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History on the 30th of March

History
Date Text
30 Mar 1135 RELIGIOUS Birth of Moses Maimonides, medieval Jewish scholar. Considered the foremost Talmudist of the Middle Ages, his most important writing was "Guide to the Perplexed" (1190), in which he tried to harmonize Rabbinic Judaism with the increasingly popular Aristotelianism of his day.
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30 Mar 1492 RELIGIOUS The Jews were expelled from Spain by Inquisitor_General Tom's Torquemada (Spanish Inquisition).
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30 Mar 1771 RELIGIOUS English founder of Methodism John Wesley wrote in a letter: 'Suffer all, and conquer all.'
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30 Mar 1863 RELIGIOUS Ownership of Wilberforce University in Ohio was transferred to the African Methodist Episcopal Church. The school had been founded seven years earlier by the Methodist Episcopal Church.
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30 Mar 1911 WW2 Settsu was launched at Kure Naval Arsenal, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan. 
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30 Mar 1912 WW2 France established a full protectorate over Morocco. 
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30 Mar 1916 WW2 Quintin Brand received Royal Aero Club Certificate No. 3949. 
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30 Mar 1917 RELIGIOUS All imperial lands, as well as lands belonging to monasteries, were confiscated by the Russian provisional government.
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30 Mar 1918 WW2 George Patton was promoted to the temporary rank of lieutenant colonel. 
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30 Mar 1919 WW2 Joseph Rochefort was assigned to the passenger ship Koningin der Nederlanden. 
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30 Mar 1926 WW2 Chuichi Nagumo was named the commanding officer of gunboat Saga. 
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30 Mar 1932 WW2 Atago was commissioned into service. 
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30 Mar 1936 WW2 Quintin Brand received the Order of Ismail from the Egyptian government. 
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30 Mar 1937 WW2 Kichisaburo Nomura stepped down as a Naval Councilor on the Supreme War Council. 
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30 Mar 1938 WW2 For the first time in the Battle of Tai'erzhuang, Chinese aircraft appeared, destroying 11 vehicles with fighters and attacked troop concentrations with bombers. They were, however, unable to counter the Japanese dive bombers that attacked the northwestern sector of the town in the afternoon. 
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30 Mar 1938 WW2 Benito Mussolini created the new military rank of First Marshal of the Empire for himself and King Vittorio Emanuele III thereby empowering himself with the joint High Command of all Italian armed forces. 
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30 Mar 1939 WW2 British Ambassador in Poland Howard Kennard offered Poland a British-French-Polish agreement in which the three countries would mutually guarantee each others' borders; this agreement arose from the build-up of tension between Germany and Poland over Danzig. The Soviet Union was purposely excluded from the negotiations per Polish demands. 
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30 Mar 1939 WW2 German pilot Hans Dieterie flew the Heinkel He 100 V8 at 463.82 mph to set a new world air speed record. 
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30 Mar 1939 WW2 Japanese troops occupied the Spratly Islands (Japanese: Shinnan Shoto) in the South China Sea. They were to be administered by Japanese authorities in Taiwan. The Japanese Navy would soon built a seaplane base and a submarine base on the island of Itu Aba (Japanese: Nagashima). 
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30 Mar 1940 WW2 Germany supplied weapons to the Soviet Union. 
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30 Mar 1940 WW2 Winston Churchill acknowledged Soviet neutrality in the European War. 
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30 Mar 1940 WW2 French Minister of Defense Daladier persuaded the French War Committee not to ratify British proposal to mine the Rhine River. British responded by threatening to abandon the plan to mine Norwegian waters. 
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30 Mar 1940 WW2 Japanese troops began to evacuate Wuyuan, Suiyuan Province, China. 
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30 Mar 1940 WW2 Japan installed a puppet government in Nanjing, China under the leadership of Wang Jinwei. 
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30 Mar 1940 WW2 Finland ceded territory to Russia. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 Construction of defenses for the US Navy base at Palmyra and Jonston Islands began. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 An aircraft carrying British Air Marshal Arthur Tedder crash-landed in the Western Sahara; Tedder was not injured. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 German submarine U-69 sank British ship Coultarn 300 miles southwest of Iceland at 0734 hours, killing 3. 39 survivors were later picked up by British armed merchant cruiser HMS California. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 British submarine HMS Rorqual sank Italian tanker Laura Corrado 33 miles northwest of Trapani, Sicily, Italy with torpedoes and the deck gun. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 Erwin Rommel ordered German 5th Light Division commander General Johannes Streich to capture Mersa Brega, Libya. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 Italian submarine Dagabur attacked British cruiser HMS Bonaventure, escorting Allied convoy GA-8, in the Mediterranean Sea between Crete, Greece and Egypt at 2027 hours. The attack failed to damage the British ship. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 German submarine U-124 sank British ship Umona 90 miles southwest of Freetown, Sierra Leone, British West Africa at 2300 hours. 102 were killed and 5 survived. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 The British RAF launched 109 aircraft after sundown to attack German cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau at Brest, France. 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 In a lengthy speech in the Cabinet Room of the Chancellery in Berlin, Germany, Hitler told his assembled commanders of his intention to "exterminate" communism "for all time". 
