Wake Island arrived at Ulithi, Caroline Islands. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Missouri departed Ulithi, Caroline Islands. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 US Navy Task Force 58 departed Ulithi, Caroline Islands to provide indirect support for the campaign against Okinawa, Japan. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 A British No. 617 Squadron RAF Lancaster bomber commanded by Squadron Leader C. C. Calder dropped a 22,000-pound Grand Slam bomb on the Bielefeld viaduct, breaking two spans. It was the first time the Grand Slam bomb was used in combat. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 Donald Bryan, flying a P-51 fighter, shot down 1 of the 11 Ar 234B-1 jet bombers attacking the Ludendorff Bridge at Remagen, Germany. Hauptman Hans Hirshberger failed to bail out and was killed in the crash; this was his first and final combat mission. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 The island of Iwo Jima was declared conquered by Chester Nimitz, noting that "all powers of government of the Japanese Empire in these islands are hereby suspended", but fighting would continue. 
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14 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Springer attacked a Japanese patrol boat in the East China Sea, but the torpedo missed. 
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14 Mar 1946 WW2 Werner von Blomberg passed away. 
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14 Mar 1946 WW2 Prichett was decommissioned from service. 
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14 Mar 1946 WW2 At the Nuremberg Trials, Hermann Göring said that the Spanish Civil War was used by the Luftwaffe to test out newly designed equipment and to battle-harden its personnel. 
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14 Mar 1946 WW2 USS Mero arrived at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, California, United States and was assigned to the 19th Fleet. 
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14 Mar 1947 WW2 Dong Zhao was awarded the Order of Resplendent Banner 3rd Class. 
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14 Mar 1961 RELIGIOUS The New Testament of the New English Bible was simultaneously published by both the Oxford and Cambridge University Presses. (The complete Old & New Testament of the NEB was published in 1970.)
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