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History on the 15th of March

History
Date Text
15 Mar 1729 RELIGIOUS A Ceremony of Profession was held for Sister St. Stanislaus Hachard at the Ursuline convent in New Orleans, thereby making her the first Catholic woman to become a nun in America.
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15 Mar 1839 RELIGIOUS Scottish clergyman Robert Murray McCheyne wrote in a letter: 'All my ideas of peace and joy are linked in with my Bible; and I would not give the hours of secret converse with it for all the other hours I spend in this world.'
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15 Mar 1875 RELIGIOUS In New York City, at St. Patrick's Cathedral, Archbishop John McCloskey, 65, became the first American to be named a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
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15 Mar 1916 WW2 Quintin Brand became a pilot under training with the special reserve of the British Royal Flying Corps. 
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15 Mar 1916 WW2 Bruce Fraser was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-commander. 
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15 Mar 1916 WW2 The keel of destroyer Kashi was laid down at Maizuru Naval Arsenal, Japan. 
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15 Mar 1930 WW2 Tatsuta Maru was completed. 
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15 Mar 1932 WW2 Josias was promoted to the rank of SS-Gruppenführer. 
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15 Mar 1933 WW2 The Hakenkruez (Eagle-Swastika symbol) was introduced as part of the German military helmets. 
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15 Mar 1935 WW2 In the Hohnstein trial in Dresden, Germany, members of the SA organization who staffed the Hohenstein Concentration Camp were sentenced to prison for mistreating concentration camp prisoners; in Nov of the same year, they were all pardoned without exception. 
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15 Mar 1935 WW2 Nobutake Kondo was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Navy Combined Fleet. 
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15 Mar 1935 WW2 Do 18A prototype flying boat took its maiden flight. 
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15 Mar 1937 WW2 Werner Mölders was named the squadron leader of the 1st Squadron of Jagdgeschwader 334. 
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15 Mar 1937 WW2 Italian General Mario Roatta halted his advance on Guadalajara, Spain to regroup. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Mingzhang Wang passed away. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Stalin's rival, Nikolai Bukharin, was shot following his conviction as a counter-revolutionary terrorist. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Fleet Landing Exercise No. 4 at Culebra, Puerto Rico was completed; it was the largest landing exercise participated by the United States Marine Corps to date. On the same date, the exercise Fleet Problem XIX began in US Territory of Hawaii, also participated by US Navy and US Marine Corps personnel. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Salmon was commissioned into service. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 At a speech in the Heldenplatz in Vienna, Adolf Hitler formally announced the "re-unificatrion" of Austria with the rest of Germany. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler stayed at the Hotel Imperial in Vienna, Austria. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 2,000 Chinese troops of the 364th Brigade dug in at Tengxian in Jiangsu Province in China, 75 miles north of the city of Xuzhou, against a 10,000-strong Japanese offensive. The Chinese bolstered its ranks by beginning to conscript and train nearly 1,000 police, militiamen, and other able-bodied men from the region. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 The Soviet Military Collegium sentenced former VCheKa member Valentin Trifonov to death; Trifonov was executed within hours. 
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15 Mar 1939 WW2 Erwin Rommel was made the commanding officer of Hitler's headquarters during Hitler's visit of the recently annexed Czechoslovakia. 
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15 Mar 1939 WW2 At 0115 hours, Czechoslovakian President Emil Hácha met with Adolf Hitler, who was accompanied by Wilhelm Keitel, Hermann Göring, Joachim von Ribbentrop, and Theodor Morell, in Berlin, Germany. Hitler threatened Hácha that German forces were poised to invade Czechoslovakia at 0600 hours, so it was up to Hácha to either agree to a peaceful occupation or face a destructive invasion. At 0215 hours, Hitler left the conference room, and Göring and Ribbentrop continued to threaten Hácha with, among other things, the bombing of Prague. Hácha fainted twice during the negotiations, and both times were revived by injections by Dr. Morell. Hácha gave in at 0355 hours, and German troops marched across the borders at 0600 hours unopposed. In the evening, Adolf Hitler entered Prague in a grand parade. During the day in eastern Czechoslovakia, Hungarian forces marched into Ruthenia, ending the one-day-old nation of Capatho-Ukraine. 
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15 Mar 1940 WW2 In Romania, King Carol granted amnesty to members of the fascist Iron Guard party after they swore allegiance to him. 
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15 Mar 1940 WW2 British RAF bombers dropped propaganda leaflets over Warsaw, Poland. 
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15 Mar 1940 WW2 The Finnish parliament ratified the Moscow Peace Treaty, 145 votes for and 3 votes against. 
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15 Mar 1940 WW2 British Royal Navy armed merchant cruiser HMS Kanimbla impounded Soviet steamer Vladimir Mayakovsky, which was carrying American copper and bound for Germany, in the Sea of Japan. 
