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History on the 29th of May

History
Date Text
29 May 1453 RELIGIOUS Constantinople, the capital of Eastern Christianity from A.D. 324, fell to the Turks. The city afterward became the capital of the Ottoman Empire and was renamed Istanbul. Its conquest marked the end of the Middle Ages.
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29 May 1698 RELIGIOUS Construction began on Old Swedes (Holy Trinity) Church in Wilmington, Delaware. The structure has been used continuously as a place of Christian worship ever since.
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29 May 1774 RELIGIOUS Pioneer American Methodist bishop Francis Asbury wrote in his journal: 'Lord, keep me from all the superfluity of dress, and from preaching empty stuff to please the ear, instead of changing the heart.'
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29 May 1837 RELIGIOUS Birth of Charles W. Fry, the English musician who, along with his three sons, formed the first Salvation Army brass band. Fry also authored the hymn, "Lily of the Valley."
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29 May 1917 WW2 Jack Knight was born. 
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29 May 1917 WW2 John Kennedy was born. 
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29 May 1918 WW2 The British Cabinet seceded that a large scale Allied intervention in Russia was now an inevitable necessity and that all possible pressure should be brought to bear on US President Wilson to persuade him to agree to it. 
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29 May 1918 WW2 Prince Hiroyasu's second child, Princess Yasuko, married Marquis Nagatake Asano. 
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29 May 1929 WW2 Emperor Showa disembarked Nachi. 
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29 May 1931 WW2 Harry Dimoline was promoted to the rank of major. 
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29 May 1935 WW2 The French luxury liner Normandie departed Le Havre, France on her maiden voyage, reaching New York, United States in four days, three hours and thirteen minutes, winning the Blue Riband from the Italian liner Rex. 
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29 May 1937 WW2 The German pocket battleship Deutschland was bombed by Spanish Republican aircraft off the Spanish coast. Thirty-one German sailors were killed and 101 were injured. 
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29 May 1937 WW2 Hurricane prototype fighter K5083 was revealed to the public during the Empire Air Day exhibitions at Felixstowe and Martlesham in Suffolk, England, United Kingdom. 
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29 May 1939 WW2 USS Astoria discontinued the search for the missing adventurer Richard Halliburton. 
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29 May 1940 WW2 Allies evacuated 33,558 men from the harbor at Dunkirk, France and 13,752 from the nearby beaches. German aircraft interfered, attacking ships in the sea as well as men waiting on the docks. Destroyer HMS Grenade was hit by three bombs, one of which went down her funnel, in Dunkirk harbor and sank, killing 19. Destroyer HMS Jaguar was badly damaged by a bomb, killing 13 and wounding 19. Minesweeper HMS Waverley, with 600 troops already aboard, was sunk by a bomb, killing 350. Elsewhere in France, German troops captured Lille, Ostend, and Ypres. Also on the same day, French auxiliary cruiser Ville d'Oran took on 200 tons of gold from the French reserve for shipment to Casablanca, French Morocco. 
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29 May 1940 WW2 German torpedo boat S-30 sank British destroyer HMS Wakeful 13 miles north of Nieuwpoort, Belgium at 0040 hours, killing 97 crew and 640 solders rescued from Dunkirk, France. 25 crew and 1 soldier were rescued by minesweepers HMS Gossamer and HMS Lydd, destroyer HMS Grafton, and armed trawler HMS Comfort. Later in the day, German submarine U-62 torpedoed HMS Grafton, killing 4; destroyer HMS Ivanhoe scuttled HMS Grafton after rescuing the survivors. Nearby, HMS Comfort was mistaken for another German torpedo boat and was rammed by HMS Lydd, killing 4 crew and 2 soldiers. 
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29 May 1940 WW2 German submarine U-37 sank French steamer Marie José and British oil tanker Telena off Cape Finisterre, Spain. 18 were killed and 18 survivors were later rescued by Spanish fishing boats. 
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29 May 1940 WW2 Werner Mölders was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the first fighter pilot to receive this award. 
