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History on the 11th of April

History
Date Text
11 Apr 1506 RELIGIOUS The foundation stone of the new St. Peter's Basilica was laid under the patronage of Julius II. (The church was not completed, however, until 1626.)
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11 Apr 1834 RELIGIOUS Birth of Marcus Dods, Scottish clergyman and biblical scholar. His published works in New Testament studies helped popularize modern biblical scholarship in Great Britain.
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11 Apr 1836 RELIGIOUS English philanthropist George Mueller opened his famous orphanage on Wilson Street in Bristol. (By 1875, Mueller's orphanage was providing care for over 2,000 children.)
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11 Apr 1911 WW2 Haiqi departed Shanghai, China for Britain. 
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11 Apr 1913 WW2 Settsu departed Inchon, Korea to patrol the South China Sea along the Chinese coast. 
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11 Apr 1915 WW1 Begin of Battle of Shaiba
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11 Apr 1917 WW2 Milton Miles enlisted in the United States Navy. 
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11 Apr 1917 WW1 Begin of Battle of Shiala
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11 Apr 1921 WW2 USS R-1 was ordered to join the Pacific Fleet. 
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11 Apr 1921 WW2 USS R-5 departed the east coast of the United States. 
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11 Apr 1928 WW2 He Yingqin was made a member of the finance committee. 
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11 Apr 1932 WW2 In response to the strike held by workers at the Teikovo Calico works outside Moscow, Russia, which was begun on 8 Apr 1932 in response to decreased food rations, a march was organised to a local town to petition the party authorities for food. When one of the strikers delivered an impromptu speech calling for the workers to overthrow the Soviet regime, security troops stormed the mob and arrested ringleaders identified by GPU spies. 
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11 Apr 1932 WW2 Major General Yoshishige Shimizu was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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11 Apr 1933 WW2 Battle of the Great Wall: Japanese troops captured Lengkou of the Great Wall. 
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11 Apr 1934 WW2 The pocket battleship Deutschland sailed from Kiel, Germany as a part of the spring manoeuvres. On board were Hitler and his leading army and navy commanders. It was thought that during the voyage Minister of Defence Blomberg nominated Hitler as a candidate for the Presidency (and thus making him Supreme Commander of the Army). 
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11 Apr 1938 WW2 Prince Kotohito, Chief of Japanese Army General Staff, signed Directive No. 11 authorizing the use of poison gas in the Inner Mongolia region of China. 
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11 Apr 1939 WW2 The NA-40B prototype aircraft was destroyed in a crash during testing at Wright Field, Ohio, United States. The entire crew survived the crash. 
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11 Apr 1940 WW2 British submarine HMS Spearfish damaged the German pocket battleship Lützow, knocking it out of action for one year as one of the six torpedoes fired nearly ripped off the German ship's stern. Not realizing Lützow was unescorted, Spearfish fled from the action as soon as she fired her torpedoes. 
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11 Apr 1940 WW2 In Norway, the German 196th Division moved north from Oslo up the Gudbrandsdal and Østerdal valleys in an attempt to link up with the German forces in Trondheim. In an attempt to halt the German advances, RAF attacked the Stavanger airfield in southern Norway. Norwegian Army General Kristian Laake was relieved of command for his failures in the opening chapters of the German invasion; General Otto Ruge took over as his successor. Meanwhile, German collaborator Vidkun Quisling sent a message to King Haakon VII of Norway, asking him to return to Oslo; seeing through his plot to use him as a puppet, the king chose to ignore the request. Seeing a lack of response from the king and his government, German bombers attacked the village where they were hiding in a failed attempt to wipe out Norwegian leadership. In Britain, Winston Churchill spoke at the House of Commons and used Norway as an example to urge other smaller neutral European countries to join the Allies before Germany violated their neutrality as well. 
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11 Apr 1940 WW2 British troops occupied the Faroe Islands between Scotland and Iceland. 
