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History on the 25th of March

History
Date Text
25 Mar 0001 RELIGIOUS Roman Church historian Dionysius Exiguus (ca.500_550), in calculating his history of the Christian Church, took this day as the supposed date of the Annunciation. March 25th afterward became the first day of the calendar year, until the Gregorian Calendar Reform of 1753 changed the day to January 1st.
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25 Mar 1533 RELIGIOUS During one of his recorded "Table Talks," German reformer Martin Luther declared: 'That the Creator himself comes to us and becomes our ransom - this is the reason for our rejoicing.'
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25 Mar 1634 RELIGIOUS The Catholic Church gained a foothold in colonial America when the ships "Dove" and "Ark" arrived in Maryland with 128 Catholic colonists, selected by Cecilius Calvert, second Lord Baltimore. The colony was under the leadership of Leonard Calvert, Lord Baltimore's brother.
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25 Mar 1912 WW2 Yoshijiro Umezu was promoted to the rank of captain. 
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25 Mar 1917 WW1 Begin of Battle of Jebel Hamlin
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25 Mar 1918 WW2 US Navy Ensign John F. McNamara, operating from RNAS Portland, Dorset, England, United Kingdom, became the first US naval aviator to make an attack on an enemy submarine. 
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25 Mar 1919 WW2 USS Arizona departed Trinidad. 
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25 Mar 1924 WW2 Greece proclaimed itself a republic. 
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25 Mar 1925 WW2 John Logie Baird gave the first public demonstration of television at Selfridges department store in London, England, United Kingdom. 
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25 Mar 1927 WW2 Akagi was commissioned into service. 
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25 Mar 1938 WW2 The Evian Conference, called for by US President Franklin Roosevelt, was held in Evian, France to discuss the arrangement of homes for Jewish refugees who had fled from Germany. Ultimately the conference would result in nothing. 
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25 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler gave a speech at Königsberg, Germany; the approval of the annexation of Austria was his main concern. 
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25 Mar 1938 WW2 Chinese troops stumbled upon the Japanese artillery position near Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province and scattered Japanese gun crews, forcing the Japanese to move 1,000 men and 20 light tanks from the main assault force to deal with this surprise. 
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25 Mar 1938 WW2 Submarine Scirè entered Italian Navy service. 
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25 Mar 1939 WW2 British cruiser HMS Phoebe was launched by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company in Govan, Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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25 Mar 1939 WW2 Lanciere was commissioned into service. 
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25 Mar 1939 WW2 Slovakian forces resumed their counterattack against the invading Hungarian forces. Hungarian aircraft raided the Slovakian airfield at Spisská Nová Ves, killing 13. 
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25 Mar 1939 WW2 German intelligence chief Wilhelm Canaris reported to Adolf Hitler that his agents had detected Polish troop movements on the Polish border with Danzig. Hitler met with Army chief Walther von Brauchitsch regarding this latest development in his attempt to acquire Danzig. 
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25 Mar 1939 WW2 Japanese troops defeated the Chinese 102nd Division west of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China. 
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25 Mar 1940 WW2 Hungarian Prime Minister Pál Teleki met with Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano; Teleki voiced neutrality for Hungary. 
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25 Mar 1940 WW2 Swiss inteliigence warned Norway regarding evidence of a German invasion, but Norway chose to ignore the warning. 
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25 Mar 1940 WW2 French Prime Minister Reynaud wrote to the British War Cabinet, proposing ideas to undermine any possibility of further Soviet expansion in Scandinavia. British Prime Minister Chamberlain refused to cooperate as he refused to build hostility with the Soviet Union. 
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25 Mar 1940 WW2 The British government forbade captured servicemen to participate in enemy propaganda radio broadcasts. 
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25 Mar 1940 WW2 German submarine U-47 sank Danish steamer Britta 30 miles north of Scotland at 0540 hours, killing 13. 5 survivors were rescued by Danish steamer Nancy. 
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25 Mar 1940 WW2 German submarine U-57 sank British tanker Daghestan 9 miles east of Orkney Islands, Scotland at 0811 hours, killing 3. 29 survivors were picked up by armed anti-submarine trawlers HMS Northern Wave and HMS Brontes. 
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25 Mar 1940 WW2 The United States gave contractors to the US Army Air Corps the authority to sell to anti-Axis governments the most modern types of combat aircraft. 