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29 May 1940 WW2 No. 264 Squadron RAF based at Manston, England, United Kingdom claimed no less than thirty-eight enemy aircraft destroyed in a single day. The Luftwaffe fighter pilots having mistaken No. 264 Squadron's two-seat Defiant fighters for Hurricane fighters and had dived on the supposedly defenceless tails of the British fighters only to be greeted by a withering concentration of fire. By the end of the month No. 264 Squadron's Defiant fighters would have claimed some sixty-five kills, but the German pilots had learned from their mistakes and adopted new tactics to deal with the Defiant fighters. 
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29 May 1940 WW2 Friedrich Christiansen became the commanding officer of the German military in the Netherlands. 
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29 May 1941 WW2 US Navy extended its boundaries of Neutrality Patrol to North and South Atlantic. On the same day, a joint US Army-US Navy plan was drafted to occupy the Portuguese Azores islands with 14,000 Marines and 14,000 troops; the proposed commanding officer was US Marine Corps Major General Holland M. Smith. 
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29 May 1941 WW2 Prinz Eugen arrived at Brest, France. 
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29 May 1941 WW2 A British force of cruiser and destroyers embarked 3,486 men at Heraklion, Crete and departed for Egypt at 0245 hours. At 0400 hours, HMS Imperial's steering failed; she transferred her crew and passengers, and then was scuttled by HMS Hotspur. After dawn, HMS Hereward was bombed by Italian aircraft, 76 were killed and 89 survivors were captured. Cruisers HMS Orion and HMS Dido were also attacked, killing 105 crew and 260 passengers on the former and 27 crew and 100 passengers on the latter. The force would finally arrive at Alexandria, Egypt at 2000 hours. 
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29 May 1941 WW2 German submarine U-557 sank British ship Empire Storm in the North Atlantic at 2043 hours; 3 were killed, 40 survived and were rescued by Norwegian ship Marita. 
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29 May 1941 WW2 German submarine U-38 sank British ship Tabaristan 250 miles off Sierra Leone, British West Africa at 2350 hours; 21 were killed, 39 survived and were rescued by British armed trawlers HMS Bengali and HMS Turcoman. 
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29 May 1941 WW2 The German Navy began to execute its plans for the invasion of the Soviet Union. 
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29 May 1941 WW2 HMS Eagle began patrolling the South Atlantic for German shipping. 
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29 May 1941 WW2 13 British and Polish prisoners of war of Oflag IV-C at Colditz Castle, Germany attempted to escape via a tunnel, but the attempt was a failure. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 The Main Body of the Japanese Midway invasion fleet set sail; it was consisted of Battleship Division 1 (Yamato, Nagato, Mutsu), light carrier Hosho, seaplane/submarine tenders Chiyoda and Nisshin, light cruiser Sendai of Destroyer Squadron 3, nine destroyers, and Supply Group No. 1; the Main Body remained 600 miles behind the Carrier Striking Force. Meanwhile, the transport fleet set sail from Saipan in the Mariana Islands; it was consisted of 15 transports. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 The Commonwealth CA-12 Boomerang fighter made its maiden flight, only fourteen weeks after its design had been approved and an initial order for 105 machines placed. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 A lifeboat containing survivors of Dutch ship Polyphemus, which was sunk by German submarine U-578 on 27 May, was stopped by U-566; after some questioning, the German crew provided the survivors some water and pointed them toward the east coast of the United States. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 German submarine U-156 sank British ship Norman Prince 60 miles west of Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles islands at 0103 hours; 16 were killed, 32 survived. At 0217 hours, U-107 sank British ship Western Head 10 miles south of Rio Seco, Cuba; 24 were killed, 6 survived. Finally, U-50 sank British ship Allister 54 miles south of Grand Cayman island at 2337 hours; 15 were killed, 8 survived. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-21 launched her floatplane for a reconnaissance mission over Sydney, Australia. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 British destroyers HMS Hero, HMS Eridge, and HMS Hurworth forced German submarine U-568 to surface and be scuttled 40 miles northeast of Tobruk, Libya with a depth charging that lasted 16 hours; all 47 aboard survived. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 British submarine HMS Turbulent fired four torpedoes at an Italian convoy 135 miles northwest of Benghazi, Libya at 0700 hours; one torpedo struck and sank Capo Arma, while another circled back over the submarine and then proceed to strike and sink destroyer Emmanuele Pessagno. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 USS Swordfish sank Japanese transport Tatsufuku Maru, already damaged by USS Seal on the previous day, between Dutch Borneo and the Philippine Islands. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 Allied convoy QP-12 arrived at Reykjavík, Iceland. To the east, PQ-16 sailed in the opposite direction. As PQ-16 neared Murmansk, Russia, they were joined by Soviet destroyers Grozny, Sokrushitelny, and Kuibyshev at 1150 hours and then 6 British destroyers several hours later. At 2200 hours, the convoy broke into two groups, one sailing for Murmansk and another sailing for Arkhangelsk further east. At 2330 hours, the Murmansk group came under attack by 18 German aircraft and the Arkhangelsk group by 15 German aircraft; no ships were sunk, and several aircraft on both sides were shot down, including one piloted by Double Hero of the Soviet Union Boris Safonov, killing him. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 A Free French Bren Carrier patrol led by Captain Lamaze and accompanied, in person, by Colonel Mitakvari of the Foreign Legion, was surprised while patrolling in the open desert by a section of Italian M13 tanks which managed to get between the patrol and its perimeter defences. They were only rescued by the timely intervention of Captain Messmer (9th company 3/13th battalion) who would later become the Minister of Defence in the Charles de Gaulle regime in the 1960s. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 Soviet submarine A-3 sank Romanian vessel Sulina in the Black Sea. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 Soviet submarine ShCh-214 sank Turkish vessel Hudarvendigar in the Black Sea. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 Long range Catalina flying boats of No. 11 and No. 20 squadrons RAAF made their first raid against the Solomon Islands base at Tulagi, which had already been attacked by US carrier aircraft earlier in the month. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 77 British aircraft (31 Wellington, 20 Halifax, 14 Lancaster, 9 Stirling, 3 Hampden) attacked the Gnome et Rhône aircraft engine factory at Gennevilliers northwest of Paris, France, causing little damage; 34 French civilians were killed, 167 were injured; 5 bombers were lost in this mission. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 USS Finback arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 USS Yorktown was refloated and moved out of Dry Dock No. 1 at Pearl Harbor Navy Yard, US Territory of Hawaii. She received fuel and a new air complement from nearby Naval Air Station Kaneohe. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 Yamato departed Hashirajima island in Hiroshima Bay, Japan at 0600 hours for Operation MI. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 Light carrier Hosho departed Hashirajima, Japan for the Midway invasion. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 An Italian supply convoy got through the British minefield and reached the Axis forces in the "Cauldron" south of Tobruk, Libya, which British General Neil Ritchie still failed to realize was the main assault force. To the north near the coast, the Storch observation aircraft which General Ludwig Crüwell was aboard was shot down, leading to his capture. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 En route to the Aleutian Islands, USS S-28 received new orders due to a potential Japanese attack at Midway, thus starting her first war patrol. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 USS Permit fired two torpedoes at a Japanese transport in the Makassar Strait; both torpedoes missed. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 Soviet resistance in the Izium, Ukraine ceased. 
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29 May 1942 WW2 German bombers attacked Grimsby, England, United Kingdom. 
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29 May 1943 WW2 RAF bombers attacked Wuppertal, Germany with 1,900 tons of explosives. The Ruhr region city housed an I. G. Farben chemical plant and a G. & J. Jaeger ball-bearing factory. 
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29 May 1943 WW2 The issue of the American magazine The Saturday Evening Post published on this date featured with Norman Rockwell's "Rosie the Riveter" illustration. 
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29 May 1943 WW2 Irako arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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29 May 1943 WW2 Japanese and Chinese troops clashed in Hubei and Hunan Provinces, China. 
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29 May 1943 WW2 USS Scorpion departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her second war patrol. 
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29 May 1943 WW2 Satoru Anabuki, flying Ki-43 fighter "Fubuki", shot down two British fighters over Chittagong, India (now Bangladesh), increasing his score to 44. 
