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History on the 30th of April

History
Date Text
30 Apr 0418 RELIGIOUS Roman Emperor Honorius (who ruled 395-423) issued a decree denouncing Pelagianism, which taught that humanity can take the initial and fundamental steps toward salvation by its own efforts, apart from divine grace.
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30 Apr 1841 RELIGIOUS Birth of Orville J. Nave, the U.S. Armed Services chaplain who compiled the "Nave's Topical Bible" -- still in print!
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30 Apr 1867 RELIGIOUS Death of Ithamar Conkey, 52, a popular 19th century English bass vocalist. He also composed the hymn-tune RATHBUN to which we sing today, "In the Cross of Christ I Glory."
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30 Apr 1904 RELIGIOUS Birth of John T. Benson, Jr, religious composer and former president of Heartwarming Music in Nashville. His best-known sacred composition was the hymn, "Love Lifted Me."
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30 Apr 1917 WW1 Begin of Battle of the Boot
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30 Apr 1918 WW2 Hyuga was commissioned into service. 
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30 Apr 1919 WW2 Joseph Rochefort arrived at Newport News, Virginia, United States aboard passenger ship Koningin der Nederlanden as a member of the crew. 
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30 Apr 1925 WW2 Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party and Ernst Röhm's SA organization (also known as Frontbann at this time) formally split. 
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30 Apr 1934 WW2 Bernhard Rust was named the Minister of Science, Education and National Culture (Reichserziehungsminister) of Germany. 
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30 Apr 1937 WW2 Douglas MacArthur married Jean Faircloth in a civil ceremony. 
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30 Apr 1937 WW2 The Spanish Nationalist battleship Espana sank after hitting a mine off Cape Penas near Santander during the blockade of Bilbao, Spain. 
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30 Apr 1937 WW2 Seal was commissioned into service. 
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30 Apr 1937 WW2 Claire Chennault retired from the US Army Air Corps under the guise of poor health; in actuality, he had grown too frustrated with the USAAC leadership who did not share his vision for the future of air warfare. 
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30 Apr 1938 WW2 Japanese captured the Chinese city of Xuzhou. 
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30 Apr 1938 WW2 The training exercise Fleet Problem XIX, which was held in US Territory of Hawaii, was completed. 
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30 Apr 1939 WW2 Germany passed laws in preparation to move Jewish families into buildings reserved for Jewish residences. 
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30 Apr 1939 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt's address at the opening ceremonies of the New York World's Fair was broadcast on television, making him the first US President to appear in this medium. 
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30 Apr 1940 WW2 At Greenock, Scotland, French destroyer Maille Breeze suffered an accidental detonation of two of her torpedoes in the forward section of the ship and sank. 25 men were killed while 48 were wounded. 
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30 Apr 1940 WW2 British minesweeper HMS Dundoon hit a mine at Smith's Knoll near Great Yarmouth and sank, killing 27. 
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30 Apr 1940 WW2 The German 196th Division arrived at Dombås, Norway on foot as their vehicles had been rendered useless after encountering blown bridges; their initial attacks were held off by the British 15th Brigade; despite causing heavy casualties to the Germans, the British withdrew their defensive line at dusk by train toward Åndalsnes. Near Oslo, RAF bombers conducted attacks on German-controlled airfields in Stavanger and Fornebu, escorted by naval fighters launched by HMS Ark Royal and HMS Glorious; Germans detected the location of the British carriers and successfully launched a fighter attack that drove off the carriers. Off Namsos, Norway, German Ju 87 aircraft attacked British anti-submarine sloop HMS Bittern, hitting her with a bomb and starting a fire on the stern that killed 20; destroyer HMS Janus rescued the survivors and scuttled HMS Bittern to prevent capture. Off Trondheim, Norway, German aircraft sank British trawler HMS Warwickshire; her wreck was later raised by the Germans and put into service. In the United Kingdom, a British fleet consisted of cruisers HMS Manchester and HMS Birmingham and destroyers HMS Inglefield, HMS Diana, and HMS Delight, under the command of Vice Admiral Layton, departed Scapa Flow, Scotland for Norway; its mission was to evacuate the British 148th and 15th Brigades from Åndalsnes and Molde. 
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30 Apr 1940 WW2 Nikolaus von Falkenhorst was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross medal. 
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30 Apr 1940 WW2 Firefighters from the US Navy Sixth Naval District fought off a fire that had broken out on the Norwegian tanker Willy, which was carrying a load of aviation gasoline, in the Cooper River off Charleston, South Carolina, United States. 
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30 Apr 1940 WW2 Italian "Barfile" naval infantry battalion landed on Cephalonia, Greece. 