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25 Mar 1940 WW2 By this date, the strength of the Japanese counteroffensive near Wuyuan, Suiyuan Province, China had grown to 3,000 men with artillery and aircarft support. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 British and Indian troops attacked Italian positions on the heights above the Dongolaas Gorge in Eritrea, Italian East Africa at 0300, capturing 2 small hills and 500 prisoners by 0530 hours, gaining control of the road through the gorge. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 German armed merchant cruiser Thor sank British liner Britannia 750 miles west of Freetown, Sierra Leone, British West Africa. 203 crew and 281 passengers (most of which were British military personnel) took to lifeboats. Thor began to rescue the survivors, but after taking on only one man, Thor detected British radio transmissions and fled the area before British warship arrived (which never came). 255 survivors of Britannia would be lost. Later on the same day, Thor sank Swedish merchant ship Trolleholm, capturing the entire crew of 31. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 German armed merchant cruiser Kormoran captured empty Canadian tanker Canadolite in the Mid-Atlantic about halfway between British West Africa and Brazil; Canadolite was sent to Brest, France as a prize ship. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 Italian destroyers Crispi and Sella departed Leros, Dodecanese Islands in Greece, each carrying three 2-ton motor assault boats loaded with 300-kg explosives. At 2330 hours, the destroyers released the motor boats 10 miles off Suda Bay, Crete, Greece to attack British warships. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 Rodolfo Graziani stepped down as the Governor-General of Italian Libya, succeeded by Italo Gariboldi. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 Two Swordfish aircraft squadrons of HMS Eagle were temporarily transferred to Port Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 Prime Minister Dragisa Cvetkovic of Yugoslavia signed the Tripartite Pact at Vienna, Austria; in secret, Yugoslavia had also allowed German troops to travel on Yugoslavian railroads for an attack on Greece. Upon hearing of the signing of this document, anti-Axis demonstrations escalated in Belgrade. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 Captain Kiichi Hasegawa was assigned the commanding officer of Akagi. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 Petre Dumitrescu was named the commanding officer of Romanian 3rd Army. 
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25 Mar 1941 WW2 Jams and marmalade ration in Britain was reduced to 8 ounces per person per month and meat ration cut to 6 ounces per person per week. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 US Navy Admiral King ordered a base to be established at Efate, New Hebrides. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarine U-552 attacked Norwegian tanker Ocana 100 kilometers southwest of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada at 0413 hours; 53 were killed, 4 survived; Ocana would remain afloat and burning for several days until scuttled by gunfire. At 0609 hours, U-105 sank British tanker Narragansett 400 miles east of Hampton Roads, Virginia, United States, killing all 49 aboard. Far out to sea, 530 miles east of Newfoundland, U-94 attacked British tanker Imperial Transport, causing the crew to abandon ship, but the men would reboard the ship by 2030 hours and continue the journey. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 The US 1st Marine Brigade (Provisional) arrived in New York, United States from Iceland; the unit was disbanded immediately upon arrival. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 Allied convoy PQ-9 ran into a storm west of Norway; ice accumulated on British whaler HMS Sulla, causing her to gain too much top weight, eventually capsizing her; all 21 aboard were killed. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 The main Japanese offensive against Taungoo, Burma began at 0800 hours, striking northern, western, and southern sides of the city nearly simultaneously. Fierce house-to-house fighting would continue through the night. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 254 RAF Bomber Command aircraft (192 Wellington, 26 Stirling, 20 Manchester, 9 Hampden, and 7 Lancaster aircraft) attacked Krupp iron works and factories at Essen, Germany; 5 civilians were killed, 11 were wounded. The British lost 5 Manchester, 3 Wellington, and 1 Hampden aircraft. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 Joseph Rochefort's cryptanalytic team in Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii intercepted a Japanese Navy message that mentioned a campaign against a location with code name RZP. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed Tokuyama, Japan and arrived at Kure, Japan. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Permit fired three torpedoes at a Japanese transport in the Dutch East Indies; all three torpedoes missed. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Grayback fired a torpedo a Japanese patrol vessel in the Philippine Sea off Ryukyu Islands, Japan; the torpedo missed. 
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25 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Washington departed Casco Bay near Portland, Maine, United States. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 Greek partisans captured Samos Island from the Italian garrison, albeit only temporarily. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 The Spanish foreign ministry announced the closure of its border with France and stopped with refugee from cross into Spain without transit papers. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 Indian 4th Division overran the Mareth Line in Tunisia. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 Russian fighter Ace Grigori Rechkalov received his first (of two) award of Hero of the Soviet Union while serving as a senior lieutenant with the 16th GvIAP. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 The Japanese offensive at Bougainville in the Solomon Islands was halted. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 The No. 5 Column of the Chindits, under Bernard Fergusson, made rendezvous with Orde Wingate's main body at Shaukpin Chaung river bed in Burma. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 Lieutenant Ralph Marcus Wallace was named the commanding officer of HMCS Trillium. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 A Japanese reconnaissance flight over Henderson Field, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands discovered about 300 Allied aircraft at the base. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 US bombers attacked Nauru for the first time. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 USS Whale spotted a Japanese ship and began tracking her off Saipan, Mariana Islands. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 USS Wahoo sank freighter Satsuki Maru in the Yellow Sea with two torpedoes (both of which missed) and her deck gun. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 The keel of submarine Barbero was laid down by the Electric Boat Company in Groton, Connecticut, United States. 
