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History on the 17th of March

History
Date Text
17 Mar 1734 RELIGIOUS Forty-two families of German Protestant refugees landed in the American colonies. Sponsored by the British Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge (SPCK), the 78 religious pilgrims soon founded the town of Ebenezer, 30 miles from Savannah, Georgia.
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17 Mar 1789 RELIGIOUS Birth of Charlotte Elliott, English devotional writer. An illness at age 33 left her an invalid her remaining 50 years, during which she devoted herself to religious writing. Of her 150 hymns, "Just As I Am" remains popular today.
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17 Mar 1841 RELIGIOUS Birth of James R. Murray, American sacred music editor. A veteran of the American Civil War, Murray is better remembered today as composer of the hymn tune MUELLER, to which we sing the Christmas carol, "Away in a Manger."
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17 Mar 1890 RELIGIOUS Birth of Julius R. Mantey, co-author (with H. E. Dana) of a popular intermediate biblical language grammar. Originally published in 1927, the "Dana & Mantey" New Testament Greek Grammar is still popular, and still in print!
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17 Mar 1897 RELIGIOUS Emilie Grace Briggs became the first woman in America to graduate from a Presbyterian theological school, when she received her Bachelor of Divinity degree from Union Theological Seminary, in New York City.
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17 Mar 1913 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt became the Assistant Secretary of the Navy under US President Woodrow Wilson. 
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17 Mar 1919 WW2 USS Arizona departed Guantánamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba. 
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17 Mar 1919 WW2 Joseph Rochefort was given the rating of Machinist. 
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17 Mar 1923 WW2 Iwane Matsui was promoted to the rank of major general. 
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17 Mar 1923 WW2 Kenkichi Ueda was made the commanding officer of 1st Cavalry Regiment. 
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17 Mar 1933 WW2 Song Ziwen stepped down as the acting chief of the Executive Yuan. 
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17 Mar 1936 WW2 The Armstrong Whitworth Whitley all-metal twin-engine monoplane bomber made its maiden flight. 
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17 Mar 1937 WW2 HMS Hermes departed Singapore. 
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17 Mar 1937 WW2 USS Permit was commissioned into service with Lieutenant Charles O. Humphreys in command. 
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17 Mar 1938 WW2 The Soviet Union requested a meeting with the western powers to limit further German aggression in Europe. Such a meeting would never materialize. 
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17 Mar 1938 WW2 At 0600 hours, Japanese troops began a 2-hour bombardment on Tengxian, Jiangsu Province, China. At 0800 hours, multiple attacks began from all directions of the town. After suffering very high casualties, Japanese troops captured the west and south gates on the city wall by 1700 hours. Chinese troops on the east gate refused to fall back and fought until they could no longer hold the line; they committed mass-suicide by grenades. Overnight, Chinese troops began to withdraw troops out of Tengxian, marching them to the city Xuzhou 75 miles to the south, which was the Japanese main target of the offensive. 
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17 Mar 1939 WW2 Portugal and Spain signed a treaty of friendship and non-aggression. 
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17 Mar 1939 WW2 British Field Marshal Lord Gort told Secretary of State Hore-Belisha that "It would be murder to send our Field Force overseas to fight against a First-class power". 
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17 Mar 1940 WW2 German submarine U-38 torpedoed and sank Danish merchant vessel Argentina east of the Shetland Islands, Scotland, United Kingdom at 2325 hours, killing the entire crew of 33. 
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17 Mar 1940 WW2 Dr Fritz Todt was appointed the German Reich Minister for Armaments and Munitions. 
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17 Mar 1940 WW2 British miners from Nottinghamshire, England voted to forgo vacations to support the war effort. 