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30 Mar 1941 WW2 At a conference in Washington DC, United States, the US and the United Kingdom agreed on military coordination in the event of US entry into the war. In accordance to another agreement made in the conference, the Americans seized 2 German, 26 Italian, and 35 Danish ships in US ports; 850 Italian and 63 German officers and men were imprisoned. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 Captain Takayanagi conducted armament trials at a range of 23 miles, observed by Admiral Yamamoto, in the Inland Sea. The trials were judged a failure. Both Takayanagi and his gunnery officer were upbraided because gun aimers manning the main rangefinder misread the horizontal settings. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 The Allies created multiple theaters of the war, with US responsible for the Pacific Ocean, UK for the area between Singapore and the Mediterranean, and both US and UK in the Atlantic Ocean. The US Joint Chiefs of Staff further divided the Pacific Ocean into two sub-theaters, with US Navy in charge of the North and Central Pacific under Nimitz and US Army in charge of the Southwestern Pacific under MacArthur. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 During the night, 32 British Halifax bombers from three bases in Scotland attacked German battleship Tirpitz to little effect. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 German armed merchant cruiser Thor attacked British freighter Wellpark in the South Atlantic at 1400 hours, which was later scuttled by demolition charges; 7 were killed, 41 survived. At 2243 hours, U-68 sank British transport Muncaster Castle 200 miles south of Liberia; 24 were killed, 329 survived. To combat such attacks in the South Atlantic, US Army engineers arrived at Ascension Island on this day to began building an airfield; upon completion, it would be named Wideawake Field. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 German submarines U-209 and U-376 attacked British Induna of Allied convoy PQ-13 at 0552 hours (41 survived the sinking, but 11 would die in the freezing water and 2 more would die in the hospital after being rescued); U-209's attack failed, but U-376 would sink Induna at 0807 hours; 38 were killed, 28 survived. At 1035 hours, U-456 and U-435 also attacked the convoy, stopping US transport Effingham; 2 were killed, 41 survived (some of the survivors would die of exposure before being rescued); the transport was scuttled by U-435 at 1219 hours. German submarine U-585, en route to attack PQ-13 as well, struck a German mine and sunk 72 miles north of Murmansk, Russia, killing all 44 aboard. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 Japanese 55th Division attacked Taungoo, Burma at dawn, capturing it without resistance as the Chinese 200th Division had evacuated the city overnight. To the west, British 7th Armoured Brigade broke through the Japanese roadblock at Shwedaung, but suffered tank destroyed on the nearby bridge over the Irrawaddy River, blocking traffic. Shortly after, Japanese-sponsored Burma National Army attacked the British troops while the British attempted to maneuver around the disabled tank, killing 350 with as many losses. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 In a broadcast to India, Sir Stafford Cripps said that it was the desire of the British that India should have full self-government and, to that end, India had been requested to send a representative to join the War Cabinet and the Pacific Council of the United Nations. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 Tenryu provided cover for the landings at Shortland island, Solomon Islands. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 USS Sturgeon sank Japanese transport ship Choko Maru 20 miles southwest of Celebes, Dutch East Indies. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed Yokohama, Japan. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 Japanese bombers attacked American field hospital No. 1 at Bataan, Philippine Islands at 0730 hours despite the large red crosses painted on the building's roof, killing 15. In the evening, Japanese radio broadcast an apology for this attack. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 French Jews began arriving at Auschwitz Concentration Camp, with the first transport originating from Compiegne. 
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30 Mar 1942 WW2 Soviet fighters shot down two He 111 bombers of 1. Staffel of the III. Gruppe of German Luftwaffe KG 27 over Kerch, Russia. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 RAF bombed the Philips factory in Eindhoven, the Netherlands. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 British General Montgomery's troops breached the Mareth Line in North Africa. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 US 1st and 9th Infantry Divisions attacked Italian positions at Hill 369 near El Guettar, Tunisia to little success. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 The British super-gun "Bruce" (named after Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser-the recently appointed C-in-C Home Fleet) was fired for the first time from the RM Siege Battery area behind St. Margarets at Cliffe, Kent, England, United Kingdom. It achieved a range of 62.5 miles vindicating the predictions of the ballistics experts. Unfortunately after 30 shots the rifling on the inside of the barrel was worn so that the ribbed shells failed to "catch" in the grooves. The result was that "Bruce" was unable to make any further contribution to the war effort. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 British light cruiser HMS Glasgow intercepted German blockade runner Regensburg, whose crew scuttled the ship. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 Satoru Anabuki, flying Ki-43 fighter "Fubuki", shot down two Hurricane fighters over Mindon, Burma, increasing his score to 26. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Parts of Marine Fighting Squadron 215 (VMF-215) departed. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 Irako transited the Bungo Strait between Shikoku and Kyushu, Japan with patrol boat PB-46 in escort. 
