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History on the 1st of June

History
Date Text
01 Jun 1912 WW2 Henry Arnold set an altitude record of 1,990 meters, or 6,540 feet. 
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01 Jun 1915 WW2 Provence was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jun 1916 WW2 Quintin Brand was promoted to the rank of second lieutenant. 
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01 Jun 1918 WW2 Yoshijiro Umezu was promoted to the rank of major. 
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01 Jun 1918 WW2 Kichisaburo Nomura stepped down as the naval attaché to the United States. 
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01 Jun 1919 WW2 Delhi was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jun 1920 WW2 Tennessee was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jun 1920 WW2 The first landing took place aboard carrier Eagle. 
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01 Jun 1922 WW2 Kichisaburo Nomura was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. 
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01 Jun 1923 WW2 Wilhelm Keitel was promoted to the rank of Major. 
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01 Jun 1923 WW2 Vice Admiral Shozo Kuwashima was named the commanding officer of Chinkai Guard District in southern Korea. 
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01 Jun 1923 WW2 Vice Admiral Shiro Yamauchi was named the commanding officer of the Mako naval port at Pescadores islands, Taiwan. 
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01 Jun 1925 WW2 Chuichi Nagumo began a tour to Europe and the United States. 
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01 Jun 1926 WW2 Holland was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jun 1929 WW2 Captain Ralph A. Koch was named the commanding officer of USS Marblehead, replacing Captain Harry Kimball Cage. 
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01 Jun 1931 WW2 During this month cruiser Köln traveled to Norway and conducted operations in the North Sea, Jutland, and the Baltic Sea. 
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01 Jun 1932 WW2 Chokai was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jun 1933 WW2 Werner Mölders was promoted to the rank of Fähnrich as he graduated from the Dresden military academy. 
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01 Jun 1933 WW2 Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant was established in Chelyabinsk, Russia.  
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01 Jun 1934 WW2 Bernhard Rust officially assumed his position as the Minister of Science, Education and National Culture (Reichserziehungsminister) of Germany. 
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01 Jun 1934 WW2 The first AMR 33 light tanks were delivered to the French Army. 
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01 Jun 1934 WW2 Mutsu was assigned to the Yokosuka Naval District, Japan. 
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01 Jun 1935 WW2 First World War fighter ace Ernst Udet joined the Luftwaffe with the rank of colonel (Oberst). Official funds were made available to purchase two American Helldiver aircraft for Udet's personal use as a bribe to entice him back into the military fold. 
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01 Jun 1935 WW2 German Army formed the Mountain Brigade. 
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01 Jun 1936 WW2 The British Air Ministry released Production Scheme F, which called for the production of 1,000 new fighters. 
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01 Jun 1937 WW2 Lieutenant Commander Isamu Fujita was named the commanding officer of destroyer Yuzuki. 
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01 Jun 1937 WW2 The keel of HMS Howe was laid down by the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company at Govan, Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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01 Jun 1938 WW2 British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain told journalists that Sudeten Germans should be given more independence. 
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01 Jun 1938 WW2 Dong Zhao was named the deputy commander of anti-air defenses of Shaanxi Province. 
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01 Jun 1938 WW2 The German Army established an airborne battalion, two years after the Luftwaffe. 
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01 Jun 1939 WW2 The Japanese Navy deployed a new code, later to be named JN-25 by Allied code breakers. 
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01 Jun 1939 WW2 The Focke-Wulf Fw-190 fighter made its maiden flight at Bremen, Germany. The aircraft displayed excellent handling characteristics and was highly maneuverable but suffered from engine overheating problems which required the fitting on a redesigned engine cowling to overcome. 
