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History on the 25th of June

History
Date Text
25 Jun 1115 RELIGIOUS St. Bernard founded a monastery in Clairvaux, France. It afterward became a strategic center for the Cistercians, a religious order that flourished up until the Reformation.
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25 Jun 1580 RELIGIOUS The German 'Book of Concord' was published, containing all the official confessions of the Lutheran Church. (English translations of the entire work were not available before 1851.)
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25 Jun 1744 RELIGIOUS The first Methodist conference convened, in London. This new society within Anglicanism imposed strict disciplines upon its members, formally separating from the Established Church in 1795.
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25 Jun 1865 RELIGIOUS English pioneer missionary J. Hudson Taylor founded the China Inland Mission. Its headquarters moved to the US in 1901, and in 1965 its name became Overseas Missionary Fellowship (OMF) International.
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25 Jun 1916 WW2 A Shinto ceremony was held at the site of the future General Government Building in Keijo (now Seoul), Korea to bless the construction work. 
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25 Jun 1918 WW2 At Vladivostok, Russia, the Czech Legion, still convinced that they were to play their part in opening a new front against the Germans, decided to strike westwards again, after first deposing of the Vladivostok Soviet and bringing the town under Allied control. 
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25 Jun 1920 WW2 USS Arizona arrived at New York City, New York, United States. 
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25 Jun 1923 WW2 Oswald Mosley's son Nicholas Mosley was born. 
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25 Jun 1926 WW2 Wang Zhi graduated from the Qinghua School in Beiping, China. 
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25 Jun 1931 WW2 The keel of Admiral Scheer was laid down by Reichsmarinewerft in Wilhelmshaven, Germany. 
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25 Jun 1934 WW2 German Army General Werner von Fritsch put the army on alert based on the intelligence of a possible putsch by the Nazi Party SA organization. 
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25 Jun 1938 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt signed the Fair Labor Standards Act, establishing minimum wages and maximum work hours in the United States. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 An act by the United States Congress abolished the US Navy Construction Corps. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 Destroyer USS O'Brien departed Buenos Aires, Argentina for Rio Grande du Sol, Brazil. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 The Franco-German Armistice, signed on 22 Jun, took effect at 0030 hours. After fighting ceased, French losses totaled 92,000 killed, 250,000 wounded, and 1,500,000 captured. British losses were 68,111 killed, wounded, or captured. German losses were 29,640 killed and 133,573 wounded and missing. Italian losses were 631 killed, 4,782 wounded, and 616 missing. France declared a National day of mourning, while Hitler ordered the flying of flags and pealing of bells in Germany to celebrate "the most glorious victory of all time". 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 After the Germans made the French surrender at Compiègne, France, the site of the German surrender in 1918, Adolf Hitler ordered the site destroyed, including the rail car used for both 1918 and 1940 surrenders. The statue of Marshal Ferdinand Foch was spared. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 German submarine U-51 attacked Allied convoy OA-172 about 370 miles west of Land's End in southwestern England between 1545 and 1930 hours, sinking British steamer Windsorwood (all 40 survived) and British tanker Saranac (4 killed, 39 survived). 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 Canadian destroyers HMCS Fraser and HMCS Restigouche and British cruiser HMS Calcutta were sent to evacuate 4,000 Allied troops near Bordeaux, France. En route, in rough seas and poor visibility, HMCS Fraser collided with HMS Calcutta. The smaller Canadian destroyer broke into three pieces and sank. 47 of Fraser's crew and 19 of Calcutta's crew were killed. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 British Minister of Health Malcolm MacDonald returned to Dublin, Ireland with a proposal from Winston Churchill for a joint union between Eire and Ulster to afford sanctruary for British troops and Irish ports for Royal Navy use. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 The Franco-German armistice became effective, officially ending all hostilities. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 Lord Gort departed Britain by flying boat for Rabat, French Morocco to speak with French ministers; political situations would prevent him from successfully meeting with the French. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 Isolationist advertising appeared in the American newspaper New York Times; Germany secretly funded this advertising. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 Working together with the Germans, Spain agreed to assist with the German attempt to detain the Duke of Windsor, the former King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 Pierre François Boisson was named the Governor-General of French West Africa. 
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25 Jun 1940 WW2 Wolfgang Falck arrived at Düsseldorf, Germany. 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 Soviet Air Force attacked several Finnish airfields, hoping to destroy Luftwaffe aircraft believed to be stationed there. 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 Lithuanian militiamen in Kovno were encouraged by German security officers to stage a pogrom, and that night 1,500 Jews were murdered with particular savagery. 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 Douglas Bader shot down two German Bf 109F aircraft. 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 British submarine HMS Parthian sank French submarine Souffleur by torpedo off Syria. 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 French Lieutenant E. Boulé, a prisoner of war at Oflag IV-C at Colditz Castle, Germany, was nearly successful at his escape. Dressed as a young German woman and readily walking away from the castle, he accidentally dropped his watch and was caught when a German guard returned the watch to him. 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 Colonel General Vasily Kuznetsov was ordered by Semyon Timoshenko to organize a defense along the Daugava River (Western Dvina). 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 In Stockholm, Sweden the Riksdag sanctioned the passage of the German Wehrmacht's Engelbrecht Division from Norway across Swedish soil to the front in Finland. 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 German Army 1.Panzergruppe captured Dubno and Lutsk in Ukraine. 
