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History on the 10th of June

History
Date Text
10 Jun 1692 RELIGIOUS Bridget Bishop became the first person hanged for witchcraft, during the ordeal known to history as the 'Salem Witch Trials.' In all, 20 people died before theological jurisprudence was restored in this isolated Puritan community in Massachusetts.
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10 Jun 1850 RELIGIOUS The American Bible Union was founded, organized by church leaders who had broken from the American and Foreign Bible Society.
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10 Jun 1854 RELIGIOUS Eventually to become the first African- American Roman Catholic bishop, James Augustine Healy, 24, was ordained a priest in Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris.
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10 Jun 1919 WW2 USS Arizona arrived at Istanbul, Turkey and disembarked United States consul-at-large Leland F. Morris on board. 
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10 Jun 1919 WW2 Captain Hiroshi Furukawa was named the commanding officer of Settsu. 
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10 Jun 1920 WW2 In Warsaw the Polish cabinet collapsed causing political turmoil and widespread panic; it would be two weeks before a new government was formed. Some factions pressed for peace negotiations with the Bolsheviks, but Pilsudski clung to the hope that the western Allies would come to Poland's assistance. 
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10 Jun 1920 WW2 Kiev, Ukraine was evacuated by the Polish forces and the Bolsheviks marched in. 
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10 Jun 1921 WW2 Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark (later Duke of Edinburgh) was born at Corfu, Greece. 
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10 Jun 1922 WW2 The keel of Naka was laid down by Mitsubishi-owned Yokohama Dock Company in Yokohama, Japan. 
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10 Jun 1924 WW2 Fascists kidnapped and killed Italian socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome, Italy; Matteotti had just accused the Fascists of fraud ten days earlier. 
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10 Jun 1925 RELIGIOUS The United Church of Canada was formed, uniting both the Methodist and Presbyterian denominations of Canada. The merger also took in 3,000 independent Canadian Congregational churches.
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 Norway surrendered to Germany. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 Italy declared war on France and the United Kingdom, to be effective on the following day. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 American cruiser USS Vincennes and destroyers USS Truxton and USS Simpson departed Casablanca, French Morocco for the United States with 200 tons of gold from the French reserves. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 German aircraft attacked and sank British armed boarding vessel HMS Vandyck off Andenes, Norway, killing 7. 161 survivors were taken prisoner after reaching shore. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 British transport ships of Group I reached Clyde, Scotland at 0600 hours with troops evacuated from Narvik, Norway. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt gave a speech at the graduation ceremony of the University of Virginia School of Law in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, declaring that the Italian declaration of war on France was like "the hand that held the dagger has struck it in the back of its neighbor". His son, Franklin Roosevelt, Jr., was among those who received degrees that day. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 Canada declared war on Italy. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 Destroyer USS O'Brien arrived at Bahia, Brazil during her shakedown cruise. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 Japanese bombers attacked Chongqing, China at 1300 hours; Chinese fighters claimed 5 Japanese aircraft shot down in Bishan County west of the temporary capital, including one G3M bomber. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 The Gestapo organization took control of the Theresienstadt Fortress in occupied Czechoslovakia and began its conversion into a concentration camp. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 Erwin Rommel's troops continued to march down the French coast, now west of Paris, France. To the east, Heinz Guderian's tanks advanced towards Chalons-sur-Marne, threatening Paris, causing the French government to move to Tours, declaring Paris an open city. In Operation Cycle, 3,321 Allied troops embarked aboard ships at St-Valery-en-Caux for evacuation, and 11,059 embarked ships at Le Havre to be transferred to Cherbourg for continued fighting. Off of Le Havre, British destroyers HMS Bulldog and HMS Boadicea were damaged by aircraft, killing 6. HMS Bulldog would have to be towed back and remained out of commission until Feb 1941. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 Rear Admiral David M. LeBreton relieved Rear Admiral Charles E. Courtney as Commander of US Navy Squadron 40-T on board light cruiser USS Trenton at Lisbon, Portugal. 
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10 Jun 1940 WW2 US passenger liner Washington arrived at Lisbon, Portugal to embark Americans desiring passage to the United States via Ireland. Destroyer USS Dickerson arrived from French Morocco with Americans who wished to board the passenger liner. 
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10 Jun 1941 WW2 Desperate for sources of raw materials, Japanese leadership was infuriated when the United States won the contract to purchase all the Tungsten mined in Bolivia over the next three years. 
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10 Jun 1941 WW2 Allied troops captured several villages in the French Mandate of Syria and the Lebanon as they advanced toward Beirut. 
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10 Jun 1941 WW2 British steamship Royal Scot hit an acoustic mine and sank in the Humber estuary on the eastern coast of England, United Kingdom. Patrol vessel HMS Pintail arrived to assist, but also struck a mine, sinking immediately; 55 were killed aboard Pintail, 22 survived. 