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01 Jun 1939 WW2 Kiyoshi Ito joined the Yokosuka Naval Air Group. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 Overnight, British troops pulled out of the defensive line around Durkirk, France and headed for the ships, leaving French troops to hold a reduced perimeter. After day break, German bombing sank French destroyer Le Foudroyant (killing 19), British destroyers HMS Basilisk (killing 9; scuttled by destroyer HMS Whitehall), HMS Havant (killing 8, scuttled by minesweeper HMS Saltash), and HMS Keith (killing 36). British minesweeper HMS Skipjack was bombed after embarking 275 soldiers from the beach, taking down 19 crew and most of the boarded soldiers. British steamer Scotia was bombed and sunk, killing 32 crew and 200 to 300 soldiers. 47,081 Allied troops were evacuated from the harbor and 17,348 from the beaches. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 British unemployment figure decreased by 92,000 in May 1940 to 881,000. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 The wreck of British trawler HMS Warwickshire, sunk by aircraft on 30 Apr 1940 off Trondheim, Norway, was raised and put into service. She would remain in German service until sunk by Soviet submarine S-56 on 19 Jul 1943. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 German submarine U-37 sank Greek ship Ioanna 120 miles west of Cape Finisterre, Spain at 2300 hours. The entire crew survived. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 US freighter Charles R. McCormick departed Bergen, Norway for the United States. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 Lord Gort was made the aide-de-camp to King George VI. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 Heinz Guderian was named the commander of Panzer Group Guderian. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 Douglas Bader achieved his first kill, which was a German Bf 109 fighter. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 Slovakia established diplomatic relationship with the Japanese-sponsored puppet state of Manchukuo. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 French industrial targets in the Rhône Valley were bombed by the German Luftwaffe. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 Under a heavy German air raid at Dunkerque, France, Sergeant George Benton, RAMC, was carrying wounded men on stretchers to a ship at the East Mole when a bomb blew a hole in the walkway. Unflinching, he calmly placed a stretcher over the gap and carried on with the evacuation of the wounded. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 British troops at Narvik, Norway began evacuating to reinforce Britain itself from a potential invasion. British ambassador to Norway Sir Cecil Dormer informed Norwegian King Haakon VII of the news and recommended the royal family and the government to evacuate as well. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 Signposts were taken down throughout Britain to prevent use by possible enemy parachutists. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 Battleship Washington was launched at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, Pennsylvania, United States. She was the first American battleship to be launched since the 1921 launching of battleship West Virginia. 
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01 Jun 1940 WW2 A unit of the newly formed US Marine Corps Defense Battalions completed the Minor Landing and Base Defense Exercise at San Clemente Island, California, United States. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 A pro-British government was established in Iraq under Amir Abdul Illah, restoring the monarchy. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 Before dawn, British cruiser HMS Phoebe, minelayer HMS Abdiel, and destroyers HMS Jackal, HMS Kimberley, and HMS Hotspur embarked 3,710 Allied troops at Sphakia, Crete, Greece and departed; the force would arrive safely at Alexandria, Egypt later on the same day. Anti-aircraft cruisers HMS Calcutta and HMS Coventry were dispatched from Alexandria to cover this force; HMS Calcutta was attacked by Axis aircraft, sinking at 0945 hours with 118 lost and 255 wounded. Although the Allied efforts had evacuated 16,511 men from Crete, 5,000 still remained; they would be surrendered by Australian Lieutenant Colonel Theo Walker by the end of the day, thus ending the German campaign on Crete. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 Mildred Tuttle married David Axton and took her husband's last name. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 German submarine U-105 sank the ship Scottish Monarch southwest of the Cape Verde Islands at 0052 hours; 1 was killed, 44 survived. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 German submarine U-107 sank British ship Alfred Jones 140 miles off Freetown, Sierra Leone, British West Africa at 1409 hours; 14 were killed, 62 survived and rescued by British corvette HMS Marguerite. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 Before dawn, German bombers attacked Merseyside, England, United Kingdom in the early hours of the day. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 In the Soviet Union, 793,500 conscripts were called up. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 HMS Edinburgh was ordered to patrol the Denmark Strait. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 Erich Müller was made the military governor of the Channel Islands, succeeding Rudolf von Schmettow. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 German cruiser Prinz Eugen arrived in Brest, France to join battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau docked there for refits. 
