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History on the 16th of May

History
Date Text
16 May 1540 RELIGIOUS German reformer Martin Luther remarked: 'In the worst temptations nothing can help us but faith that God's Son has put on flesh, is bone, sits at the right hand of the Father, and prays for us. There is no mightier comfort.'
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16 May 1850 RELIGIOUS Birth of Arthur H. Mann, English church organist. In addition to being an authority on Handel, Mann also composed a number of sacred hymn tunes, including ANGEL'S STORY, to which we sing today, "O Jesus, I Have Promised."
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16 May 1866 RELIGIOUS Missouri Lutheran Synod founder C.F.W. Walther wrote in a letter: 'God carries on His work through men with whom it sometimes seems as if one would go to the right and the other to the left and the third one would hold back, and yet the work progresses.'
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16 May 1911 WW2 Andrew McNaughton was promoted to the rank of captain. 
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16 May 1916 WW2 The Sykes-Picot agreement was signed in which Sir Mark Sykes of Great Britain and George Picot of France obtained from Russia agreement as to how the Ottoman Empire would be divided up after the war. In exchange for British and French territorial gains, Russia would take control of the Turkish Armenian provinces and northern Kurdistan. 
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16 May 1920 RELIGIOUS Popular Baptist pastor and denominational leader George Washington Truett, 53, preached his famous sermon, "Baptists and Religious Liberty," to 15,000 people from the Capitol steps in Washington, D.C.
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16 May 1921 WW2 Joseph Rochefort took a test at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, California, United States for transferring to the regular navy. 
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16 May 1929 RELIGIOUS The Shaffer Lectureship was established at the Yale Divinity School, in memory of Kent Shaffer, Ph.B., 1907. The lectures are concerned with some phase of the life, character and teachings of Jesus. Lecturers have included C.H. Dodd (1935); Ralph W. Sockman (1936); Martin Dibelius (1937); and James Moffatt (1940).
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16 May 1932 WW2 Hiroaki Abe was transferred out of Japanese Navy Destroyer Division 1. 
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16 May 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler asked his top commanders how many German divisions were on the border with Czechoslovakia and were ready to move within a twelve hour window. The answer he received was twelve. 
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16 May 1939 WW2 Cruiser Köln completed training in the North Atlantic. 
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16 May 1939 WW2 Admiral Erich Raeder presented to Adolf Hitler German Navy's plan for conducting war against Poland in the Baltic Sea and against Britain and France in the Atlantic Ocean. 
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16 May 1939 WW2 HMS Birmingham arrived at Gulangyu island, an international settlement off Xiamen, China in response to the arrival of a Japanese Special Naval Landing Force detachment nearby. She disembarked a contingent of sailors and marines. 
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16 May 1939 WW2 USS Marblehead arrived at Gulangyu island, an international settlement off Xiamen, China in response to the arrival of a Japanese Special Naval Landing Force detachment nearby. She disembarked a contingent of US Marines. 
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16 May 1940 WW2 German 6th Army broke through the Dyle Line; British troops withdrew west of Brussels and the Belgian government evacuated to Ostend. From its Meuse River bridgeheads, German Army Group A tanks broke through the French lines, capturing thousands of surrendering French troops. Guderian's units reached Montcornet, while Rommel's units reached Avesnes-sur-Helpe. Fearful that this advance into France would expose the invasion's flanks, the German High Command ordered Army Group A to halt its spearheads so that the infantry could catch up. 
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16 May 1940 WW2 French Prime Minister Reynaud ordered Maxime Weygand to return from Syria to Paris, France. 
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16 May 1940 WW2 Remy Van Lierde was shot down while flying a reconnaissance mission over Belgium, becoming captured. 
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16 May 1940 WW2 US President Roosevelt requested the US Congress to appropriate US$546,000,000 for the US Army, US$250,000,000 for US Navy and US Marine Corps, and US$100,000,000 for his own office for national defense purposes. He also requested the authorization for the military and his own office to issue contracts in the amount of US$186,000,000 and US$100,000,000, respectively. 
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16 May 1940 WW2 US President Roosevelt responded to British Prime Minister Churchill's telegraph from the previous day, noting that any military aid to Britain must have the authorization from the US Congress, and that the US fleet would remain concentrated at Hawaii in the Central Pacific for the time being. 
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16 May 1940 WW2 British Prime Minister Winston Churchill flew to Paris, France to meet with his French counterpart Paul Reynaud; witnessing the burning of government archives, he inquired about the strategic reserve, and received the answer "Aucune" ("There is none"). On the same day, Churchill also sent his Italian counterpart Benito Mussolini a message, urging him to keep Italy out of the European War. 