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30 Apr 1940 WW2 The first guarded Jewish ghetto was established at Lodz, Poland; it was later sealed off with 230,000 Jews inside. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 New Zealand General Bernard Freyberg was appointed commander of Allied forces on Crete, Greece, commanding a garrison of poorly-armed 29,000 British, Australian, and New Zealand troops and 9,000 Greek troops. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 6,000 Iraqi troops with 30 artillery pieces departed Baghdad, Iraq on an ostensibly training exercise before dawn. At first light, they reached a plateau overlooking the RAF airbase at Habbaniya 45 miles west of Baghdad. British Ambassador Kinahan Cornwallis warned British civilians to leave Baghdad; 230 of them would soon flee to Habbaniya while 350 and 150 would seek shelter in the British Embassy and the American Legation, respectively. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 Friedrich Paulus gave Erwin Rommel the authorization to begin a ground assault on Tobruk, Libya, which was launched at 2000 hours after an entire day of artillery shelling at Ras el Madauar near Tobruk. German tanks broke through the defensive perimeter, and infantry overran several Australian positions, penetrating as far as 3 kilometers. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 British gunboats HMS Aphis and HMS Ladybird bombarded Axis positions at Gazala, Libya and Sollum, Egypt. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 German submarine U-107 sank British ship Lassell 300 miles southwest of Cape Verde Islands at 2200 hours; 2 were killed, 51 survived. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 Adolf Hitler set the launch date of Operation Barbarossa to 22 Jun 1941. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 U-576 was launched at Hamburg, Germany. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 Georgios Tsolakoglou was named the Prime Minister of the German puppet Hellenic State. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 German aircraft bombed Malta; a bomb passed through British cruiser HMS Gloucester without detonating. 
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30 Apr 1941 WW2 Four old US Coast Guard Cutters were commissioned into British Royal Navy service at New York, New York, United States; they were christened HMS Banff, HMS Culver, HMS Fishguard, and HMS Hartland and were manned by crew members of battleship HMS Malaya, which was currently under repair. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Shokaku departed from Truk to support the Port Moresby, New Guinea invasion. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Zuikaku departed from Truk to support the Port Moresby, New Guinea invasion. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 USS Enterprise sailed toward Coral Sea, but would arrive too late to participate in the upcoming battle. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 USS Hornet sailed toward Coral Sea, but would arrive too late to participate in the upcoming battle. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini met at Berchtesgaden in southern Germany to discuss Mediterranean strategy; priority was given to capturing the Suez Canal and neutralizing Malta. Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano noted that Hitler appeared to be very tired. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Indiana was commissioned into service. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 German submarine U-456 damaged HMS Edinburgh, escorting Allied convoy QP-11, with two torpedoes (one hitting amidships and another ripped off the stern) in the Norwegian Sea 200 miles north of Murmansk, Russia at 1618 hours. She was carrying £5,000,000 worth of Soviet gold meant as down payment for US weapons and other war supplies. HMS Edinburgh sailed for Murmansk at the slow speed of 3 knots, escorted by two British destroyer and two Soviet destroyers. U-456 ran out of torpedoes thus could not make further attacks, but the submarine remained near the convoy to report in the convoy's position. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 24 British DB-7 Boston bombers attacked Flushing in the Netherlands and Abbeville, Morlaix, and Le Havre in France. All aircraft returned safely. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 German submarine U-162 sank British tanker Athelempress 180 miles east of Barbados at 0152 hours; 3 were killed, 19 survived. At 0336 hours, 18 miles south of Cape Fear, North Carolina, United States, U-402 sank Soviet ship Ashkhabad; all 47 survived. German submarine U-507 sank US tanker Federal 5 miles north of Gibara, Cuba at 1810 hours, killing 5 of 33 aboard. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Friedrich Paulus began planning for Operation Fridericus, an offensive south of Kharkov, Ukraine. The launch date for this operation was set for 18 May 1942. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 A German Fw 200 Condor aircraft spotted Allied convoy PQ-15 250 miles southwest of Bear Island, Norway. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Wilhelm was killed in action on the Eastern Front. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 USS S-35 arrived at Dutch Harbor, US Territory of Alaska, ending her first war patrol. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 U-576 sank Norwegian ship Taborfjell about 95 miles east of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, United States at 0737 hours; 17 were killed, 3 survived. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 B-26 Marauder bombers of US 22nd Bomb Group moved from Reid River field near Townsville, Australia to Port Moresby, Australian Papua in preparation of a raid on Rabaul, New Britain. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 A group of P-39D Airacobra fighters arrived to reinforce Port Moresby, Australian Papua. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 In western Burma, Chinese 38th Division began to move westward to join the Anglo-Indian troops already en route for India. After the tanks of the British 7th Armoured Division had successfully crossed the Ava Bridge over the Irrawaddy River, Chinese troops blew up the bridge to slow the Japanese pursuit. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 At Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, Joseph Rochefort sent Chester Nimitz a report regarding Rochefort's hypothesis that the Japanese might soon be striking at Port Moresby, Australian Papua. Since radio intercepts made mention of multiple targets, he concluded that Tulagi in the Solomon Islands was also a likely target. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Repair ship Akashi arrived at Kure, Japan. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Two PBY Catalina aircraft from Mindanao evacuated 50 personnel (including 20 nurses) from Corregidor, Philippine Islands as the island was again subjected to a large scale artillery and aerial bombardment. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed Takao, Taiwan. 
