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History on the 22nd of May

History
Date Text
22 May 1541 RELIGIOUS In Germany, the Ratisbon (Regensburg) Conference ended, its mission to reunify the Catholic Church having failed. From this time on, the Protestant movement became permanent.
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22 May 1740 RELIGIOUS English revivalist George Whitefield wrote in a letter: 'We must all have the spirit of martyrdom, though we may not all die martyrs.'
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22 May 1868 RELIGIOUS Birth of William R. Newell, American clergyman and devotional writer. He published expository works on the Bible, and is remembered today as author of the hymn, "At Calvary" (a.k.a. "Years I Spent in Vanity and Pride").
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22 May 1911 WW2 Henry Stimson became the United States Secretary of War. 
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22 May 1913 WW2 Centurion was commissioned into service. 
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22 May 1915 WW2 The Council of Ministers of the Ottoman Empire told its senior army commanders that they were authorised to crush without mercy any armed resistance they encounter from the local population in the war zone. 
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22 May 1916 WW2 British fighter ace Captain Albert Ball of the Royal Flying Corps was credited with his first two aerial victories. 
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22 May 1923 WW2 British Prime Minister Bonar Law resigned due to ill health and was succeeded by Stanley Baldwin. 
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22 May 1925 WW2 Field Marshal Sir John French, the former commander-in-chief of the British expeditionary force at the start of the Great War and later Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, died at Deal Castle in Kent, England, United Kingdom. 
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22 May 1933 WW2 The First Battle of Hebei ended as Chinese and Japanese representatives began to negotiate for a truce. 
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22 May 1933 WW2 Air Chief Marshal Sir Edward Ellington succeeded the late Sir Geoffrey Salmond as Chief of the Air Staff of Britain. 
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22 May 1939 WW2 Myoko, flagship of Vice Admiral Koichi Shiozawa of Japanese Navy 5th Fleet, arrived in Xiamen, China in response to recent British, French, and American troop arrivals in the international zone. 
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22 May 1939 WW2 Italy and Germany signed the "Pact of Steel" in Berlin, Germany. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 In Northern France, Rommel held his ground at Arras as he mistakenly believed he was facing 5 division of Allied troops when he was only facing 2 divisions and 2 tank battalions. Guderian, however, advanced toward Calais, Dunkirk, and Boulogne. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 The United Kingdom passed the Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, giving the government authority over persons and property for the duration of the war. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 German submarine U-37 attacked British armed merchant vessel Dunster Grange with four torpedoes and then surfaced to attack with the deck gun off of Land's End in Southwestern England. All four torpedoes missed, and Dunster Grange was able to fight off the attack and arrive in Liverpool safely two days later. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 Japanese bombers attacked Chongqing, China. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 French Air Force withdrew Potez 630 heavy fighters from front line service. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 General Gaston Billote died from injuried sustained during an automobile accident on the previous day. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 German pilot Hauptmann Wolfgang Falck was ordered to establish Nachtjagdgeschwader 1 wing for the night fighter defence of Germany. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 Cryptologist in Bletchley Park, England broke the Luftwaffe Enigma code. 