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30 Mar 1943 WW2 A transport of 2,501 Jews from Thessaloniki, Greece arrived at Auschwitz Concentration Camp in Poland. 312 men and 141 women were registered, while the remaining 2,048 were gassed. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 Adolf Hitler fired Paul von Kleist and Erich von Manstein, replacing them with Ferdinand Schörner and Walter Model. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 A 795-plane air raid (572 Lancaster, 214 Halifax, and 9 Mosquito) against Nürnberg, Germany; 82 aircraft were lost on the way to the attack, and a further 12 were lost on the return flight; nearly 700 lives were lost by the RAF. This was Bomber Command's heaviest single loss of the war. German casualties included 69 civilians and 59 foreign slave laborers. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 On the fatal Nürnberg, Germany raid, one of the aircraft was flown by British Pilot Officer Cyril Barton of 578 Squadron. Badly shot up on the way to the target, his Halifax bomber managed to bomb the target and made its way back to England before his fuel ran out. Barton sucessfully crash-landed his aircraft on dead engines, thus saving his crew, but was so fatally wounded himself that he died on his way to hospital. Barton was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 US troops landed on Pityilu, Admiralty Islands. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 Submarine Caiman was launched, sponsored by sponsored by Mrs. R. C. Bonjour. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Tunny performed lifeguard duties in the Palau Islands for airmen of the Fifth Fleet. Shortly after noon, she was mistaken for a Japanese submarine and was attacked, causing some damage. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Iowa joined Task Force 58. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho departed the Inland Sea in Japanese waters. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 Repair ship Akashi sustained numerous bomb and rocket hits from US carrier aircraft and sank in shallow water north of Urukthapel Island, Palau Islands. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Flying Fish attacked a Japanese transport off Okinawa, Japan; all 4 torpedoes fired missed. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 Paul von Kleist was awarded Swords to his Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross medal. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 Japanese troops besieged Imphal, India. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 USS Alabama escorted US carriers as carrier aircraft attacked Japanese positions at Palau, Yap, Ulithi, and Woleai in the Caroline Islands. 
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30 Mar 1944 WW2 US Navy listed USS Grayback as missing and presumed lost with all hands. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 US First Army attacked Paderborn, Germany. Beyond the German front lines, US aircraft harassed retreating German columns, destroying 246 trucks and 241 railway wagons. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 Soviet troops marched into Danzig, taking 10,000 prisoners of war and capturing 45 submarines. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 German Armeegruppe Weichsel (Vistula) evacuated its last Oder River bridgehead from Wollin, Germany. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 Soviet troops crossed the Hron and Nitra Rivers in Czechoslovakia and crossed into occupied Austria near Koszeg, Hungary. They were now 50 miles from Vienna, Ostmark, Germany. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Sea Robin detected a group of six Japanese destroyers in the South China Sea just off Hainan, China. She fired 3 and then 6 torpedoes, but all 9 torpedoes missed. She survived 20 minutes of depth charging after the attack. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Pintado arrived at Fremantle, Australia, ending her fourth war patrol. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Chub rescued three American airmen off Yulikan Bay, Hainan island, China. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 Indian 19th Division captured Kyaukse, 20 miles south of Mandalay, Burma. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 USAAF bombers bombed German ports of Hamburg, Bremen, and Wilhelmshaven. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 Commandant of the SS castle of Schloß Wewelsburg in Büren, Germany, Siegfried Taubert, abandoned the castle as US 3rd Armored Division approached. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 Jewish women being led to their deaths at the Ravensbrück Concentration Camp in Germany fought against their SS guards in an attempt to escape. Nine of them got away, but they were soon captured and were killed with the rest of the group. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller was mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht daily radio report. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 Georgy Zhukov was awarded the Order of Victory for the second time. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 US aircraft attacked a railway linking Shoka (now Changhua) and Taichu (now Taichung), Taiwan. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt arrived at Warm Springs, Georgia, United States. 
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30 Mar 1945 WW2 USS Pompon departed Midway Atoll for her eighth war patrol. 
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30 Mar 1946 WW2 Over 1,000 Germans were arrested by the Allied occupation administration for the attempt to re-organize the Nazi Party. 
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29th March 31st March
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