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History on the 1st of July

History
Date Text
01 Jul 1911 WW2 The German gunboat Panther arrived at the port of Agadir, Morocco, sparking an immediate reaction from the French and the British governments. 
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01 Jul 1912 WW2 Settsu was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jul 1914 WW2 The British Royal Naval Air Service was established. 
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01 Jul 1916 WW2 George Brett was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. 
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01 Jul 1916 WW1 Begin of Battle of the Somme
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01 Jul 1917 WW2 The last Russian offensive of the Great War began. Under the command of General Aleksei Brusilov the South West Army Group attacked with twenty-three divisions (mainly comprising Finns, Siberians and Poles - the Russian being mostly unreliable). At first the offensive went well with an advance of 30 miles being achieved but the main body of Russian infantry refused to follow up and it was not long before a strong German counter-offensive threw the Russians back to the Galician frontier. Brusilov was dismissed and replaced by Lavr Kornilov. 
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01 Jul 1920 WW2 George Patton was promoted to the permanent rank of major. 
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01 Jul 1920 WW2 Ira Eaker was promoted to the rank of captain. 
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01 Jul 1921 WW2 USS Arizona became the flagship of Vice Admiral John McDonald, commanding officer of Battle Force of the US Navy Atlantic Fleet; McDonald had been the battleship's first commanding officer almost five years prior. 
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01 Jul 1921 WW2 Maryland was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jul 1922 WW2 The incomplete battle-cruisers USS Lexington and USS Saratoga were authorised for commissioning as aircraft carriers, expanding greatly the US Navy’s seaborne air power beyond the still experimental USS Langley. 
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01 Jul 1922 WW2 Clarence Tinker was certified a pilot. 
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01 Jul 1923 WW2 The value of the German Mark decreased to the level that it now cost about 160,000 Marks to exchange for US$1. 
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01 Jul 1925 WW2 Edmund Herring was promoted to the rank of major. 
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01 Jul 1926 WW2 Kako was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jul 1926 WW2 Harry Dimoline was promoted to the rank of captain. 
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01 Jul 1926 WW2 Rear Admiral Junzo Yoshitake was named the Chief of Staff of the Mako naval port at Pescadores islands, Taiwan. 
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01 Jul 1929 WW2 Quintin Brand was promoted to the rank of wing commander. 
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01 Jul 1929 WW2 Edumnd Herring was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel. 
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01 Jul 1929 WW2 Vice Admiral Kanjiro Hara was named the commanding officer of Chinkai Guard District in southern Korea. 
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01 Jul 1930 WW2 Nautilus was commissioned into service. 
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01 Jul 1931 WW2 Chinese and Korean farmers engaged in a petty dispute over land boundaries at the village of Wanpaoshan in Jilin Province, China. As it escalated, Chinese farmers attacked the Koreans with farm tools and pikes. In response, Japanese consular policemen who had been protecting the Koreans fired their rifles over the heads of the Chinese, forcing the Chinese to back down. Although the incident was minor, it gave the Japanese Kwantung Army an excuse to draw up a plan to invade and occupy northeastern China, ostensibly to protect Japanese nationals. 
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01 Jul 1932 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed Honolulu, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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01 Jul 1932 WW2 The Central Bank of Manchou, established in the previous month by the Japanese-sponsored puppet state of Manchukuo, opened for business. 
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01 Jul 1933 WW2 According to official German government reports published some time this month, 26,789 are in protective custody at various camps by this month. 
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01 Jul 1933 WW2 Vice Admiral Yurikazu Edahara succeeded Vice Admiral Shizue Tsuda as the commanding officer of the Ryojun Military Port (previously known as Port Arthur; now Lushunkou, Liaoning Province, China), Kwantung Leased Territory in northeastern China. 
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01 Jul 1934 WW2 During this month, as "Night of the Long Knives" shattered the SA organization in Germany, the SS took over control of guarding concentration camps. 
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01 Jul 1934 WW2 On Adolf Hitler's orders, Ernst Röhm, the head of the SA, was shot in a cell at Stadelheim prison in München (Munich), Germany by Theodor Eicke, the SS Commandant of the local Dachau Concentration Camp. 
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01 Jul 1935 WW2 Quintin Brand was promoted to the rank of group captain. 