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29 May 1943 WW2 417th Bombardment Squadron of 25th Bombardment Group of US Army Air Forces, operating B-18 Bolo bombers, was assigned to Losey Field in Puerto Rico. 
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29 May 1943 WW2 USS Wahoo arrived at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, California, United States for a scheduled overhaul. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 Taking advantage of their range, US bombers began hitting Marienburg and Posen in eastern Germany. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 The escort carrier USS Block Island was torpedoed by a German U-boat while on anti-submarine patrol near the Azores. This was the first and only US Navy Aircraft Carrier to be lost in the Atlantic Ocean. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 The Anglo-Indian attack on Ninthoukgong, India was halted after capturing the northern half of the town. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Part of Air Group 28 arrived on board. Part of CASU-48, CASU-49, arrived on board. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 US 1st Armored Division engaged German defensive positions of the Caesar C Line south of Rome, Italy. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 Destroyer Yuzuki arrived at Sasebo, Japan for refitting. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 Nachi refueled from oiler Teiyo Maru in Kawauchi Bay, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 USS Whale released destroyer USS Cassin from escort duty off Majuro, Marshall Islands. 
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29 May 1944 WW2 USS Permit damaged a Japanese transport between Caroline Islands and Mariana Islands, hitting her with 1 of 8 torpedoes fired. 
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29 May 1944 RELIGIOUS German Lutheran theologian and Nazi martyr Dietrich Bonhoeffer wrote in a letter: 'We are to find God in what we know, not in what we don't know; God wants us to realize His presence, not in unsolved problems, but in those that are solved.'
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29 May 1945 WW2 USS Cod arrived at Guam, Mariana Islands for refitting, ending her sixth war patrol. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 Jisaburo Ozawa was named the commander-in-chief of the Japanese Navy Combined Fleet. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 US 10th Army captured Shuri Castle at Okinawa, Japan. Off the coast, Japanese special attack aircraft damaged 2 destroyers. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 Vasily Chuikov was awarded the Order of Suvorov 1st Class for the third time. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 Soviet 2nd Byelorussian Front was renamed Northern Group of Military Forces, or SGV. Konstantin Rokossovsky remained the commanding officer of the group. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 USS Bluegill landed US and Australian personnel on Pratas of the Pratas Islands (Chinese: Dongsha Islands) in the South China Sea and destroyed the Japanese radio tower, weather station, fuel, ammunition dump, and several buildings. The operation was unopposed as the Japanese had already abandoned the island. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Jakarta, Java. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 USS Flying Fish departed Guam, Mariana Islands for her twelfth war patrol. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 American B-25 bombers from Okinawa conducted a raid on Tokyo, Japan, while 454 B-29 bombers (escorted by 101 P-51 fighters) firebombed Yokohama, Japan. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 Japanese pilto Second Lieutenant Kiyoharu Kawada (Roh Yong-U) rammed his Ki-45 Toryu heavy fighter into an attacking US B-29 Superfortress bomber (serial 42-24894) over Oi River, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, destroying the bomber but also sacrificing himself. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 USS Sterlet attacked a Japanese convoy east of the southern tip of Karafuto, Japan (now Sakhalin, Russia), sinking a freighter and damaging another, hitting them with four of six torpedoes. As the escort vessels counterattacked, she fired three salvos of four, three, and then four torpedoes at them, all of which missed, but she was able to escape from the counterattack. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 USS Segundo encountered several vessels in the East China Sea; she seven two-masted schooners her crew identified as Japanese with the deck gun. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 USS Boarfish attacked a Japanese convoy in the Java Sea between Sumatra and Java with four torpedoes and observed at least one explosion against an oiler; she was severely damaged in the subsequent depth charge counterattack, but she would be able to set sail for home. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 The BI-7 rocket-powered prototype aircraft underwent a unpowered glider test at Khimki near Moscow, Russia. 
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29 May 1945 WW2 14 of the 25 captured US Army and US Navy airmen imprisoned at the Taihoku Prison in Taihoku (now Taipei), Taiwan were sentenced to death by firing squad; the execution was to be carried out on 19 Jun 1945 
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29 May 1945 WW2 100 American B-24 bombers conducted a raid on Taiwan. 
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