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11 Apr 1940 WW2 Cruiser Köln returned from Norway, arriving at Wilhelmshaven, Germany. 
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11 Apr 1940 WW2 In a report to the War Office in London, British General Lord Gort of Limerick, VC, stated that his five regular-army divisions were effective, although not up to the standards of the British Expeditionary Force of 1914. The remaining eight Territorial divisions, he reported were, fit only for static warfare. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 Italian forces redoubled their efforts to link up with units in Albania. In northern Greece, German troops captured Vevi. In the evening, British, Australian, and New Zealand troops engaged German troops in Greece for the first time just south of Vevi, stopping the advance of Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler Regiment at Klidi Pass. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 153 Luftwaffe aircraft bombed Bristol, England, United Kingdom; it was nicknamed the "Good Friday Raid". The city's docks, St Philip's Bridge, and residential areas were damaged. The city tramways power supply line was destroyed by the bomb that hit St Philip's Bridge; it was decided that the damage was too severe to repair and all the tram cars were soon to be scrapped for the war effort; none of the tram cars were preserved for historical purposes. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 Italy and Hungary joined the German invasion of Yugoslavia. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 Erwin Rommel performed a flanking movement in Libya, cutting the road east of Bardia at 1300 hours; all attacks on the city itself, however, were repulsed. On the same day, German aircraft bombed Tobruk harbor, damaging British ship Draco. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 George Patton was made the commanding officer of the 2nd Armored Division. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 German submarine U-124 sank Greek ship Aegeon 200 miles southwest of Freetown, Sierra Leone, British West Africa at 2100 hours; 4 were killed, 27 survived. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 German armored train Atlas arrived at Mönichkirchen, Germany (occupied Austria) to prepare the village for Adolf Hitler's arrival on the following day. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini concluded their four-day meeting at Salzburg in occupied Austria, during which Hitler convinced Mussolini to remain in the war. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 US President Franklin Roosevelt proclaimed that the Red Sea was to be no longer considered as a war zone so as to enable it to be used by American shipping. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 French Lieutenant Alain le Ray became the first Allied serviceman to escape from Colditz Castle, site of the prisoner of war camp Oflag IV-C, in Germany. 
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11 Apr 1941 WW2 Destroyers HMS Jervis, HMS Janus, HMS Nubian, and HMS Mohawk of the British 14th Destroyer Flotilla arrived in Malta to act as a night striking force. 
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11 Apr 1941 RELIGIOUS French-born American Trappist monk Thomas Merton affirmed in his "Secular Journal": 'If we are willing to accept humiliation, tribulation can become, by God's grace, the mild yoke of Christ, His light burden.'
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 Fleet Admiral Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu, former Chief of Naval General Staff, paid a call on Yamato. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 USS Trout damaged Japanese tanker Nisshin Maru 5 miles off the southern coast of Japan. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 American submarine USS Searaven evacuated 33 Australian Army personnel from Timor Island. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 German submarine U-123 damaged US tanker Gulfamerica within 5 kilometers of Jacksonville, Florida, United States at 0422 hours, killing 19 of 48 aboard; the burning hulk would finally sink 5 days later. German submarine U-203 damaged US tanker Harry F. Sinclair Jr. 20 kilometers southeast of Swansboro, North Carolina, United States at 1320 hours, killing 10 of 36 aboard; the hulk would later be towed for repairs. 20 kilometers further east, U-160 sank British ship Ulysses; all 290 aboard survived. German submarine U-103 sank Norwegian ship Grenanger in the middle of the Atlantic ocean at 1855 hours; all 36 aboard survived. Finally, off Brazil, Italian submarine Calvi sank Norwegian vessel Balkis. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at Makassar, Celebes. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 Grunion was commissioned into service. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 British anti-submarine trawler HMT St. Cathan collided with Dutch freighter Hebe and sank 60 miles southeast of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, United States. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 HMS Torbay attacked two Italian schooners with her deck gun northwest of Corfu, Greece, sinking Gesu Crocifisso and forcing Natalina to ground to prevent sinking. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 US A-20 Havoc bombers attacked Japanese shipping in the Gulf of Huon off Lae, Australian New Guinea, damaging transport Taijun Maru. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 German Ju 88 aircraft attacked Allied convoy QP-10, damaging ship Stone Street and sinking British ship Empire Cowper (19 were killed); a heavy snow storm prevented the Germans from launching another air attack on the Arctic convoy. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 Eight B-26 Marauder bombers took off from Port Moresby, Australian Papua at 0900 hours; one of them would return to base due to engine trouble. The remaining seven attacked Vunakanau airfield and Lakunai airfield near Rabaul, New Britain, causing minimal damage. As the bomber crews returned to base, they reported a sighting of a fleet carrier (most likely mis-identified Kasuga Maru), causing the commanders to scramble to prepare a major against the target. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 In Burma, British troops formed a new defensive line, Minhia-Taungdwingyi-Pyinmana, on the Irrawaddy River. After dark, the Japanese reached this line, launching a first attack on the Indian 48th Brigade at Kokkogwa. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 American submarine USS Thresher provided a weather report on Tokyo, Japan for the Doolittle Raiders. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 Nachi arrived at Akkeshi Bay, Hokkaido, Japan. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 Axis bombers attacked La Valletta harbor, Malta, wrecking British destroyer HMS Kingston in the dry dock. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 US Army Brigadier General Ralph Royce led 10 B-25 bombers and 3 B-17 bombers from Darwin, Australia to Mindanao, Philippine Islands; they were to be used for bombing Japanese forward positions. On the Bataan peninsula on the island of Luzon, 350 Filipino prisoners of war were killed by the Japanese north of Mount Samat during the Bataan Death March. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 A Soviet landing attempt near Eupatoria (Yevpatoria) near Sevastopol, Russia was halted by the Germans. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 Alexander Novikov stepped down as the First Deputy to the Air Force Commander. 
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11 Apr 1942 WW2 The keel of carrier Crown Point was laid down by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation in Camden, New Jersey, United States. 
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11 Apr 1943 WW2 SS doctors at concentration camps were given orders to select prisoners to be sent to Hartheim Castle in Austria to be euthanized. 
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11 Apr 1943 WW2 The Germans lost several transport aircraft flying between Sicily, Italy and Tunisia, Italian North Africa. On the ground, Allied troops captured Kairouan, Tunisia. 
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11 Apr 1943 WW2 Destroyer HMS Beverley (Lieutenant Commander R. A. Price) was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U-188 (Kapitänleutnant Siegfried Lüdden) while escorting Atlantic convoy ON-176. Her loss would be officially announced by the Admiralty on 2 May 1943. 
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11 Apr 1943 WW2 Adolf Hitler issued orders that the best armies, the best leaders and the best weapons were to be made available for employment in the "Encirclement of the enemy forces deployed in the Kursk area". 
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11 Apr 1943 WW2 73 Zero fighters and 27 D3A carrier dive bombers attacked Oro Bay near Dobodura, Australian Papua, sinking 1 US cargo ship, sinking 1 US destroyer, damaging 1 transport, and damaging 1 Australian minesweeper. 
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11 Apr 1943 WW2 USS Tunny was observed by a Japanese ship 40 kilometers off of Truk, Caroline Islands, but there was no subsequent attack. Early in the afternoon, she intercepted Japanese submarine I-9; she fired three forward torpedoes, and the Japanese submarines fired two; all torpedoes missed. Japanese aircraft arrived to hunt USS Tunny, but the bombs dropped caused no damage. USS Tunny would remain submerged until sundown. After dark, while on the surface, she made radar contact with a Japanese destroyer; as she moved to attack, the destroyer also detected her, attacking with nine depth charges; Tunny would remain submerged for hours to escape the attack. 