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01 Jul 1935 WW2 Rudolf Höss was promoted to the rank of SS-Oberscharführer. 
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01 Jul 1935 WW2 Werner Mölders was posted to I./JG 162 "Immelmann". 
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01 Jul 1935 WW2 Nikolaus von Falkenhorst was promoted to the rank of Generalmajor. 
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01 Jul 1936 WW2 The keel of the battleship Bismarck was laid down at Blohm & Voss' shipyard in Hamburg, Germany. 
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01 Jul 1936 WW2 The US 2nd Marine Brigade was formed at San Diego, California, United States for deployment to China. 
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01 Jul 1937 WW2 In compliance with an order of the Navy Department, all United States Marine Corps Reserve tactical squadrons were designated as scouting squadrons. 
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01 Jul 1938 WW2 George Patton was promoted to the permanent rank of colonel. 
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01 Jul 1938 WW2 The Naval Reserve Act of 1938 became effective. The act established the US Marine Corps Reserve, which was to consist of the Fleet Marine Corps Reserve, the Organized Marine Corps Reserve, and the Volunteer-Marine Corps Reserve. 
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01 Jul 1938 WW2 Roger Backhouse was made First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp to King George VI. 
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01 Jul 1938 WW2 Tenryu supported the landing of Japanese troops near Guangzhou, China. 
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01 Jul 1939 WW2 The US Lighthouse Service, founded in 1789, was incorporated into the US Coast Guard service as a result of the Presidential Reorganization Plan No II. 
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01 Jul 1939 WW2 An order was issued for the building of a battleship that would later be named USS Iowa. 
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01 Jul 1939 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille was promoted to the rank of Fahnenjunker-Unteroffizier. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 German forces took Jersey, completing the occupation of the Channel Islands. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Marshal Philippe Pétain's government moved to from Bordeaux to Vichy, France. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Germany requested neutral nations to withdraw their diplomatic missions from Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, and Luxembourg. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 By this date, about 900,000 tons of Allied shipping had been sunk by German U-boats in 6 months of war. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 British milk price ceiling was increased to 4 pence per pint. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Operation Seelöwe (Sealion), a plan for the invasion of Britain, was first mentioned by the German General Staff. On the same day, German bombers began a campaign against British industrial centers, beginning with a daylight raid on Hull, England and Wick, Scotland, killing 12 and wounding 22. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 German submarines attacked various Allied ships off the French coast. 300 miles west of Brest at 0400 hours, U-30 sank British ship Beignon of Allied convoy SL-36, 6 were killed, 30 crew and 81 survivors of British ship Avelona Star, sunk on the previous day, were rescued. U-102 sank British ship Clearton of Allied convoy SL-36, killing 8; British destroyer HMS Vansittart found U-102 and sank her with depth charges, killing the entire crew of 43; 26 survivors from Clearton were picked up by HMS Vansittart. U-65 sank Dutch ship Amstelland; 1 was killed and 39 survived. U-29 sank Greek ship Adamastos; all 25 crew members survived. Meanwhile, southwest of Ireland, German submarine U-26 damaged British steamer Zarian of Allied convoy OA-175; British corvette HMS Gladiolus forced U-26 to surface with depth charges, which was then bombed by a Sunderland aircraft of the No. 10 Squadron RAAF; the crew of U-26 scuttled the boat before surrendering. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 King Carol II of Romania renounced the guarantees given to him by the United Kingdom in 1939 and announced that hence-forward his country's alliegance would be with Germany. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Joseph Stalin told his Ambassador to Tokyo that the non-aggression pact with Germany "was dictated by the desire to unleash war in Europe". 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 British RAF Fighter Command chief Hugh Dowding's son Derek became a pilot with the No. 74 Squadron. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Quintin Brand was promoted to the temporary rank of air vice marshal. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 The responsibility for nuclear fission research in the United States was transferred to the National Defense Research Committee under Vannevar Bush. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Rodolfo Graziani was named the Governor-General of Italian Libya. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Destroyer USS O'Brien arrived at Santos, Brazil. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 The US Navy issued contracts for the construction of 44 new ships. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 US Navy awarded a US$30,870,000 contract to build naval facilities across the Pacific. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Albrecht Lanz was declared the military governor of the Channel Islands. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Maximilian von Weichs was promoted to the rank of Generaloberst. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 US Ambassador to France William C. Bullitt met with French Marshal Philippe Pétain, who ensured that orders had been given "to every captain of the French Fleet to sink his ship rather than permit to fall into German hands". Later on the same day, Bullitt visited French Admiral François Darlan, who noted that French ships had been ordered to sail for Martinique and Guantanamo should there be a risk that the Germans would gain the French fleet, and if sailing not possible, the ships would be scuttled. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 German troops landed on the island of Guernsey off the French coast, meeting no opposition. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 German troops landed on the island of Jersey off the French coast, meeting no opposition. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 British liner Arandora Star departed Liverpool, England for Canada with 479 German and 734 Italian civilian internees, 86 German prisoners of war, and 374 British crew and guards. Some of the civilian internees were Jewish refugees who had previously been able to escape from Nazi Germany. Arandora Star failed to display a red cross to denote that she was carrying civilians and prisoners of war. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 The Free French government-in-exile established its own Military Intelligence Service under Major André Dewavrin - Service de Renseignements. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 Winston Churchill recorded in his diary that during a meeting with the US Ambassador, Joseph Kennedy had stated that Britain was beaten and that Adolf Hitler would be in London by the 15th of August. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 The Headquarters Marine Aircraft Wing, Fleet Marine Force was established at the Marine Corps Base, San Diego, California, United States under Brigadier General Ross E. Rowell. 
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01 Jul 1940 WW2 The noted American aviator James H. "Jimmy" Doolittle was recalled to active service as a Major and began assisting US car manufacturers as they switched to aircraft production. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Coal deliveries to all establishments in Britain were limited to one ton per month. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 RAF began daylight bombing raids in France and the Low Countries. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Erwin Rommel was promoted to the rank of General der Panzertruppe. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 The British Special Air Service (initially titled "L" Detachment, Special Air Service Brigade) was formed by Colonel David Stirling. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Stalin returned to the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia as Chairman of the new State Defence Committee, set up by law the day before. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Under the provisions of a German Law on the use of Prisoner Labour, Russian prisoners of war were permitted to be sent to work camps for employment in agriculture, construction or heavy industry. The death rate on these camps would be extremely high. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 The American Volunteer Group, also known as the Flying Tigers, was officially formed. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Soviet Naval Air Unit 401 IAP went into action with its new MiG-3 fighters and destroyed four German Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters on its first operation. This unit was commanded by a veteran of the Spanish Civil War, Lieutenant-Colonel Stepan Suprun (who was already an ace with fifteen Civil War victories), Hero of the Soviet Union. Many of Suprun's pilots were pre-war test pilots and therefore highly experienced airmen. During the next two days the 401st IAP destroyed eight enemy aircraft for no loss. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Soviet submarine M81 was sunk by a German mine in the Baltic Sea. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Crown Prince Yi Un was made the commanding officer of the Japanese 51st Division. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 The German 2.Panzergruppe reached Berezina, Byelorussia. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 British mechanized cavalry and an Arab Legion desert patrol broke up a Vichy French mobile column northeast of Palmyra, Syria, capturing four officers and 60 men. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Kaga arrived at Yokosuka, Japan. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 The German 4.Panzergruppe captured Riga, Latvia. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 German 11th Army, Romanian 3rd Army, and Romanian 4th Army crossed Prut River into the Bessarabia and Bukovina regions of Moldova. 