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15 Mar 1940 WW2 HMS Eagle arrived at Singapore for repairs for damage caused by the accidental explosion of 14 Mar 1940. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 Indian 4th and 5th Divisions attacked Italian positions at 0700 hours near Keren, Eritrea, Italian East Africa, capturing hilltops on either side of the gorge after an entire day of fighting in which both sides suffered heavy casualties. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 US shipping company American Export Lines announced that it would stop taking orders from Lisbon, Portugal because there were too many refugees waiting in its ports. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 Japanese troops launched an offensive towards Shanggao, Jiangxi Province, China. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 Belgian politicians formed the cross-party resistance organization Independence Front at Liege. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 Battleship Bismarck received two aircraft at Scheerhafen, Kiel. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 German battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau attacked an Allied convoy 950 miles east of Nova Scotia, Canada, sinking 3 tankers (killing 7, most of the survivors were captured) and capturing 3 tankers. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 German submarine U-124 made rendezvous with armed merchant cruiser Kormoran 650 miles southwest of Cape Verde Islands and received 7 torpedoes and other supplies. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 German submarine U-110 detected Allied convoy-112, consisted of 41 merchant ships escorted by 7 warships, and shared the finding with U-37, U-74, U-99, and U-100. Overnight, U-110 set British tanker Erodona on fire with a torpedo, killing 36, but she would be towed to Iceland for repairs. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 Italian Navy's Special Weapons Section of 1a Flottiglia MAS, based at La Spezia in Italy, was renamed 10th MAS Flotilla, which served only as a cover name as the special forces function of the unit would not change. 
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15 Mar 1941 WW2 Benjamin Kelsey was promoted to the war time rank of major. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 US Army General MacArthur departed Philippine Islands by B-17 bomber for Australia. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 Adolf Hitler predicted a victory over the Soviet Union by the end of the summer of 1942. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 British cruisers HMS Dido and HMS Euryalus bombarded the Greek island of Rhodes. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 British tanker British Resource, fatally damaged by German submarine U-124 on the previous day, sank. After dawn, a PBO-1 Hudson aircraft flying cover for Allied convoy ON-72 sank German submarine U-503 245 miles southeast of St. John's, Newfoundland, killing the entire crew of 51. At 0604 hours, U-158 sank US tanker Olean 15 kilometers southeast of Swansboro, North Carolina, United States; 6 were killed, 36 survived. At 0722 hours, U-158 struck again in the same area, sinking US tanker Ario; 7 were killed, 26 survived. Italian submarine Tazzoli sank British ship Athelqueen 270 miles east of Palm Beach, Florida, United States (3 were killed, 46 survived), but would collide with the wreck of Athelqueen, forcing her to end her patrol early for repairs in Bordeaux, France. At about 1200 hours, U-161 sank US Coast Guard lighthouse tender Acacia with her surface guns; all 36 aboard survived and were rescued by destroyer USS Overton. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 Harold Alexander admitted to Joseph Stilwell that the British had only 4,000 well-equipped fighting men in Burma. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-161 sank US Coast Guard lighthouse tender Acacia with her surface guns south of Haiti; all 36 aboard survived. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 Soviet submarine ShCh-210 became missing while operating off Cape Shabla, Bulgaria; she had likely struck a Romanian naval mine. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 US Air Force 67th Pursuit Squadron arrived at New Caledonia, along with a force of 45 P-40 fighters. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 German motor torpedo boats attacked British coastal convoy FS749 20 miles off the English coast in the North Sea, with S-104 sinking British destroyer HMS Vortigern; 110 were killed, 14 survived. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 Nine Japanese bombers attacked Madang, Australian Territory of New Guinea. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 Tenryu arrived at Buka island, Bougainville, Solomon Islands. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 Kaga departed Staring Bay near Kendari, Celebes, Dutch East Indies. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 At Auschwitz I Concentration Camp, 28 prisoners died in the hospital. At Auschwitz II-Birkenau, SS guards killed 131 prisoners without reason before noon, and in the afternoon about 250 prisoners (including 103 Soviet prisoners of war) died from wounds sustained during torture. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 The Heito Prisoners of War Camp, also known as Taiwan Prisoners of War Camp No. 3, was closed in southern Taiwan. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 Nachi arrived at Mako, Pescadores Islands, Taiwan. She departed later on the same day. 
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15 Mar 1942 WW2 German motor torpedo boats attacked British coastal convoy FS749 20 miles off of England, United Kingdom in the North Sea, sinking destroyer HMS Vortigern; 110 were killed, 14 survived. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 Greek Jews from Salonika and Thrace were deported to concentration camps. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 The British Royal Navy launched the first of the X-class midget submarines. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 Chindits under British Major Calvert and Major Fergusson crossed the Irrawaddy River in Burma. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 Germany and Finland signed a trade agreement. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 Italian submarine Leonardo da Vinci sank Canadian Pacific liner Empress of Canada off of the coast of Sierra Leone. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 The US submarine Triton was sunk by Japanese destroyers whilst on patrol off the Admiralty Islands. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 The US 1st Marine Raider Regiment was organized for operations on Dragons Peninsula, New Georgia, Solomon Islands. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 The US Marine Corps 10th Defense Battalion began to arrive in the Russell Islands, Solomon Islands to relieve the 11th Defense Battalion. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 36 P-40L fighters of USAAF 33rd Fighter Group, while escorting a flight of B-25 bombers en route to Mezzouna, Tunisia, shot down 3 of a group of German fighters attempting to intercept. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 USS S-28 began conducting sound tests and anti-submarine warfare exercises with the Canadian Navy and Air Force at Esquimalt, British Columbia, Canada. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters in Tokyo, Japan issued the Joint Army-Navy Central Agreement on Southeast Asia Operation order, which was largely a defensive plan with the only offensive element being the re-establishment of air superiority over Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 Captain Keizaburo Okano was named the commanding officer of Irako. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 The keel of Shamrock Bay was laid down by the firm Kaiser Shipyards in Vancouver, Washington, United States. 