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22 May 1940 WW2 In London, England, United Kingdom, a Home Morale Emergency Committee was set up to advise the Ministry of Information on how to combat defeatism in Britain. Its chairman was the diplomat, author and wit, Mr. (later Sir) Harold Nicolson, a junior Minister for Information. Another member of the board was the Director of the National Gallery and future Television presenter, Kenneth (later Lord) Clark. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 The first flight of the Curtiss Hawk 81 fighters, known as Kittyhawk I to the British and P-40D to the Americans, was ordered by both the British Royal Air Force and the US Army. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 US Navy transferred ships from the Pacific Fleet to the Atlantic Fleet. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 Before dawn, British warships searched for an Axis convoy off the Greek island of Milos; after sunrise, German aircraft spotted the ships, damaging HMS Naiad (6 killed), HMS Calcutta (14 killed), and HMS Kingston (1 killed) at 1000 hours. At 1200 hours, HMS Greyhound was sunk (76 killed) and HMS Warspite was damaged (43 killed). Shortly after, HMS Gloucester (722 killed) and HMS Fiji (257 killed) were also sunk. Meanwhile, at Crete, Greece, Australian and New Zealand troops counterattacked at Maleme at 0330 hours, but German 5. Gebirsgäger Division troops repulsed the attack. During the day, additional Ju 52 aircraft brought two more battalions of troops to Maleme. Australian and New Zealand troops were pulled back from Maleme to Suda Bay to protect the main supply point while regrouping for another counterattack. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 Himmler formed a Norwegian SS organization, modeling it after the German counterpart. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 HMS King George V patrolled the waters off Iceland. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 Iraqis counterattacked the British troops at Fallujah, Iraq with Italian-made light tanks. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 British aerial reconnaissance confirmed the German battleship Bismarck and cruiser Prinz Eugen had left Grimstadfjord, Norway. The German aerial reconnaissance to Scapa Flow, Scotland, United Kingdom, seeing dummy warshipsk, reported that the British fleet was still in port. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 German submarine U-111 sank British ship Barnby 400 miles southwest of Ireland at 1340 hours; 1 was killed, 44 survived. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 German submarine U-103 sank British tanker Grenadier 50 miles off Sierra Leone, British West Africa at midnight; the entire crew of 49 survived. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 New Zealand Second Lieutenant Charles Upham commanded a forward platoon in an attack on Maleme, Crete, Greece, during which he led his unit in advancing 3,000 yards, destroying many enemy defensive positions along the way, including wiping out a machine gun post with a grenade by himself. While falling back, he helped a wounded man out of the battle zone under fire and helped an isolated company back to friendly lines. He would later win the Victoria Cross award. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 7 I-16 fighters of the Chinese 24th Pursuit Squadron and 1 SB bomber of the Chinese 9th Bomb Squadron were ordered to intercept the incoming 25 Japanese G3M bombers at Lanzhou, Gansu, China. Bad weather forced the Chinese aircraft to land at Chung Chuan Chun Airfield, but upon sighting the Japanese bombers overhead the Chinese fighters were able to takeoff and shoot down one bomber and damaging another. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 HMS Edinburgh intercepted German ship Lech in the Bay of Biscay. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 Vyacheslav Molotov met with Friedrich Werner von der Schulenburg in Moscow, Russia. Schulenburg, the German ambassador, reported that Molotov was extremely friendly. 
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22 May 1941 WW2 Erich Raeder responded to Adolf Hitler's inquiry regarding a German occupation of the Azores islands as long range bomber bases (although Germany had no such bombers at that time) as difficult, as the German Navy was not strong enough to guard the islands should they be taken. 
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22 May 1942 WW2 Five Japanese I-class submarines, carrying 4 midget submarines and 1 aircraft, departed for Sydney, Australia. 
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22 May 1942 WW2 German submarine U-588 sank US freighter Plow City 150 kilometers east of New Jersey, United States at 2010 hours, killing 1 of 30 aboard. U-158 sank Canadian ship Frank B. Baird with the deck gun 465 miles southeast of Bermuda; all 23 aboard survived. 
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22 May 1942 WW2 German submarine U-753 stopped British schooner E. P. Theriault with the deck gun 90 miles north of Cuba at 0730 hours and damaged her with depth charges during a failed scuttling attempt; the wreck would float and beach at Cuba, where she would later be repaired and pressed into Cuban service. 
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22 May 1942 WW2 Japanese merchant ship Naruto Maru arrived at Rabaul, New Britain. 
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22 May 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Yokosuka, Japan and departed for Kure, Japan later that day. 
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22 May 1942 WW2 In Ukraine, German 14th Division and 16th Panzer Division occupied Chepel and Bayrak, while 3rd Panzer Division and 23rd Panzer Division reached Chervonyi Donets and Krasnaia Gusarovka, closing the gap on the Soviet forces near Izium. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 Shokaku joined a large fleet for the Aleutian Islands, but the sortie was canceled as Attu was reclaimed by US forces. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 Shigeru Fukudome was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Navy Combined Fleet. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 Kimberly was commissioned into service. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 American TBF aircraft from the 14,000-ton USS Bogue attacked the German submarine U-569, forcing her to surface and surrender. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 Japanese troops launched an attack toward the region west of Yidu, Hubei Province, China. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 The Italian flag was hoisted aboard captured French cruiser Jean de Vienne at Toulon, France. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 The Italian flag was hoisted aboard captured French cruiser La Galissonnière at Toulon, France. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 Adolf Hitler, Erhard Milch, Adolf Galland, Willy Messerschmitt and others previewed the Me 262 jet fighter at Lechfeld, München-Oberbayern, Germany. Hitler liked the jet and demanded it to be used as a bomber. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 Admiral Chester Nimitz boarded USS Wahoo at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii to present awards. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 Satoru Anabuki, flying Ki-43 fighter "Fubuki", shot down two Hurricane fighters over Chittagong, India (now Bangladesh), increasing his score to 42. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 Carrier Langley was launched at Camden, New Jersey, United States. 
