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History on the 3rd of April

History
Date Text
03 Apr 1917 WW2 King Karl of Austria-Hungary and his Foreign Minister Ottokar Czernin visited the German Kaiser, ostensibly to complain about the declaration of unrestricted U-boat warfare, but secretly to press for the need for peace. 
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03 Apr 1917 WW2 USS Arizona completed post-shakedown overhaul and departed Brooklyn Navy Yard, New York, United States. 
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03 Apr 1922 WW2 Joseph Stalin was appointed the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party. 
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03 Apr 1924 WW2 S-18 was commissioned into service. 
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03 Apr 1924 WW2 Roza Shanina was born in the village of Yedma, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. 
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03 Apr 1929 WW2 RMS Queen Mary was ordered. 
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03 Apr 1929 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt gave a 30-minute-long radio address as the governor of New York, United States; he would come to use this medium to communicate with his supporters for the remainder of his career. 
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03 Apr 1935 WW2 Jiang Dingwen was promoted to the rank of general second class. 
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03 Apr 1938 WW2 Lerida, Catalonia, Spain surrendered to Spanish Nationalist forces. 
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03 Apr 1938 WW2 Major fighting in Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province, China caused hundreds of civilian deaths. Unable to secure permission to withdraw from the city, Chinese General Sun Liren promised his men that he would remain in the city with the rest of the troops. 
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03 Apr 1939 WW2 The US Congress granted US$300,000,000 for the purchase of 3,200 new military aircraft over the next two years. 
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03 Apr 1939 WW2 Adolf Hitler, on his own authority, ordered the armed forces to prepare "Case White" for the invasion and occupation of the whole of Poland later in the summer. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 Katyn Massacre: Over 20,000 Polish police, military officers, and intellectuals were massacred by the Soviet NKVD. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 Winston Churchill was appointed to chair a committee for war policy in Neville Chamberlain's cabinet. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 A pro-Axis government came to power in Iraq. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 German supply ships began departing for the invasion of Norway. The British cabinet was warned of this action and the German concentration of troops within hours. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 Submarine Orzel departed Rosyth, Scotland, United Kingdom to patrol the coast off Kristiansand, Norway. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 Flight Lieutenant Ryder of No. 41 Squadron RAF became the first RAF pilot to be shot down on home defence duties when he ditched his Spitfire fighter in the sea off Redcar, England, United Kingdom after bringing down a Heinkel 111 bomber. Ryder and the German crew were picked up safely. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 Chinese troops secured the Wuyuan region in Suiyuan Province, China. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 A British Short Sunderland flying boat on patrol off Norway attacked by six Junkers Ju 88 aircraft successfully shot one down, forced another to land immediately and drove the rest off. 
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03 Apr 1940 WW2 The keel of submarine Grayback was laid down by the Electric Boat Company in Groton, Connecticut, United States. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 Overnight, RAF unsuccessfully attacked German cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau at Brest, France, but some German naval officers were killed when a bomb struck the Continental Hotel in the city. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 Axis troops marched toward Benghazi, Libya. British troops evacuated the city per General Philip Neame's orders. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 German aircraft conducted a heavy raid on Bristol, England during the night. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 Pál Teleki passed away. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 Italian Admiral Mario Bonetti's fleet of 5 destroyers and smaller warships, which had sailed out of Massawa, Italian East Africa on the previous day, was detected and attacked by a force of British aircraft. Without air cover, one by one the Italian ships became so damaged by bomb hits that they had to be abandoned. The last survivor, the torpedo boat Orsini, tried to flee back to Massawa but being badly damaged by the British air attacks, she eventually settled and had to be scuttled before reaching the port. With British ground forces only an hour away from entering the port the remaining Italian ships there (Acerbi and half a dozen small MAS boats) were destroyed with demolition charges. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 Winston Churchill recommended Richard O'Connor as the new British commander in Libya, but O'Connor declined. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 German submarine U-76 sank Finnish ship Daphne 150 miles south of Iceland, killing both crew members. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 British submarine HMS Tigris sank German tanker Thorn 100 miles southwest of Saint-Nazaire, France. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 German bombers sank British munitions ship Northern Prince 17 miles west of Crete, Greece. All crew members survived. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 The Iraqi Parliamentary government was overthrown by the military coup d’état that began two days prior. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 HMS Argus and HMS Ark Royal, ferrying 12 Hurricane fighters and 3 Skua dive bombers, successfully launched them to reinforce Malta, completing Operation Winch. 