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10 Jun 1941 WW2 Lord Simon met with Rudolf Heß for 2.5 hours, during which Hess asked Lord Simon to work with the British government to negotiate peace with Germany. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 After sunset, an unidentified submarine fired two torpedoes at Yamato about 100 miles north-northeast of Minami-Torishima (Marcus Island). Yamato and the other ships in the Main Body turn to port and both torpedoes miss. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 A massive German 33-division offensive was launched from the Kharkov region of Ukraine. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 US patrol aircraft discovered the presence of Japanese troops on Kiska and Attu in the Aleutian Islands in the North Pacific. In Japan, the Information Bureau announced that during the Battle of Midway, one Japanese carrier and two US carriers were sunk; one Japanese carrier returned to Japan with some damage. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 German Stuka dive bombers preceded another assault on the French-held fort at Bir Hakeim, Libya, but the defense repulsed another infantry attack. By the end of the day, the French troops had practically run out of ammunition; at 2300 hours, Kœnig began the process to evacuate from the fort. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 The US Army attached the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment to the 101st Airborne Division. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 German submarine U-107 sank US ship Merrimack 60 miles south of Cozumel, Mexico at about 0520 hours; 43 were killed, 10 survived. In the Caribbean Sea, U-68 sank British ship Ardenvohr at 0520 hours (1 was killed, 70 survived), British ship Surrey also at about 0520 hours (12 were killed, 55 survived), and British ship port Montreal shortly before 2359 hours (all 88 aboard survived, but 2 would die before being rescued). 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 German submarine U-81 attacked Allied convoy AT-49 7 miles off the Egyptian coast 50 miles west of Alexandria, sinking British ship Havre at 0218 hours; 20 were killed, 30 survived). At 0456 hours, U-559 also attacked the same convoy, damaging Norwegian tanker Athene (detonating her store of aviation fuel which would lead to her sinking on 12 Jun 1942; 14 were killed, 17 survived) and damaging Royal Fleet Auxiliary oiler Brambleleaf (7 were killed, 53 survived). 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 Soviet submarine D-3 became missing in the Barents Sea, probably lost in the Bantos-A minefield off Rybachy Peninsula near Murmansk, Russia or the Schpeer III minefield off Berlevog, Norway. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 HMS Dianthus rescued 32 survivors of British merchant ship Empire Clough in the Atlantic Ocean. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 Lieutenant Charles Conway Hartigan Jr. stepped down as the commanding officer of the suvivors of sunken USS Hammann. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 German submarine U-157 sank US tanker Hagan just off the northern coast of Cuba, killing 6 of 44 aboard. German submarine U-94 attacked Allied convoy ONS-100 880 miles east of Newfoundland, at 0340 hours, sinking British ship Empire Clough (5 were killed, 44 survived) and British ship Ramsay (40 were killed, 7 survived). At the mouth of the Saint Lawrence River several kilometers off Anticosti Island, Quebec, Canada, U-553 sank British freighter Nicoya and then several hours later Dutch freighter Leto. In the evening, U-129 sank Norwegian ship LA Christensen 340 miles south of Bermuda at 2006 hours; all 31 aboard survived. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 Czechoslovakian towns of Lidice and Lezáky, incorrectedly linked to the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, were wiped out per personal orders of Adolf Hitler; all males were murdered; all females were deported to the Ravensbrück concentration camp, and all buildings were leveled to the ground. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 The Italian Air Force formed the "Loreto" combat engineers battalion at Cameri airfield near Novara, Italy. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 Over Mteifel Chebir, Libya, Hans-Joachim Marseille shot down three P-40 fighters at 0735 hours, 0741 hours, and 0745 hours. At 0750 hours, at the far range of 500 feet, he shot down the Hurricane II fighter piloted by Pilot Officer A. J. Hancock. His score now stood at 81. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 US Navy Task Force 18 was formed with carrier Wasp, battleship North Carolina, cruisers Quincy and San Juan, and 6 destroyers near the Panama Canal Zone. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 At Auschwitz Concentration Camp, about 50 Polish prisoners in the penal company attempted to escape while working at a drainage ditch in Birkenau; it was the first mass escape in the history of the camp. 9 were able to escape successfully. In response, the SS guards executed 20 prisoners by firing squad and sent 300 prisoners from the penal company in the gas chamber. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 German dive bombers sank Soviet destroyer Svobodnyy and transport Abkhaziya in port at Sevastopol, Russia. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 Soviet 2nd Shock Army, largely surrounded by German forces on the Volkhov River near Leningrad, Russia since mid-Jan 1942, began to extract itself from its disadvantageous position by using using grounds that were firming up due to the warmer weather. 