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16 May 1940 WW2 The first P-43 Lancer fighter delivery was made to the United States Army. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 RAF aircraft conducted raids on Köln (Cologne) and Bramsfield in Germany; at the latter target the Atlantik rubber works was damaged. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 German bombers sank British troopship Archangel 10 miles off Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom; 52 were killed, 435 survived. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 The damaged port side crane aboard Bismarck was repaired. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 Italian sappers cleared barbed wires and mines. The subsequent attack on Tobruk, Libya saw Italian troops capturing several bunkers. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 Brigadier Gott withdrew British tanks and infantry from the desert around Sollum and Fort Capuzzo, Libya to consolidate a hold on Halfaya Pass on the Egyptian-Libyan border. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 The final British reinforcements arrived on Crete, Greece. On the same day, German aircraft bombed various British positions on Crete (including airfields) as well as the shipping in Suda Bay (sinking several freighters and damaging HMS York). 
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16 May 1941 WW2 German Me 110 and He 111 bombers attacked RAF Habbaniyah in Iraq, surprising the British; the British and the Germans each lost one aircraft during the attack. Meanwhile, German aircraft strafed British reinforcements traveling eastward from Palestine. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 German submarine U-105 attacked British ship Rodney Star 400 miles west of Sierra Leone, British West Africa between 0548 and 0930 hours, hitting her with torpedoes and gunfire; Rodney Star sank; the entire crew of 83 survived. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 German submarine U-109 stumbled upon an American fleet containing a battleship and several destroyers. She dove and avoided attack. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 Vsevolod Merkulov reported to Joseph Stalin regarding the final deportation plan for the Baltic States, which targeted political leaders, land owners, officers, and others, plus their families. He recommended 8-year imprisonment in labor camps for them, and the exile to faraway lands in the Soviet Union for their families. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 With drinking water fouled in the Italian stronghold of Amba Alagi, Abyssinia, the Italian Viceroy Duke of Aosta requested the British to send in fresh water. When the British refused, he called for a ceasefire in order to begin surrender negotiations. By this point, his forces had suffered incurring 289,000 casualties. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 German bombers damaged British destroyer HMS Encounter in drydock at Malta. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 Wing Commander J. Warfield was named the commanding officer of RAF Station Takali on Malta. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 German bombers conducted what would turn out to be the last major raid against London, England, United Kingdom, as most Luftwaffe units were being transferred to the Eastern Front. 
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16 May 1941 WW2 US President Franklin D. Roosevelt declared the defence of China to be vital to the United States. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 USS Enterprise received orders to return to Pearl Harbor. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 USS Hornet received orders to return to Pearl Harbor. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 German submarine U-751 sank US freighter Nicarao 50 kilometers east of the Bahamas at 0415 hours; 8 were killed, 31 survived. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 German submarine U-507 sank Honduran ship Amapala in the Gulf of Mexico at 0000 hours; 1 was killed, 56 survived. German submarine U-506 damaged US tankers Sun and William C. McTarnahan (killing 18 of 38 aboard) and sank US tanker Gulfoil (killing 21 of 40 aboard) 50 kilometers south of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 Destroyer Yuzuki departed Ocean and Nauru Islands area for Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 Corsaro was commissioned into service. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 The first operational use of "Kittybombers" in the western desert (P-40 Kittyhawk fighters equipped with a bomb rack for a 500-lb bomb) occured when six aircraft of No. 112 squadron RAF attacked an enemy camp east of the main road near Bomba, Libya. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 USS Tautog damaged Japanese cargo ship Goyo Maru in the Caroline Islands, forcing her to beach to prevent sinking. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 Pressured by the United States, the French Navy placed Émile Bertin out of service at Fort-de-France, Martinique. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 No. 112 Squadron RAAF was declared operational in North Africa. It would the Allied Desert Air Force's first Kittybomber unit. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 U-576 arrived at Saint-Nazaire, France, ending her fourth war patrol. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 Joseph Rochefort's cryptanalytic team in Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii intercepted a Japanese radio message containing Chuichi Nagumo's request for weather reports to be submitted to him at a location 50 miles northwest of AF starting from three hours prior to the pre-determined time of attack. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 Japanese bombers attacked Imphal, India. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille shot down two Australian P-40 fighters, Sergeant T. V. Teede at 1805 hours and Pilot Officer Dudley Parker at 1815 hours, near Ain el Gazala, Libya, raising his kill score to 60. When Parker's fighter went down, it crashed into another fighter piloted by W. J. Metherall, causing Metherall to crash and become killed; this was not witnessed by the Germans and thus did not count toward Marseille's score. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 Prinz Eugen departed Trondheim, Norway for Kiel, Germany to receive further repairs. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 German troops captured the city of Kerch and the namesake peninsula in Russia; Soviet troops in the area began a 5-day evacuation under heavy fire. 