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25 Jun 1941 WW2 During the day, a report was released that, for the week ending at 0600 hours on 25 Jun 1941, about 39 people were killed and 116 were seriously injured in Britain due to German bombing; none of the casualties were from London, England, United Kingdom. After dark, German bombers bombed Southampton, England, United Kingdom and dropped many naval mines in surrounding waters. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Sir Arthur Harris of the RAF Bomber Command launched the third Thousand Bomber Raid, this time sending 1,067 aircraft (including some aircraft from Coastal Command and Army Cooperation Command) to attack Bremen, Germany; only 696 reported successfully reaching the city. The RAF Bomber Command lost 48 aircraft, half of which had inexperienced crews recruited from training squadrons flying worn out aircraft; the RAF Coastal Command lost 5 aircraft. 572 houses were destroyed, 6,108 were damaged. 85 were killed, while 497 were wounded and 2,378 were made homeless. An assembly shop at the Focke-Wulf factory was destroyed, while the Bremer Vulkan shipyard and nearby docks and warehouses were also damaged. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Claude Auchinleck assumed personal command of the British Eighth Army. Meanwhile, Arthur Coningham launched around-the-clock bombing of Erwin Rommel's advancing army in North Africa. The Luftwaffe, weakened by operations at Bir Hakeim and Tobruk, could only put up 50% of their available aircraft to counter the Allied attacks. This allowed the 8th Army to successfully occupy positions at El Alamein positions, whilst the German and Italians were left short of fuel and supplies. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Ernest King ordered the preparation for an offensive in the lower Solomon Islands; Santa Cruz, Tulagi, and other nearby islands were to be assaulted by US Marines. To that end, US PBY Catalina aircraft bombed Tulagi. US Army also began to form occupation garrisons for the occupation of these islands. The planned launch date for the offensive was set for 1 Aug 1942. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Dong Zhao was named the deputy commanding officer of the 34th Army. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Three PBY Catalina aircraft rescued survivors of USS S-27 off Amchitka Island, Aleutian Islands. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 German submarine U-404 attacked an Allied convoy 75 miles off Cape Lookout, North Carolina, United States at 0116 hours, sinking Panamanian SS Nordal (all 32 aboard survived) and damaging US ship Manuela (2 were killed, 40 survived). Before dawn, German submarine U-153 sank British ship Anglo-Canadian 720 miles northeast of Saint Kitts; 1 was killed, 49 survived; the crew of U-153 gave survivors drinking water and cigarettes before leaving the scene of the attack. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Lieutenant General Neil Ritchie was fired by Claude Auchinleck following the loss of Tobruk, Libya. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 USS Finback departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her first war patrol. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Joseph Rochefort officially assumed the role of the temporary chief of the Intelligence Center of Pacific Ocean Areas of the US Navy Pacific Fleet based in Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 USS Nautilus sank Japanese destroyer Yamakaze with 2 torpedoes 60 miles south of Tokyo Bay, Japan; all 226 aboard were killed. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Soviet 2nd Shock Army, trapped on the Volkhov River near Leningrad, Russia since 30 May 1942, was defeated; General Vlasov ordered the 180,000 survivors to break up into small groups to attempt to escape back to Soviet lines to the east; only 120,000 men would succeed. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Major General Dwight D. Eisenhower arrived in London, England, United Kingdom and was appointed the Commander of US Forces in Europe. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 At the conclusion of the Second Washington Conference, Roosevelt and Churchill decided to combine the atomic bomb research efforts of US and UK, among other topics of discussion. As Tobruk in North Africa fell under Axis control, Churchill headed back to Britain, pondering a shift in command in North Africa in order for him to maintain his political power in London. 