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10 Jun 1942 WW2 The keel of submarine Escolar was laid down by William Cramp and Sons at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. 
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10 Jun 1943 WW2 The keel of what would become USS Blackfin was laid down. 
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10 Jun 1943 WW2 USAAF and RAF began a coordinated air offensive with the RAF over Europe, conducting area bombing at night and the USAAF flying precision bombing raids by day. The British Assistant Chief of the Air Staff noted that the primary objective of bombing campaign was "the destruction of German air-frame, engine and component factories and the ball-bearing industry on which the strength of the German fighter force depend" and the secondary objective was "the general disorganization of those industrial areas associated with the above industries". 
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10 Jun 1943 WW2 Doneff was commissioned into service. 
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10 Jun 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 9 departed for USS Essex. 
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10 Jun 1943 WW2 USS Flying Fish damaged a Japanese transport off Japan, hitting her with 1 of 3 torpedoes fired. 
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10 Jun 1943 WW2 Vice Admiral Masakuni Yamagata was named the commanding officer of Takao Guard District in southern Taiwan. 
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10 Jun 1943 WW2 The work to extend HMCS Trillium's forecastle at Boston Navy Yard, Massachusetts, United States was completed. 
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10 Jun 1943 WW2 While under construction, Shamrock Bay's hull number changed from ACV-84 to CVE-84. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 Yamato departed Tawi-Tawi for Batjan, Halmahera at 1600 hours for Operation KON; this was reported by American Submarine USS Harder. Shortly after, the Japanese fleet spotted a periscope and carried out evasive maneuvers that nearly resulted in a collision between Yamato and Musashi. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 The town of Oradour-sur-Glane in central France was destroyed. Nearly all of its 652 inhabitants were killed by troops of the SS Division Das Reich; only 10 survived the massacre with fire and machine gunning. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Mingo arrived at Manus, Admiralty Islands for training. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 German SS troops massacred 218 civilians at Distomo, central Greece, in revenge for losing seven men in a partisan ambush. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Hawkbill arrived at New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 Chinese troops captured Lungling, Yunnan Province, China. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 Former Chinese light cruiser Pinghai was renamed Yasoshima. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 Kittyhawk fighters of No. 80 Squadron RAAF shot down a Japanese Ki-61 aircraft over New Guinea island. This was the last Commonwealth Kittyhawk fighter victory of the war. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 RAF Lancaster and Halifax bombers attacked four airfields in France. At Leval, where German fighter-bombers were operating in attacks on the invasion beaches, the runway was cratered in several places, interrupting sorties for 48 hours. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 The German High Command commended Italian "Folgore" parachute regiment. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Parts of Air Group 19 on board. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Harder detected a Japanese fleet in the Celebes Sea consisted of three battleships, four cruisers, and a number of destroyers, but was in turn spotted by a Japanese aircraft. As destroyers approached her position, she moved forward and fired three torpedoes before diving, hitting one destroyer with 2 hits. She survived a two-hour depth charge attack. 
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10 Jun 1944 WW2 The US Eighth Army was activated in the United States under the command of Lieutenant General Robert Eichelberger. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 Australian troops landed at Brunei, Borneo and at Bougainville, Solomon Islands. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 Montgomery and Eisenhower were decorated with the Order of Victory by Marshal Zhukov in Germany. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 The Fletcher-class destroyer USS William D. Porter was sunk by a Japanese special attack aircraft off Okinawa, Japan. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Flying Fish sank a Japanese cargo ship off the coast of Korea in the Sea of Japan, hitting her with 1 of 3 torpedoes fired. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Dragonet arrived at Guam, Mariana Islands, ending her second war patrol. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Sterlet arrived at Midway, ending her fourth war patrol. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Skate sank Japanese submarine I-222 in the Sea of Japan. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 N. A. Korolev was made the head of Soviet TsGV Counterintelligence Directorate and Ya. A. Yedunov the head of SGV Counterintelligence Directorate. 
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10 Jun 1945 WW2 George Patton addressed a crowd of 100,000 civilians in Burbank, California, United States. 
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10 Jun 1946 WW2 Casablanca was decommissioned from service. 
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10 Jun 1946 WW2 USS Manta was decommissioned from service and was placed in the Pacific Reserve Fleet. 
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10 Jun 1946 WW2 The US III Amphibious Corps (IIIAC) was redesignated as Marine Forces, China, and greatly down-sized. 
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10 Jun 1946 WW2 USS Sterlet departed Shanghai, China. 
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10 Jun 1983 RELIGIOUS The Presbyterian Church (USA) was formed in Atlanta, through a reunification of the United Presbyterian Church (UPCUSA) and the Southern Presbyterian Church (PCUS).
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