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15 Mar 1943 WW2 George Kenney had dinner with Arde Bulova, chairman of the watch making firm bearing his family name, in Washington DC, United States. Kenney convinced Bulova to donate 100 gold watches to award outstanding aircraft crew chiefs, who did not qualify for medals. Bulova would also give Kenney a watch of his own, with inscription "To Buccaneer, as a token of my admiration and respect, Arde Bulova". 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 Zhukov's 1st Ukrainian Front reached the Bug River, the start line for Operation Barbarossa that began the Russo-German war. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 RAF bombers attacked Stuttgart, Germany, dropping over 3,000 tons of bombs from 863 bombers, of which 36 were lost. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 German troops gathered on the Hungarian border. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Tunny arrived in the Palau Islands. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 After dark, the Japanese 15th Division crossed the Chindwin River in Burma toward India as part of the second wave of the Japanese offensive. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 Joseph Stilwell ordered the Chinese 22nd Division to attack the ridge of Jambu Bum in northern Burma. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Flying Fish damaged a Japanese tanker off Okinawa, Japan, hitting her with 1 of 4 torpedoes fired. She would pursue the tanker into the next day. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 Robert Johnson was promoted to the rank of captain. On the same day, he shot down a Fw 190 and a Bf 109 aircraft over Dümmer Lake, Germany. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Acetylene Generation and Oxygen Manifold building turned over to station. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 At 0830 hours, the third major Allied attempt to attack Monte Cassino, Italy began with a heavy bombardment that lasted more than three hours. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 Masafumi Arima was assigned to the aviation section of the Navy Ministry. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 Tirpitz began post-repair trials at Barbrudalen (Kåfjord) and Altafjord, Norway. 
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15 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Shamrock Bay was commissioned into service, Captain Frank T. Ward, Jr. in command. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 US First Army was unable to further expand the Remagen bridgehead in Germany due to enemy resistance. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 Soviet 1st Ukrainian Front began an offensive near Ratibor, Germany (now Racibórz, Poland). 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 Prince Edward, the Duke of Windsor and the former King of the United Kingdom, resigned as the British governor of the Bahamas. This position was succeeded by Sir William Lindsay Murphy. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Tunny departed Ryukyu Islands, Japan. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 American warships of Task Force 92 bombarded Japanese installations on Matsuwa, Kurile Islands. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Sea Robin arrived at Subic Bay, Philippine Islands and took on supplies. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 Vice Admiral Kanji Ugaki was named the commanding officer of the Japanese Navy 12th Air Fleet. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Guitarro arrived at Fremantle, Australia, ending her fourth war patrol. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 Albert Speer wrote a letter to Adolf Hitler in an attempt to dissuade him from destroying German infrastructure. This letter would be presented to Hitler three days later. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 Soviet 4th Tank Army launched a main attack against the Germans in Silesia, Germany (now Poland). 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 Anglo-Indian troops surrounded Fort Dufferin in Mandalay, Burma. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 American bombers dropped 25,000 incendiary bombs and 6,000 high explosive bombs on the German army general staff headquarters at Zossen, Germany. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 The Inrin Prisoners of War Camp in central Taiwan was closed. 
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15 Mar 1945 WW2 Two German V-2 rockets fell in the River Thames near the Ford factory in Dagenham, London, England, United Kingdom, causing no injuries. 
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15 Mar 1946 WW2 The Greek Civil War began. 
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15 Mar 1946 WW2 Nikolai Voznesensky stepped down as the First Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union. 
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15 Mar 1946 WW2 Georgy Malenkov stepped down as the deputy of the Soviet Council of Commissars. 
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15 Mar 1946 WW2 Joseph Stalin renamed all Soviet commissariats to ministries. 
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15 Mar 1947 WW2 Joseph McNarney stepped down as the commanding general of US Forces in the European Theater. 
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15 Mar 1950 RELIGIOUS American missionary and martyr Jim Elliot wrote in his journal: 'The believer is a displaced person. He loses the controlling features of both environment and heredity.'
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15 Mar 1953 RELIGIOUS The first Southern Baptist church in North Dakota was formed in Williston, with 12 charter members. (The North Dakota Southern Baptist Association was formed the following year with five member churches.)
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