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01 Jul 1941 WW2 Bruce Fraser was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Davao, Philippine Islands. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 Jews were massacred in Byelorussian cities of Minsk, Lida, and Slonim. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 General Montgomery informed General Paget that Operation Rutter, the attack on Dieppe, was to take place on 4 Jul. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 US Navy Admiral Robert Ghormley relinquished his command army troops as US Army Major General Millard Harmon arrived to the theater. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 Chiang Kaishek formally submitted his "Three Demands" to Joseph Stilwell to forward on to Washington DC, United States. This request included 5,000 tons of supplies, 500 war planes, and 3 US divisions for the Chinese theater of war. US President Franklin Roosevelt would superficially agree to the demands, but would stall the delivery indefinitely. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 USS Flying Fish attacked a Japanese transport off Taiwan; all 3 torpedoes fired missed. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 USS Sturgeon sank Japanese passenger ship Montevideo Maru off northern Philippine Islands before dawn; 1,124 were killed, 17 survived. The crew of Sturgeon did not realize that most of those aboard were Australian prisoners of war, which constituted 1,053 of the 1,124 killed. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-202 sank US passenger-cargo ship City of Birmingham 250 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, United States at 0127 hours; 9 were killed, 374 survived. At 1831 hours, U-126 sank US ship Warrior 125 miles east of Trinidad; 7 were killed, 49 survived; the 10,080 tons of Lend-Lease supplies bound for the Soviet Union via Iran were lost. Also on this date, Allied convoy departed Liverpool, Englad, United Kingdom with 41 merchant ships in its midst. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-129 sank Norwegian ship Cadmus in the Gulf of Mexico at 1744 hours; 2 were killed, 20 survived. US Navy cargo ship USS Luckenbach struck two US mines and sank 10 miles south of the Florida Keys, Florida, United States; lost with the ship was a very large supply of tungsten, prompting the Americans to later launch an operation to salvage it. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 German 4th Panzer Army advanced toward Voronezh, Russia. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-16 sank Swedish ship Eknaren in the Mozambique Channel. In the same area, I-18 sank Dutch ship De Weert. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-97 sank British ship Marilyse Moller 66 miles east of Port Said, Egypt at 1343 hours; 35 were killed, 4 survived; British anti-submarine trawler HMS Burra counterattacked with three depth charges, causing no damage. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-456 and a German Bv 138 aircraft spotted Allied convoy PQ-17 in the Barents Sea and began shadowing it. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 Yasunori Yoshioka stepped down as the chief of staff of Japanese 44th Army, also known as the Kwangtung Defense Army, based in Xinjing, northeastern China. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 German 90th Light Division began to advance for El Alamein, Egypt at 0300 hours; meanwhile, German and Italian tanks covered the southern flank. Allied troops in the area were a mix of British, Australian, New Zealand, Indian, and South African nationalities. Axis forces suffered heavy casualties on this first day of assault. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 As the German bridgehead north of Sevastopol, Russia appeared to be too strong to be eliminated, Joseph Stalin ordered top Soviet leaders to evacuate the city by submarine. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 HMS King George V arrived at Scapa Flow, Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 B-17E Flying Fortress bomber "Jarring Jenny" landed at Prestwick, Scotland, United Kingdom having flown the 3,000 miles from Maine, United States via Greenland and Iceland. It was the first of hundreds of sister aircraft to be flown to Great Britain to form the US Eighth Air Force. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 Wasp departed San Diego, California for Tonga Islands, escorting transports carrying men of the US 5th Marine Regiment. 
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01 Jul 1942 WW2 The keel of submarine Seahorse was laid down at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, California, United States. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 Hitler addressed the generals slated to command Operation Citadel. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 The US Navy launched the V-12 program to recruit and train college students for future military service. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 The US Marine Corps established the Administrative Division at its headquarters to control the civilian personnel program and to place enlisted Marines. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 Chester Nimitz submitted a tentative plan for operations against the Marshall Islands. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 USS S-35 sank Japanese fishing tender Banshu Maru No. 7 off the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia at 1821 hours, hitting her with 2 of 3 torpedoes fired. She escaped the area at 1825 hours after detecting a potential counterattack on the submarine. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 Two platoons from Company P, US Marine Corps 4th Raider Battalion overran the Japanese detachment at the village of Tombe on New Georgia near the Viru Harbor, while the remainder of Company P and Company Q occupied Tetemara on the west side of the harbor. On the same day, just to the south of New Georgia, the US Marine Corps 9th Defense Battalion arrived at Rendova with men, supplies, and 90mm and 150mm guns. Southeast of New Georgia, the US Marine Corps 4th Raider Battalion and Company F of the US Army 103rd Regiment fell back to Vura on the island of Vangunu in preparation of a counterattack to be launched against Kaeruka and Cheke Point in the next few days. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 1st Lieutenant Mel Wheadon of US 44th Fighter Squadron, flying a P-40 fighter, became an "ace in a day" by shooting down five Japanese D3A dive bombers while defending the invasion fleet at Rendova, New Georgia Islands, Solomon Islands. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Gasoline storage and distribution (1,167,000 gallons) usably complete. 