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25 Mar 1943 WW2 George Kenney attended the posthumous Medal of Honor award ceremony for Brigadier General Kenneth Walker at the White House in Washington DC, United States. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 Hitler allowed German 1.Panzerarmee to break out west of Lvov, Ukraine. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 US declared Manus, Admiralty Islands secure. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 Churchill's recommendations to bomb German V-weapon sites were turned down by Eisenhower, who preferred to place priority on transportation and communications hubs. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Gar fired six torpedoes on a Japanese ship; all torpedoes missed. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Pollack sank Japanese Submarine Chaser No. 54 and damaged two freighters in the Nanpo Islands area, Japan; ten torpedoes were expended in this attack. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 The Hungarian Council of Ministers approved several anti-Semitic policies, including a law requiring Jews to wear the yellow Star of David to be effective on 5 Apr 1944. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 At Lingga, Dutch East Indies, Shokaku became the flagship of Admiral Ozawa Jisaburo's Third Fleet and the Mobile Fleet. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 811 RAF bombers raided Berlin, Germany; 122 aircraft were lost. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 The 3rd Battalion of the Japanese 60th Regiment attacked Allied positions at Sangshak, India. Meanwhile, Louis Mountbatten requested the Anglo-American Combined Chiefs of Staff for more aircraft to supply Imphal, India, which would be denied. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Whale set sail for East China Sea. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 184 Jews who had been recently arrested from their hiding places in the Hague in the Netherlands arrived at Auschwitz Concentration Camp. 
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25 Mar 1944 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt arrived at Hyde Park, New York, United States. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Sargent Bay arrived in Okinawa. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Tirante sank Japanese tanker Fuji Maru. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 US First Army finally broke out of Remagen bridgehead in Germany. 140 kilometers to the north, British Second Army captured Wesel, Germany. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 Retreating USAAF personnel blew up the Laohokow air base in China to prevent Japanese capture. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 British General Montgomery issued a non-fraternization order as British troops entered Germany. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Wake Island arrived about 100 kilometers south of Okinawa, Japan. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 Winston Churchill, accompanied by Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery, crossed the Rhine River in Germany, visiting HQ 21st Army Group and delivered a characteristic message to officers and men. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 Maximilian von Weichs stepped down as the commanding officer of German Armeegruppe F. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Springer arrived at Guam, Mariana Islands, ending her first war patrol. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Finback arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her twelfth and final war patrol. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 Tadamichi Kuribayashi passed away on Iwo Jima, Japan. He reportedly committed ritual suicide, but his body was never found. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 18 US A-20 bombers from Luzon, Philippine Islands attacked a factory at Kyoshito District (now Qiaotou District), Takao (now Kaohsiung), Taiwan. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 German V-2 rocket hit Whitfield Street in St Pancras, London, England, United Kingdom in the late afternoon, killing 9 and seriously injuring 46. The Whitfield Memorial Chapel at Tottenham Court Road was badly damaged. In the evening, at 2300 hours, another rocket hit Broadfield Square in Enfield, London, killing 7 and seriously injuring 100. 
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25 Mar 1945 WW2 The second FR Fireball prototype aircraft was destroyed in a crash. 
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25 Mar 1946 WW2 Tranquility was decommissioned from service. 
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25 Mar 1946 WW2 HMS Activity was sold to the civilian firm Glen Lines; she was to be renamed Breconshire. 
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25 Mar 1946 WW2 USS Iowa returned to the United States from Japan. 
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25 Mar 1946 WW2 Rudolf Hess' attorney Dr. Alfred Seidl brought evidence concerning the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact to the war crimes trial in Nürnberg, Germany. The evidence would not be allowed to be entered. 
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25 Mar 1951 RELIGIOUS American missionary and martyr Jim Elliot reflected in his journal: 'When it comes time to die, make sure that all you have to do is die.'
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25 Mar 1953 RELIGIOUS A group of 22 Southern Baptist military personnel, stationed at Rapid City, met to form the Calvary Baptist Church , the first Southern Baptist congregation established in South Dakota.
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24th March 26th March
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