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03 Apr 1941 WW2 Winston Churchill warned Joseph Stalin (via the Soviet ambassador in London, England, United Kingdom) German troop movements into Poland detected by British intelligence. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 German submarine U-552 sank US collier David H. Atwater with her deck gun 10 miles off Chincoteague Inlet, Virginia, United States at 0340 hours; 24 were killed, 3 survived. German submarine U-754 sank US freighter Otho 150 kilometers east of Hampton Roads, Virginia, United States, killing 31 of 53 aboard. In the South Atlantic, German raider Thor forced the crew of Norwegian ship Aust to abandon ship and sank her with gunfire. At 2331 hours, U-505 sank US ship West Irmo 200 miles off Ivory Coast, French West Africa; 10 were killed, 90 survived. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 Aviation pioneer Charles Lindbergh began working on Ford's B-24 Liberator production line at Detroit, Michigan, United States as a consultant. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 Admiral Chester Nimitz was confirmed as the Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Ocean Area. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-17 sank British ship Glenshiel in the Indian Ocean at 0340 hours; all aboard survived. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 Soviet destroyer Shaumian ran aground and was wrecked off Gelendzhik in southern Russia. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 German submarine U-702 became missing in the North Sea 100 miles off the Norwegian coast; all 44 aboard were never seen again. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 Allied convoy QP-9 arrived at Reykjavik, Iceland without any losses. At Murmansk, Russia, German aircraft sank British merchant ship Empire Starlight, British merchant ship New Westminster City, and Polish merchant ship Tobruk; Soviet ship was also damaged in the attack. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 Six B-17 bombers of the US 10th Air Force based in Asansol, India attacked Rangoon, Burma, setting three warehouses on fire; one aircraft was lost in this attack. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 Naka arrived at Bantam Bay, Java, Dutch East Indies under tow by Natori. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 Shokaku entered the Indian Ocean. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 The 10th MAS Flotilla special forces unit of the Italian Navy was relocated from La Spezia, Italy to nearby Muggiano. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 After a heavy artillery and aerial bombardment from 0900 to 1500 hours, Japanese troops launched an attack on the Bataan Peninsula in Philippine Islands, penetrating the lines held by the Filipino 41st Infantry Division. 
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03 Apr 1942 WW2 German bombers attacked Murmansk, Russia, sinking Polish ship Tobruk and British ships New Westminster City and Empire Starlight in the harbor. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 German Fw 190 fighters strafed Eastbourne, England, United Kingdom. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 US 1st Infantry Division captured Hill 369 near El Guettar, Tunisia. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 USS Tunny set sail for Namonuito, Caroline Islands. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 Destroyer Yuzuki rescued the survivors of sunken tanker Arima Maru. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 The US submarine Pickerel was depth charged and sunk by Japanese warships north of Honshu, Japan. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 The Indian Army Medical Corps was formed by amalgamating the Indian Medical Services, the Indian Medical Department and the Indian Hospital Corps. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 Oberleutnant Josef Luxenburger, Hauptmann Wilhelm Mylius, and Oberfeldwebel Fraz Placzek of the German Kampfgeschwader 55 wing were awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 Admiral Yamamoto and his staff departed Truk, Caroline Islands for Rabaul, New Britain on two Kawanishi H8K flying boats to supervise Operation I-GO from 7 to 14 Apr 1943, expecting to return to flagship Musashi on 19 Apr 1943. They arrived at Rabaul at 1340 hours. 
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03 Apr 1943 WW2 USS Sunfish arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her second war patrol. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 Operation Tungsten: 41 British Barracuda dive bombers attacked German battleship Tirpitz, scoring 15 hits. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho departed Saipan, Mariana Islands. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 Aircraft from HMS Activity and HMS Tracker sank German submarine U-288 in the Barents Sea. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 USS Cero departed Brisbane, Australia for her fourth war patrol. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 Shokaku arrived at Lingga, Dutch East Indies. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 USS Franklin arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 USS Wake Island departed Karachi, India. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 General Montagu Stopford ordered Major General R. P. L. Ranking to move the Indian 161st Brigade from Kohima to Dimapur in India. Ranking believed this was a bad move as Kohima would be a Japanese target, and appealed to William Slim; Slim sided with Stopford. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 USS Pollack damaged passenger-cargo ship Tosei Maru in the Nanpo Islands area, Japan, hitting her with two of four torpedoes. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 Evelyn Sharp passed away near Middleton, Pennsylvania, United States. 
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03 Apr 1944 WW2 Condemning the oppression of the Stalin regime, Viktor Kravchenko, a member of the Soviet Lend-Lease Purchasing Commission, announced his defection to the New York Times. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 Soviet 2nd Ukrainian Front penetrated the German defensive lines between Wiener Neustadt and Neusiedler Lake, advancing toward Vienna, Austria. Major Carl Szokoll, a leader of the Austrian resistance, met with Soviet authorities about cooperation in Vienna to prevent the city's destruction. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 General of Infantry Wilhelm Hasse replaced Walther Nehring as the commander of the German 1.Panzerarmee. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 British Second Army arrived at Münster, Germany while the US Ninth Army captured Recklinghausen. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 US First Army captured Fulda and Kassel, Germany. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 German rocket troops were converted to regular troops and joined the German 5th Army Corps. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 Allied troops captured Hengelo, the Netherlands. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 Special attack boats of Japanese Navy Shinyo Squadron 22 sank American gunboat LCI(G)-82 at Okinawa, Japan. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Wake Island was struck by two or three Japanese special attack aircraft, causing damage but little casualties. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 The US coastal minesweeper YMS-71 struck a mine and sunk off Sanga Sanga, Borneo. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 US 45th Infantry Division captured Aschaffenburg, Germany. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Sennet departed Guam, Mariana Islands for her third war patrol. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 Troops of British Special Boat Service and Italian 28th Garribaldi Brigade captured islands in Lake Comacchio in northern Italy. 
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03 Apr 1945 WW2 68 American B-29 bombers attacked the Koizuimi aircraft factory and the urban areas of Tokyo, Japan. 
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03 Apr 1946 WW2 Masaharu Homma passed away. 
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03 Apr 1949 WW2 Israel signed an armistice with Jordan to de-escalate the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, also known as the Israeli Independence War. 
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