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22 May 1943 WW2 USS Sable departed Buffalo, New York, United States. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 U-530 departed Lorient, France for Trinidad. Aboard, she carried a Naxos radar detector to be given to the Japanese when she was to meet with Japanese submarine I-52. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 USS Trepang was commissioned into service. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 Lieutenant Colonel Francis Gabreski of US 56th Fighter Group shot down three German Focke-Wulf Fw.190 aircraft in one day. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 USS Pollack attacked a Japanese convoy in the Pacific Ocean, sinking destroyer Asanagi and damaging a freighter; ten torpedoes were expended in this tatack. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 USS Puffer attacked a Japanese carrier in the South China Sea, firing 6 torpedoes and claiming 1 hit. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 Lieutenant Kenneth Elliot Meredith was named the commanding officer of HMCS Trillium. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 Destroyer Yukikaze suffered minor propeller damage when it accidentally struck a reef near Tawi-Tawi, Philippine Islands. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 USS Ray attacked a nine-ship Japanese convoy south of the Philippine Islands with seven torpedoes, scoring five hits; Tempei Maru was sunk and two other ships were damaged. A short moment later, she fired another torpedo from a stern tube, damaging another ship. 
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22 May 1944 WW2 In a Daily Telegraph crossword puzzle the word "Omaha" appeared as one of the answers. This caused considerable consternation among Allied invasion planners as "Omaha" was the codename for the French beach due to be assaulted by the US 1st Division on D-Day. 
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22 May 1944 RELIGIOUS The Gospel Mission of South America was founded by William M. Strong in Concepcion, Chile. An interdenominational Protestant missions agency, its headquarters moved to Ft. Lauderdale, Florida in 1975.
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22 May 1945 WW2 Field Marshall Montgomery was designated as commander of British occupation troops, as well as a British member of the Allied Control Commission in Germany. 
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22 May 1945 WW2 The British Government announced further reductions in rations. Bacon was reduced to three ounces per person per week, cooking fat to one ounce and meat to 106-lb per person per year, and the soap ration was also reduced for all but babies and young children. 
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22 May 1945 WW2 Torrential rain reduced mobility of US armoured forces on Okinawa, Japan and gave the Japanese defenders a temporary respite. 
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22 May 1945 WW2 USS Becuna departed for her fourth war patrol on lifeguard station for carrier air crews. 
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22 May 1945 WW2 Viktor Abakumov complained to Lavrentiy Beria of NKVD official Ivan Serov's interference with the SMERSH investigation of Adolf Hitler's final days. 
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22 May 1945 WW2 Lavrentiy Beria received a report from Soviet NKVD official Ivan Serov regarding Adolf Hitler's final days. 
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22 May 1945 WW2 USS Ticonderoga arrived at Ulithi, Caroline Islands and joined Task Group 58.4. 
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22 May 1945 WW2 Soviet SMERSH captured German SS Lieutenant General Bruno Streckenbach in Latvia. He would remain imprisoned in Russia until Oct 1955. 
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22 May 1945 WW2 USS Marcus Island arrived at San Diego, California, United States. 
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22 May 1946 WW2 The secret clauses of the Molotov-Robbentrop Pact was published by newspaper to Soviet dismay. 
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22 May 1946 WW2 Allied repatriation ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Balikpapan, Borneo and embarked Japanese personnel. She departed later on the same day. 
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22 May 1946 WW2 Shigeru Yoshida became the 45th Prime Minister and the Demobilization Minister of Japan. 
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22 May 1946 WW2 G. S. Bolotin-Balyasny stepped down as GUKR SMERSH's chief in the 3rd Byelorussian Front; Colonel Pyotr P. Timofeev stepped down from a similar positions in the 2nd Ukrainian Front. 
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22 May 1948 WW2 Georgios Tsolakoglou passed away from leukemia while in captivity in Athens, Greece. 
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22 May 1967 RELIGIOUS The General Assembly of the Southern Presbyterian Church (PCUS) adopted the Confession of 1967. It was the first major declaration of faith adopted by this branch of Protestantism since the Westminster Confession of 1647.
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