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17 Mar 1940 WW2 In the wake of a German raid on Scapa Flow, the British Admiralty admitted that the Home Fleet base was vulnerable to air attacks. The fleet was ordered to depart Scapa Flow between 19 and 26 Mar. In anticipation of this move, German submarines U-57, U-19, U-21, and U-22 began to move toward Scapa Flow in an attempt to attack the departing warships. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 US Coast Guard cutter Cayuga delivered American representatives to Greenland in search of suitable locations for bases. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 In Britain, jam and marmelade rationed to 8 ounces per person per month. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 German submarines U-99 and U-100 attacked Allied convoy HX-112 250 miles southeast of Iceland; U-99 sank 2 freighters and three tankers, while damaging another tanker. At 0318 hours, destroyers HMS Walker and HMS Vanoc depth charged U-100, forcing her to surface, then HMS Vanoc rammed U-100; as U-100 sank, 38 were killed, including commanding officer Kapitänleutnant Joachim Schepke. At 0343 horus, HMS Walker dropped 6 depth charges on U-99, killing 3 and forcing her to surface from heavy damage. U-99 was scuttled by her crew. 6 U-100 and 40 U-99 officers and men were captured by the British, including U-99's commanding officer Korvettenkapitän Otto Kretschmer. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 Battleship Bismarck departed Kiel, arriving at Gotenhafen on the same day. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 Lieutenant General Erwin Rommel sent a message to the besieged Italian garrison at Giarabub in southeastern Libya, asking the troops to hold on for a few more weeks and promising that his forces would arrive in relief in that time. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 Frenchman Francois Scornet, 22, became the only civilian to be executed by firing squad in Jersey of the Channel Islands throughout the German occupation. Scornet was one of 16 young Army Cadets who had fled France in a small boat with the intention of joining the Free French forces in England, United Kingdom. Lost in rough weather, they sailed into Guernsey, Channel Islands believing it to be the Isle of Wight and were captured. As an example to other escapees, Scornet was picked out as the ringleader and shot. After the war his remains were reinterred in his home village in Brittany, France. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 German armed merchant cruiser Kormoran and submarine U-124 made rendezvous with cruiser Admiral Scheer 1,150 miles southwest of Cape Verde Islands. U-124 transferred quartz aboard Admiral Scheer for her radar; although planned, the transfer of torpedoes from Kormoran to U-124 was canceled due to rough seas. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 German submarine U-106, after tracking Allied convoy SL-68 for the past two days, struck 250 miles west of Dakar, French West Africa at 2107 hours, sinking British ship Andalusian and Dutch ship Tapanoeli. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 British 11th African Division captured Jijiga, Abyssinia, Italian East Africa unopposed. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 HMS Dianthus was commissioned into service with Lieutenant Commander Clement Bridgman in command. 
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17 Mar 1941 WW2 Richard Saul was made Companion of the Order of the Bath. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 Douglas MacArthur arrived in Australia. On the same day, the first 3 American Kittyhawk squadrons began operations in Australia. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 Britain introduced rationing of fuels and electricity. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-404 sank British ship San Demetrio off the east coast of the United States at 0216 hours; 19 were killed, 32 survived. U-124 sank Greek freighter Kassandra and Honduran freighter Ceiba (44 were killed, 6 survived) at 0226 hours off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, United States; US tanker Acme was also damaged during this attack. On the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, U-68 sank British freighters Ile de Batz at 0635 hours (4 were killed, 39 survived), Scottish Prince at 1326 hours (1 was killed, 38 survived), and Allende at 2103 hours (6 were killed, 33 survived) off Liberia and French West Africa. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 The Tutuila airfield in American Samoa was completed. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 Three Japanese destroyers depth charged USS Permit in Tayabas Bay in southern Luzon, Philippine Islands, causing minor damage. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Wasp collided with destroyer USS Stack in foggy weather at 0650 hours off the east coast of the United States, causing flooding in the boiler room of the destroyer. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-373 sank Greek ship Mount Lycabettus at 1508 hours, killing all 30 aboard. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-71 sank Norwegian tanker Ranja at 1858 hours, killing all 34 aboard. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 No. 75 Squadron RAAF, flying Kittyhawk fighters, departed Australia for Port Moresby, Australian Papua. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 Several US B-17 bombers flew from Australia to Port Moresby, Australian Papua in preparation for an attack on Rabaul, New Britain on the following day. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 Tenryu departed Buka island, Bougainville, Solomon Islands. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 British submarine Unbeaten sank Italian submarine Guglielmotti between Sicily and Calabria in Italy at 0640 hours, killing 46. Unbeaten surfaced and captured 12 survivors before being driven off by Italian aircraft; Italian torpedo boats rescued another 12 survivors. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 Shokaku departed Yokosuka, Japan for Staring Bay, Celebes, Dutch East Indies to join Operation C. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at Yokosuka, Japan. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 Nachi arrived at Sasebo, Japan and was detached from Cruiser Division 5. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Grayback sank Japanese collier Ishikari Maru 20 kilometers south of Kikajima island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. 