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25 Jun 1942 WW2 Saratoga delivered 25 P-40 Warhawk fighters and 18 SBD Dauntless dive bombers to Midway Atoll. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 The minesweeper USS Advocate was transferred to the Soviet Union under the Lend-Lease act. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 Naka arrived at Nauru and disembarked 412 troops of No. 2 Yokosuka Special Naval Landing Force; she departed later in the day. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 Hubert Lanz was given command of XXXXIX Gebirgskorps. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 USS Mingo departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her first war patrol. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 USS Pollack arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her seventh war patrol. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 The first Italian "M" armored division was formed near Rome, Italy as Mussolini's bodyguard unit. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 As part of the preparation for the invasion of Sicily, Italy (Operation Husky) some 130 American B-17 bombers from the Northwest African Tactical Air Force dropped over 300 tons of bombs on Messina, Italy. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 USS S-35 arrived in the Kurile Islands. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 USS Harder sank a Japanese transport and damaged another off Japan, hitting each with 1 torpedo, expending 7 torpedoes in this attack. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 Rear Admiral Katsuya Sato was named the chief of staff of Chinkai Guard District in southern Korea. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 The German Foreign Ministry representative in the Netherlands reported that 102,000 of the 140,000 Dutch Jews had been deported. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 Jews in the ghetto of Czestochowa, Poland revolted; German authorities destroyed the ghetto in response. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 Crematorium III began operation at Auschwitz Concentration Camp. The camp now had the capacity of cremating 4,756 bodies per day. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 The Karenko Prisoners of War Camp in Karenko (now Hualien) in eastern Taiwan was closed. 
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25 Jun 1943 WW2 The keel for the future submarine Trepang was laid down at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard in California, United States. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 Operation Epsom began with British Second Army's offensive near Caen, France. To the west, with naval gunfire support, American ground forces engaged in street fighting in Cherbourg. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 General Kœnig was made the head of Free French Forces. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 US 83rd Infantry was temporarily attached to the VIII Corps of US First Army. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 Gurkha troops of the Chindits attacked Mogaung, Burma cautiously, having suffered heavy casualties during the assault two days prior. Meanwhile, the Japanese began to fall back from the town. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 Captain Maurice E. Curts was named the commanding officer of USS Columbia, relieving Captain Frank E. Beatty, Jr. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 Soviet troops launched a three-prong offensive at 0730 hours against Tali (now Paltsevo), Finland after a heavy artillery and air bombardment. Only the western prong breached Finnish lines, but it threatened to cut off the Finnish front lines. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 British No. 617 Squadron attacked the German V-2 store at Siracourt, France with 17 Lancaster, two Mosquito, and a Mustang (a gift from the USAAF) aircraft; the Mustang fighter was flown by Leonard Cheshire and used as a low-level marker aircraft. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Parts of ARGUS-15, ARGUS-17, and ARGUS-23 departed. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 At the Imperial Conference in Tokyo, Japan, Prince Hiroyasu advocated the use of special attacks by all branches of the military. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 Following a visit to British No. 617 Squadron at Woodhall Spa in England, United Kingdom by USAAF Generals Carl Spaatz and James Doolittle, a crated Mustang fighter was delivered as a gift from the United States to Wing Commander Leonard Cheshire. Cheshire wanted to use it that evening for a raid on the V-bomb site at Siracourt, France, and his mechanics worked all day removing the grease and the guns. One hour after the Lancaster bombers had taken off Cheshire followed in the Mustang fighter (which type he had never flown before) and he arrived in time to mark the target at low level for the heavy bombers. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Baya departed New London, Connecticut, United States for Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 The FR Fireball piston-jet mix-powered fighter took its first flight with only the piston engine equipped. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 Submarine Brill was launched at Groton, Connecticut, United States, sponsored by the wife of Rear Admiral Francis Low. 
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25 Jun 1944 WW2 USS Pompon arrived at Midway Atoll, ending her fifth war patrol. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 Austria was divided into 4 occupied zones. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 British Second Army was stood down and sent home. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 Four American destroyers sank four Japanese subchasers in the Kurile Islands. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 US Marines landed on Kumejima, Okinawa, Japan. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 At Guam, Mariana Islands, USS Wake Island loaded 9 F6F Hellcat fighters, 24 F4U Corsair fighters, 11 Avenger torpedo bombers, and two Piper J-3 Cub observation aircraft for a transport mission to Okinawa, Japan. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 HMCS Trillium was decommissioned from service. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Sea Cat arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her third war patrol. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 USS Parche attacked a large Japanese convoy off northern Japan, sinking one transport and damaging another with a total of 5 torpedo hits before before being driven off by counterattacks; she expended 7 torpedoes in this attack. 
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25 Jun 1945 WW2 Vice Admiral Jisaburo Ozawa ordered a special attack on the American anchorage at Ulithi, Caroline Islands. Operation Hikari was planned to use submarines I-13 and I-14 to bring Saiun aircraft over Ulithi for reconnaissance. Operation Arashi would then have submarines I-400 and I-401 bring Seiran aircraft to perform special attacks on American ships if the conditions were favorable. Kaiten special attack submarines were to attack at the same time as well. 
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25 Jun 1948 WW2 Joseph Rochefort requested the high school he dropped out of back in 1918 to grant him a diploma based on Rochefort's cryptanalysis and language work in the US Navy. 
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25 Jun 1957 RELIGIOUS During a convention in Cleveland, Ohio, the United Church of Christ (UCC) was formed by a merger of the Congregational Christian Church and the Evangelical and Reformed Church.
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24th June 26th June
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