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01 Jul 1943 WW2 In England, United Kingdom, Robert Johnson recovered from wounds sustained in combat on 13 Jun 1943 and resumed flight duties. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 Cruiser Köln began a three-month training operation. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Tang sank Japanese freighter Taiun Maru No. 2 in the morning, and chased tanker Takatori Maru all day, finally sinking the tanker after sundown. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 5th Guards Tank Army of the Soviet 3rd Byelorussian Front captured Borisov, Byelorussia. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 The Bretton Woods conference opened to discuss financial and economic concerns in post-war Europe; International Monetary Fund for Reconstruction and Development would be established as the result. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 US 83rd Infantry Division became part of the US VII Corps. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 Russian fighter ace Grigori Rechkalov received his second Hero of the Soviet Union award when his score stood at 48 individual and six shared victories. Rechkalov would be relieved of his command by General Utin shortly after for "lack of leadership" but would eventually be officially listed as the Soviet Union's third highest scoring ace of all time with 57 aerial victories credited to his name. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Pintado arrived ta Majuro, Marshall Islands, ending her first war patrol. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 Greek 3rd Mountain Brigade was activated in French Syria-Lebanon under the command of Colonel Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 Josias was promoted to the rank of General der Waffen-SS. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller was mad the commanding officer of all occupation forces at Crete, Greece. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Preston departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 US IV Corps crossed the Cecina River near Livorno, Italy. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Yokosuka, Japan for her 20th voyage with the Japanese Navy. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 Nachi began a period of guard ship duty at Ominato Guard District, Mutsu, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 The Taichu Prisoners of War Camp near Taichu (now Taichung), Taiwan was closed; on the same day, the Inrin Prisoners of War Camp in central Taiwan was opened. 
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01 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Becuna departed New London, Connecticut, United States. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 US submarine Barb attacked Japanese positions at Kaihyo Island off Sakhalin with rockets; it was the first American submarine-based rocket attack. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 Pedro Cerono discovered 8 skulls that led to the discovery of the Tapel Massacre by Japanese troops in the Philippine Islands. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 Amphibious landings by Australian and Dutch troops captured the great Borneo oil producing centre of Balik Papan. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Croaker departed Fremantle, Australia for her sixth war patrol. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 More than 530 American B-29 bombers attacked various cities in Japan with incendiary bombs. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 US Navy PB4Y Privateer aircraft based in Okinawa, Japan mined waters off the southern tip of Korea for the last time. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 US Army B-29 bombers mined the Straits of Shimonoseki in Japan. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 The US Third Fleet set sail for Leyte, Philippine Islands for rest and refit. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 Whitehall was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Sennet began her fourth war patrol in the Sea of Japan. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Columbia covered landing operations at Borneo. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 US 2nd Armored Division moved into Berlin, Germany to take over the American Zone. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Vice Admiral George D Murray, US Navy, was awarded Honorary Degree of Doctor of Naval Science by Boston College at this station. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Parche sank three small Japanese trawlers with her deck gun in the Tsugara Strait between Aomori Prefecture and Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Alabama set sail for the Japanese Home Islands. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Ticonderoga departed Leyte, Philippine Islands and was assigned to Task Group 38.3. 
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01 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Wisconsin completed her repairs at Leyte Gulf, Philippine Islands. 
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01 Jul 1946 WW2 Operation Crossroads: The United States conducted test 'Able' in the Bikini Islands, which saw an atomic detonation in the air. 
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01 Jul 1946 WW2 USS IX-300 (former German cruiser Prinz Eugen) was a target ship during the Able atomic test of Operation Crossroads, sustaining light damage. 
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01 Jul 1946 WW2 Steamer Bay was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Jul 1946 WW2 Allied repatriation ship Hikawa Maru departed Shanghai, China. 
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01 Jul 1946 WW2 Prosecutors of Allied nations cross-examined witnesses in Nürnberg, Germany regarding the Katyn massacre. 
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01 Jul 1946 WW2 USS Columbia completed her duties as a training ship for US Naval Reserve personnel. Commander Henry F. Gorski was named her new commanding officer, relieving Captain Bruce B. Adell. 
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01 Jul 1947 WW2 Tribune was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Jul 1947 WW2 Hanyang Arsenal in Hanyang County, Hubei Province, China officially ceased to exist. 
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01 Jul 1948 WW2 Wisconsin was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Jul 1948 WW2 In Germany, the Berlin Air Lift began. 
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30th June 2nd July
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