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17 Mar 1942 WW2 In Aktion Reinhard, Jews from Lublin, Poland were sent to the nearby Belzec concentration camp. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 90 Luftwaffe bombers attacked Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 Bulgaria stated its opposition to the deportation of Bulgarian Jews. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 US troops captured Gafsa, Tunisia. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 Graffiti along the lines of "we are obliged to the Führer for this" was found among ruins of bombed German cities. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 The US Marine Corps 10th Defense Battalion completed taking over the duties of the 11th Defense Battalion in the Russell Islands, Solomon Islands. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 US Marine Scout-Bomber Squadron 243 arrived at Johnston Island from Ewa, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 The main body of the Northern Group of the Chindits arrived at the confluence of the Irrawaddy and Shweli Rivers in Burma; they began to cross at nightfall. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 USS Pompon was commissioned into service with Lieutenant Commander E. C. Hawk in command. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 Indian troops fell back from Japanese attacks along the Arakan front in Burma. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Part of Marine Fighting Squadron 215 (VMF-215) and Marine Fighting Squadron 222 (VMF-222) departed. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 Nachi refueled from oiler Teiyo Maru at Paramushiro (Paramushir), Kurile Islands. 
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17 Mar 1943 WW2 George Kenney and Richard Sutherland met with Franklin Roosevelt at the White House in Washington DC, United States. Later on the same day, Roosevelt called in Kenney for a second meeting, during which Kenney successfully lobbied for additional aircraft to be assigned to the USAAF in Australia. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 Soviet troops captured Dubno, Ukraine, a major transportation hub. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 German submarine U-371 sank US troop transport Dempo in the Mediterranean Sea, killing 498. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 The first American bombing on Vienna, Austria from Italy took place. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 Soviet troops advanced near the Romanian border. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 Finland rejected the Soviet peace proposal. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 Japanese and Anglo-Indian troops clashed at Tonzang, Burma. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Columbia arrived at Emirau, Bismarck Islands to support the landings. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Eighteen aircraft (Model F6F-5), officers and men of Night Fighting Squadron 77 (VF(N)-77) arrived on board. 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 New Zealand troops captured the train station at Cassino, Italy. Nearby, Indian Gurkha troops captured Point 435 (nicknamed Hangman's Hill). 
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17 Mar 1944 WW2 Edward Brooks became the commanding officer of the US 2nd Armored Division at Tidworth Barracks near Salisbury, England, United Kingdom. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 The bridge at Remagen, Germany, which had served the Allies so well, collapsed after repeated being bombed by German Ar 234 jet bombers. Twenty-eight American engineers trying to strengthen the structure were swept away to their deaths. Meanwhile, US Third Army captured Koblenz, Germany. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 Eisenhower ordered Patton to cease making plans to enter German-occupied Czechoslovakia. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 1,260 Allied heavy bombers hit 2 synthetic oil plants in Germany while 650 medium bombers attacked the rail system. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 Chinese 6th Army captured Hsipaw, Burma. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 The Indian 5th Division arrived in the Meiktila, Burma area. To the south, Anglo-Indian troops again assaulted Fort Dufferin in Mandalay, Burma in failure, suffering heavy casualties. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 German troops evacuated Kolberg, Germany (now Kolobrzeg, Poland) by sea. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 331 US B-29 bombers destroyed 7 square kilometers of Kobe, Japan; 8,841 were killed and 650,000 were displaced. The US attack also heavily damaged submarine I-15, which was under-construction at Kobe, nearly completed. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Spot attacked a Japanese convoy in the East China Sea, sinking one ship and damaging another; 16 torpedoes were expended in this attack. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 German V-2 rocket hit 212 Finchley Road near Borough Central Library in Hampstead, London, England, United Kingdom. Aside from the library, 1,000 homes, the telephone exchange, the lighting station, Council's Work Depot, Warden's Post No. 16, and Women's Vountary Service offices were damaged. Another rocket hit the Rippleway sidings in Barking, London at 2230 hours. 
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17 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Alabama departed Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington, United States. 
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17 Mar 1946 WW2 Dai Li passed away in an aircraft accident in Nanjing, China. 
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17 Mar 1946 WW2 USS Cabrilla completed exercises in the Panama Canal Zone. 
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