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01 Jun 1941 WW2 Clothing rationing was introduced in Britain. Everyone was allowed 66 clothing coupons a year; equivalent to about one complete outfit. A man's overcoat cost 16 coupons; a dress 11; a pair of pyjamas eight; a nightdress six; underpants four; a pair of stockings two; a handerchief could be had for half a coupon. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 French, Dutch, Belgian, Croatian, Slovakian, and Romanian Jews were ordered to wear yellow stars. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 Heinrich Himmler was placed in charge of Luftschutz, or Air Raid Protection, in Germany. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 Hitler traveled to Poltava to confer with Feldmarschall von Bock on the next offensive. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 The Japanese Navy changed its operational code. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 German submarine U-404 sank US freighter West Notus with gunfire 400 kilometers east of North Carolina, United States, killing 4 of 40 aboard. Further east in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, U-566 sank British ship Westmoreland; 3 were killed, 65 survived. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 German submarine U-107 sank Panamanian ship Bushranger west of Cuba at 0354 hours; 17 were killed, 26 survived. At 1140 hours, U-106 sank US freighter Hampton Roads 150 kilometers west of Havana, Cuba; 7 were killed, 23 survived. At the end of the day at 2351 hours, U-156 sank Brazilian ship Alegrete between Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent in the Antilles islands; all 64 aboard survived. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 USS S-28 suffered a fire in her port main motor, but it was extinguished with minor damage. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 Mexico declared war on Germany. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 The United States Marine Corps began recruiting African-Americans. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 Rear Admiral Sadayoshi Yamada asked Vice Admiral Nishizo Tsukahara for the authorization to build an airfield on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 Two Japanese midget submarines entered Sydney Harbor in Australia in the final hours of the previous day. One of them, M-24, was able to fired two torpedoes at cruiser USS Chicago just after 0000 hours; missing the American cruiser, one of the torpedoes hit the breakwater, sinking nearby barracks ship HMAS Kuttabul (21 were killed, 10 were wounded). M-24 would be able to escape the harbor; her crew abandoned the midget submarine 13 miles north of Sydney but was never seen again. The other midget submarine was depth charged and destroyed by Australian auxiliary patrol boats HMAS Steady Hour, HMAS Sea Mist, and HMAS Yarroma at 0500 hours, killing both men aboard. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 956 British bombers (545 Wellington, 127 Halifax, 77 Stirling, 74 Lancaster, 71 Hampden, 33 Manchester, 29 Whitley) attacked Essen, Germany, causing little damage; 31 bombers were lost on this attack. This attack was billed as a 1,000-bomber raid. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 Joseph Rochefort's cryptanalytic team in Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii reported signs that their counterparts in Japan were monitoring carrier radio traffic in the Hawaiian Islands; Rochefort warned Nimitz of this fact, but the US carrier groups would not change their behavior. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 Axis tanks broke through positions held by British 150th Brigade at Sidi Muftah, killing Brigadier Clive Haydon, which caused 3,000 British troops to surrender. This cut off the last remaining supply line into Bir Hakeim. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille shot down the P-40 fighter piloted by British Pilot Officer Collet over Gadd el Ahmar, Libya; it was his 69th kill. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 The Treblinka Concentration Camp in Poland began operation. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 8 ships of the Allied convoy PQ-16 arrived at Arkhangelsk, Russia. On the same day, German Ju 88 bombers attacked the harbor at Archangelsk, sinking the ship Steel Worker and damaging Soviet submarine ShCh-404. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 The keel of carrier Colossus was laid down. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 USS Saratoga departed San Diego, California for Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. 
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01 Jun 1942 WW2 USS Whale was commissioned into service with Lieutenant Commander John Azer in command. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 Air Vice Marshal Roderic M. Hill became the commanding officer of the No. 12 Group RAF. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 US submarines began active operations against Japanese shipping. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 The Allies formed the 2nd Tactical Air Force in England, United Kingdom. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 Bryansk, Orel, and Smolensk in Russia were attacked by Soviet aircraft. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 Anthony Eden announced that British casualties in first three years of war were 92,089 killed, 226,719 missing, 88,294 wounded, and 107,891 captured. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 The 4th Moroccan Mountain Division was raised from the 3rd Moroccan Infantry Division, but was not committed to Italy as a part of the French Expeditionary Force until Feb 1944. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 The actor Leslie Howard, who had played the Spitfire designer Reginald Mitchell in the propaganda film "The First of the Few", was killed when the KLM DC3 airliner in which he was travelling from Lisbon, Portugal was shot down in flames by German Luftwaffe fighters over the Bay of Biscay. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 B-17E bomber "Texas #6" was shot down over Waterfall Bay, New Britain by A6M Zero fighters. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 US aircraft attacked Japanese troop transports near Yichang, Hubei Province, China, sinking several vessels and drowning a number of Japanese troops in the Yangtze River. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Part of Fighting Squadron 9 (VF-9; Model F6F-3) on board. Part of Torpedo Squadron 9 (VT-9; Model TBF-1) on board. Bombing Squadron 9 (VB-9; Model SBD-4) on board. Part of Fleet Air Base Unit 1 departed. Part of Bombing Sq 137 (VB-137; Model PV-1) departed. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 Throughout this month, Shokaku was in and around the Kure-Tokuyama area, Japan. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 Abdul Hossein Aziz became the first Afghan ambassador to the United States. 