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16 May 1942 WW2 Near Kharkov, Ukraine, the Soviet 28th Army's offensive was halted. To the south, Soviet 6th Guards Cavalry Corps reached Krasnograd, but their support tanks were 15 miles behind the front lines and could not arrive at the front fast enough to maintain the forward momentum. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 USS Snook sank a Japanese trawler with her deck gun. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 Joseph Goebbels noted in his diary that Kiel, Germany was heavily damaged in an Allied bombing. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 Japanese 3rd Division attacked Songzi, Hubei Province, China. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 Nachi refueled from oiler Teiyo Maru in Kataoka Bay, Paramushiro (Paramushir), Kurile Islands. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 USS Whale took station 56 kilometers east of Wake Atoll and guided US Army B-24 bombers toward Wake. She was spotted by a Japanese aircraft, but sustained no damaged in the subsequent attack. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 USS Grayback damaged a Japanese destroyer in the South Pacific, hitting her with 2 of 6 torpedoes. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ended in Poland with the destruction of the Warsaw synagogue at 2015 hours. In Jürgen Stroop's final daily report, he noted that 180 Jewish fighters were killed on this final day. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 Wing Commander Guy Gibson's Dambusters took off from Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom for an attack on the Ruhr River dams in Germany. 
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16 May 1943 WW2 USS Mingo departed New London, Connecticut, United States for the Panama Canal. 
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16 May 1944 WW2 USS Sea Cat was commissioned into service. 
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16 May 1944 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho arrived at Tawi-Tawi, Mindanao, Philippine Islands. 
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16 May 1944 WW2 Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel issued Adolf Hitler's directive for Operation Kirshkern ("Cherry Stone") to commence the bombardment of England, United Kingdom by long-range weapons. 
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16 May 1944 WW2 USS Pintado departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her first war patrol. 
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16 May 1944 WW2 Major General Nobuo Tanaka ordered a two-pronged offensive toward Bishenpur and the plains near Imphal in India. 
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16 May 1944 WW2 British fusilier Frank Jefferson used a PIAT anti-tank launcher to destroy a German Panzer IV tank along the Gustav Line in Italy, which led to his unit repulsing a German counterattack which was spearheaded by the tank. He would later be awarded the Victoria Cross for this action. 
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16 May 1944 WW2 A transport of Jews from Hungary arrived at Auschwitz Concentration Camp in occupied Poland. Adolf Eichmann, in charge of all transports to the camps, arrived to oversee and speed up the extermination process personally. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 Alderney of the Channel Islands was reoccupied by British troops; the garrison of 3,200 German troops became prisoners of war. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 Aircraft from escort carrier HMS Emperor attacked Japanese cruiser Haguro at the entrance of the Malacca Strait. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 USS Segundo departed for her fourth war patrol. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 After not responding to communications since 9 Apr 1945, USS Snook was presumed lost. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 USS Hawkbill arrived off British Malaya to serve on lifeguard station. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 US Army Colonel Albert Caswell Metts, Jr. assisted the five daughters of Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria, who had been liberated from Dachau Concentration Camp by the American army, to return to Luxembourg. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 William Slim and Aung San met at Meiktila, Burma; Slim later noted that although Aung San had an anti-British history, he was a promising candidate to lead Burma after the war. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 Exiled Czechoslovakian President Eduard Beneš returned to Prague, Czechoslovakia to a rapturous welcome. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 USS Sennet arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her third war patrol. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Inspection of engine overhaul facilities by Vice Admiral JH Newton, USN; Commodore HE Overesh, USN; Captain RE Farnsworth, USN; Commander GC Briant, USNR; Captain EA Tarbutton, USN. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Maizuru, Japan. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 USS Boarfish departed Subic Bay, Philippine Islands for her third war patrol. 
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16 May 1945 WW2 The Kukutsu Prisoners of War Camp in northern Taiwan was opened. 
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16 May 1946 WW2 Lardner was decommissioned from service. 
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16 May 1946 WW2 Allied repatriation ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Morotai, Moluccan Islands and embarked Japanese personnel. She departed later on the same day. 
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16 May 1947 WW2 Zhang Linfu committed suicide in his command cave in Menglianggu, Mengyin County, Shandong Province, China. 
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16 May 1948 WW2 Zhao Chengshou surrendered to the Chinese Communist forces at Jinzhong, Shanxi, China. 
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16 May 1949 WW2 USS Segundo entered Mare Island Naval Shipyard, California, United States for overhaul. 
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