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30 Apr 1942 WW2 German bombers attacked Norwich, England, United Kingdom for the second consecutive day. 
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30 Apr 1943 WW2 The Bermuda Conference ended without any concrete conclusion. 
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30 Apr 1943 WW2 USS Scorpion sank the Japanese patrol ship Ebisu Maru No. 5 with a torpedo; during the surface action, Lieutenant Commander R. M. Raymond was killed, the submarine's first casualty. As a Japanese aircraft responded with depth charges, Scorpion dove and survived the attack. 
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30 Apr 1943 WW2 The body of Glyndwr Michael was put into the sea from British submarine HMS Seraph off Huelva, Spain; posed as Major William Martin, the body carried false documents intended to mislead the Germans. 
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30 Apr 1943 WW2 The keel of trawler Gulland was laid down. 
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30 Apr 1943 WW2 In Australian Papua, US 90th Squadron moved from Port Moresby to Dobodura Airfield to the northeast. 
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30 Apr 1943 WW2 Naka arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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30 Apr 1943 WW2 The construction for the Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp in northwestern Germany began. 
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30 Apr 1944 WW2 USS Puffer departed Fremantle, Australia for her fourth war patrol. 
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30 Apr 1944 RELIGIOUS English scholar J.R.R. Tolkien wrote in a letter: 'Evil labors with vast powers and perpetual success -- in vain: preparing always only the soil for unexpected good to sprout in. So it is in general, and so it is in our own lives.'
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Trepang sank Miho Maru in the Yellow Sea. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 The Western Allies captured Finnmark, Norway. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 Soviets and US First Army linked up near Ellenburg, Germany. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 British Second Army freed 20,000 prisoners of war from Sandbostel, Germany. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 American B-24 bombers sank Japanese transport Kunikawa Maru at Borneo. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 Ira Eaker was named deputy commander of the Army Air Forces and chief of the Air Staff. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 George Brett retired from the US Army. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 Anglo-Indian forces gained a beachhead on the west bank of the Pegu River at Pegu, Burma. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 Suichuan Airfield in Jiangxi Province, China was reactivated. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 German police chief Obergruppenführer Karl Hermann Frank announced over radio that any attempt to rise up by the citizens of Prague in the puppet state of Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia would be wiped out violently. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 The recently married Hitler and Braun committed suicide in Berlin, Germany. Their bodies were burned near the Chancellery bunker. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 In the Tiergarten district of Berlin, Germany, Zhukov launched an assault, refusing to permit an armistice, demanding only unconditional surrender. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 US troops captured München, Germany. 50 kilometers to the northeast, at Moosburg, US Third Army freed over 100,000 prisoners of war. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 Eva Hitler committed suicide in the Führerbunker in Berlin, Germany by ingesting cyanide. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Ray departed Apra Harbor, Guam, Mariana Islands for her seventh war patrol. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Sunfish departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 6 arrived on board. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 US Fifth Army in Italy made contact with French forces near the Italo-French border. On the same day, US troops captured Milan, Italy. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Yokosuka, Japan for her 24th voyage with the Japanese Navy. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Springer was depth charged by a Japanese destroyer while attempting to attack Japanese shipping in the Yellow Sea; she would survive the attack with minor damage; 4 torpedoes were expended in her attempt to fire back at the destroyer. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 US 22nd Bombardment Group aircraft dropped 142 250-pound bombs on Japanese Navy Oil Refinery No. 6 (USAAF referred to this facility as the "Toshien Oil Refinery") at Toshien District, Takao (now Zuoying District, Kaohsiung), Taiwan. A direct hit was scored on the eastern-most oil tank, and the resulting black smoke rose to the altitude of 5,000 feet. 
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30 Apr 1945 WW2 USS Parche arrived at Midway Atoll, ending her fifth war patrol. 
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30 Apr 1946 WW2 James Lacey became the first Spitfire fighter pilot to fly over Japan. 
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30 Apr 1946 WW2 The Takao Guard District in southern Taiwan was officially disbanded. 
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30 Apr 1947 WW2 USS Sterlet arrived at San Francisco, California, United States. 
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29th April 1st May
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