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01 Jun 1943 WW2 The USAAF's 58th Very Heavy Bombardment Wing was activated at Marietta, Georgia, United States in preparation for the delivery of B-29 Superfortress bombers to be employed on strategic attacks on targets in Japan. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Cod arrived at Fremantle, Australia, ending her third war patrol. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 The US submarine Herring was reported lost in the Kurile Islands, presumed sunk by Japanese shore batteries on Matua Island, whilst on patrol near Matsuwa Island. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Pintado fired six torpedoes at a Japanese convoy in the Philippine Sea, scoring several hits, sinking Toho Maru and damaging another. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 In his diary, William Slim privately complained of Louis Mountbatten's lack of vision and Henry Pownall's laziness. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 US Brigadier General Haydon L. Boatner was appointed to command the Myitkyina Task Force in Burma. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Permit completed lifeguard duty in the Caroline Islands. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 British troops captured Frosinone, Italy. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 In a Daily Telegraph crossword puzzle the solution to 15 Down was "Neptune", the codename for the D-Day naval assault. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Franklin departed San Diego, California, United States. 
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01 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Hawkbill departed Manitowoc, Wisconsin, United States. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 458 American B-29 bombers attacked Osaka harbor, Japan in poor weather. 148 P-51 Mustang fighters flew in escort, and 27 were lost, many due to collisions due to poor visibility. 6 ships were sunk by the attack while another 6 were damaged; many naval mines were also laid in the harbor. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 Knowing the fate that would await them at the hands of the Soviets, a pitched battle broke out between British troops and the 28,000 strong Cossack Corps (White Russians who had always opposed the Communists and had been fighting for the Germans), when it was announced that they were to be repatriated to the Russian zone of Austria. Some 700 Cossacks and their families were killed by the British, trampled to death or commit suicide. Almost all the Cossacks who were sent back disappeared without trace. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Makin Island departed Okinawa, Japan area for Guam, Mariana Islands. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 The Japanese Navy 10th Air Fleet attached to the Combined Fleet was reorganized to contain eight air groups. The 13th Air Fleet attached to the 10th Area Fleet was reorganized to contain one air flotilla and two air groups. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 The United States Marine Corps' Supply Service FMFPac, whose responsibilities included ensuring beach logistic supply to hostile shores, was redesignated as Service Command FMFPac to control the scattered island bases and service and supply battalions spread across the Pacific Ocean. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 The United States Marine Corps 7th and 8th Field Depots were redesignated as service regiments and reorganized to include headquarters and service, motor transport, and supply and maintenance battalions. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Chub gave chase to a Japanese convoy in the Java Sea, firing two spreads of three torpedoes on separate occasions; all torpedoes missed. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Sea Robin departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her third war patrol. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Pintado departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her fifth war patrol on lifeguard station off Japan. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Skipjack departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 Light carrier Hosho was assigned to the habor defense force at Kure, Japan as a reserve ship, which meant her crew was reduced to half the standard complement size. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 I-401 departed Kure, Japan 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 Japanese submarines I-13 and I-14 arrived at Nanao Bay, Japan. 
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01 Jun 1945 WW2 Georgy Zhukov was made a Hero of the Soviet Union for the third time. 
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01 Jun 1946 WW2 Cumberland was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Jun 1946 WW2 During a Soviet High Military Council meeting Joseph Stalin accused Georgy Zhukov of plotting. Zhukov was in turn demoted to head the Odessa Military District. 
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01 Jun 1946 WW2 Ivan Konev replaced Georgy Zhukov as the head of Soviet Ground Troops. 
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01 Jun 1946 WW2 USS Sterlet arrived at Shanghai, China. 
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01 Jun 1946 WW2 Ion Antonescu was executed in Romania. 
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01 Jun 1946 WW2 USS Whale was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Jun 1947 WW2 The United States ended the rationing of sugar. 
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01 Jun 1948 WW2 Littorio was decommissioned from service. 
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