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11 Apr 1943 WW2 USS Snook departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her first war patrol. 
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11 Apr 1943 WW2 USS Whale arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 The German SS organization ordered that prisoners who have committed sabotage were to be publicly executed. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 Swiss authorities destroyed the new German Bf 110 aircraft that was brought into Switzerland by a defector pilot two days prior. In appreciation of this gesture, Germany provided Switzerland 12 Me 109 fighters. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 USS Tunny arrived in Brisbane, Australia, ending her fifth war patrol. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 Fieberling was commissioned into service. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 Me 410 fighters shot down 10 B-17 bombers over Europe on this date. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 Anglo-Indian and Japanese troops began a four-day clash at Bunker Hill near Kohima, India. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 Yamato departed Kure, Japan for trials in the Iyo Nada; she arrived at Hashirajima island in Hiroshima Bay that evening. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 USS Flying Fish arrived at Majuro, Marshall Islands, ending her ninth war patrol. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 The Gestapo HQ in The Hague, Netherlands was attacked by RAF Mosquito aircraft. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 Soviet troops captured Kerch, Russia. 
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11 Apr 1944 WW2 USS Pollack arrived at Midway Atoll, ending her ninth war patrol. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 British Second Army captured Celle, Germany. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 The Soviet 4th Guards Army attacked the canals over the Danube River in Vienna, Ostmark, Germany. Nearby, Soviet 20th Guards Rifle Corps and 1st Mechanized Corps attacked the Reichsbrücke Bridge but failing to take it. After observing the fighting on the front lines in the district of Florisdorf, Otto Skorzeny concluded that Vienna was to fall within a day. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Missouri, USS Enterprise, USS Essex, and 6 destroyers were damaged by Japanese special attack aircraft off Okinawa, Japan. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 American troops captured an intact V-weapon plant in Nordhausen, Germany; top American leadership soon sent in engineers to remove as much equipment as possible ahead of the arrival of Soviet troops. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 Soviet troops reached the Elbe River near Magdeburg, Germany. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 A Japanese special attack aircraft crashed into the starboard side of USS Missouri, causing minor damage. The remains of the Japanese pilot was given a sea burial with military honors. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Gabilan fired four torpedoes at a convoy of small Japanese ships in the South China Sea; all torpedoes missed. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Parche sank a small Japanese freighter off Japan with her deck gun. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 Harry Dimoline was reverted to the rank of colonel. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 Anglo-Indian troops captured Pyabwe, Burma at dawn; 2,000 dead Japanese bodies were counted in the region after the fierce battle. To the southwest, mechanized Anglo-Indian troops reached the Taungdwingyi area. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 Naoto Kohiyama stepped down as the President of the South Manchuria Railway. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 US Third Army captured Weimar, Germany and US Seventh Army reached Schweinfurt. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 US Ninth Army captured Bochum, Essen, and Goslar, Germany. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 Prisoners of Buchenwald Concentration Camp freed themselves after most of the guards had fled. In the Buchenwald satellite camp of Langenstein, the US 83rd Infantry Division arrived; it had about 1,100 prisoners at the time. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 New Zealand and Polish troops crossed Santerno River in northern Italy. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 I-401 departed Kure, Japan for Dalian, China; she was tasked to bring fuel back to Kure, whose stores were becoming depleted. 
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11 Apr 1945 WW2 The Toroku Prisoners of War Camp in central Taiwan was closed. 
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11 Apr 1946 WW2 Joseph Stalin informed the Soviet Politburo explaining why former Soviet Aviation Industry Commissar Aleksei Shakhurin and his colleagues were arrested, centering largely on their responsibility for manufacturing faulty aircraft during WW2. 
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11 Apr 1967 RELIGIOUS The Full Gospel Fellowship of Churches and Ministers International, formed in Dallas in 1962, changed its name to Christ for the Nations. This charismatic missions agency specializes in fund-raising and support for church construction and Christian literature distribution worldwide.
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