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History on the 4th of July

History
Date Text
04 Jul 1912 WW2 Friedrich Paulus married Elena Rosetti-Solescu. 
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04 Jul 1916 WW2 Iva Toguri was born. 
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04 Jul 1918 WW1 Begin of Battle of Le Hamel
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04 Jul 1922 WW2 Tenryu arrived at Lushunkou, northeastern China. 
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04 Jul 1922 WW2 German fighter ace Lothar von Richthofen (brother of the famous Manfred) was killed in a flying accident at Fühlsbüttel, Hamburg, Germany when the engine of his converted L.V.G. CVI failed as he came in to land. 
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04 Jul 1926 WW2 At the National Socialist first party congress held at Weimar, Germany, Hitler's personal authority over the party was accepted by the majority and his position of party Führer was formally approved. 
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04 Jul 1933 WW2 The Bavarian People's Party in Germany dissolved itself. 
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04 Jul 1933 WW2 Hiroshi Nemoto was attached to the headquarters of the Japanese Army in China. 
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04 Jul 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Hukou, Jiangxi Province, China, near the border with Anhui Province. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Despite having his left leg shattered by a bomb blast, British Leading Seaman Jack Mantle continued to fire his anti-aircraft guns as the merchant cruiser HMS Foylebank sank beneath him during an air raid on Portland naval base in England, United Kingdom. Mantle was awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross medal. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 British submarine HMS Pandora sank French gunboat Rigault de Genouilly off Oran, Algeria at 1530 hours. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Italians forces captured a number of British forts, including Kassala and Gallabat, in East Africa. The Italian forward units paused to establish anti-tank defenses. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Kanalkampf: German Stuka dive bombers and motored torpedo boats attacked British Allied Convoy OA178 south of Bournemouth, England, United Kingdom, which was near Portland. Five merchant ships were sunk, which were British ships Elmcrest and Dallas City, Dutch ships Britsum and Decalion, and Estonian ship Kolga; several other ships were damaged. Meanwhile, German aircraft bombed the Royal Navy base in Portland, sinking British auxiliary anti-aircraft ship Foyle Bank, killing 176, as well as tug boat Silverdial. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Japanese bombers attacked Chongqing, China in multiple waves. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 French battleship Strasbourg and four destroyers arrived at Toulon, France after fleeing from the Battle of Mers-el-Kébir. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Marseillaise arrived at Toulon, France. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Vichy French government broke off all relations with the United Kingdom. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 The French Navy ordered submarines, armed merchant cruisers, and destroyers based in Dakar to sortie to attack British shipping. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 French bombers attacked the British fleet at Gibraltar, causing no damage. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 The Dame of Sark, ruler of the island of Sark in the English Channel, surrendered to the German forces. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Sark in the Channel Islands, having been occupied by the Germans since two days prior, officially surrendered. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Italian bombers again raided Malta. 
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04 Jul 1940 WW2 Winston Churchill received his first standing ovation in the House of Commons as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after delivering a speech justifying the attack on French warships. 
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04 Jul 1941 WW2 German troops captured Ostrov in northern Russia. 
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04 Jul 1941 WW2 British Communist Party decided to stop campaigning for peace; instead, they supported the national war effort. 
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04 Jul 1941 WW2 US Marines arrived at Iceland for occupation duties, freeing British troops for war efforts elsewhere. 
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04 Jul 1941 WW2 Wing Commander Hughie Edwards of 105 Squadron RAF won the Victoria Cross for leading a low level attack on Bremen, Germany in which his Blenheim bomber was hit twenty times. 
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04 Jul 1941 WW2 While flying a MiG-3 fighter Lieutenant-Colonel Stepan Suprun, commanding officer of Soviet Naval Air Unit 401 IAP, was shot down by a German Fw 200 aircraft. 
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04 Jul 1941 WW2 Douglas Bader collided with a German Bf 109E fighter during a dogfight; the German fighter was scored as a probable kill. 
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04 Jul 1941 WW2 The Soviet NKVD arrested Colonel General Dimitry Pavlov for not attacking German forces as Joseph Stalin had ordered. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Menado, Celebes. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 Allied reconnaissance reported that the Japanese had begun building an airfield on Guadalcanal. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 The raid on Dieppe was postponed due to weather. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-129 sank Soviet tanker Tuapse in the Caribbean Sea; 8 were killed, 36 survived. On the same day, U-575 sank US ship Norlandia also in the Caribbean Sea; 9 were killed, 21 survived. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 German armed merchant cruiser Thor stopped and captured empty Norwegian tanker Madrono 1,500 miles east of Madagascar; a prize crew sailed the renamed tanker Rossbach for Japan. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 USS Triton sank Japanese destroyer Nenohi 5 miles south of Agattu, Aleutian Islands; 188 were killed, 38 survived. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 Allied convoy PQ-17 was attacked by 24 He 111 aircraft of German Luftwaffe unit I./KG 26 about 60 miles north of Bear Island (Bjørnøya), Norway, fatally damaging US freighter Christopher Newport which would later be scuttled by a British submarine (3 were killed, 47 survived); at 1930 hours, another attack wave came upon the convoy, causing no damage; at 2020 hours, the convoy was attacked by 25 aircraft, sinking British freighter Navarino, sinking US freighter William Hooper (3 were killed, 55 survived), and damaging Soviet tanker Azerbaijan; at 2100 hours, believing that German battleships might be in the area, PQ-17 was ordered to scatter and the convoy escorts were withdrawn. Sailing in the opposite direction, QP-13 broke up to two convoys, one of which ran into a minefield; several ships struck mines and sank (British minesweeper HMS Niger (149 were killed), freighter Hybert, freighter Heffron, freighter Massmar (17 were killed), and Soviet passenger ship Rodina (several family members of Soviet diplomats were killed)), and several others were damaged (civilian commodore's ship American Robin, freighter Exterminator, and freighter John Randolph); HMS Hussar was able to lead the survivors out of the minefield. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 The American Volunteer Group of the China Air Force was disbanded. Its P-40E and Tomahawk fighters were transferred to USAAF 23rd Fighter Group, which was the AVG's successor. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 Axis tanks continued the attack on Ruweisat Ridge near El Alamein, Egypt, making little progress; British aircraft flew 900 sorties on this day against the Axis offensive. The Allies, believing the Axis forces had lost their initial momentum, launched a limited offensive with elements of the South African 1st Division and New Zealand 2nd Division toward the Ruweisat Ridge. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 British RAF's third 1,000-plane raid targeted Bremen, Germany, causing considerable damage to the city and the Focke-Wulf plant. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 The USAAF launched its first Britain-based mission when US A-20 bombers flew with British RAF A-20 bombers against German airfields in the Netherlands. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 Auschwitz Concentration Camp in Poland began mass gassings. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 While the Soviet 5th Guards Tank Army was moved to Voronezh, Russia to aid the city's defense, Adolf Hilter diverted the German 6th Army toward Stalingrad. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 Garland completed her temporary repairs at Murmansk, Russia and departed for Troon, Scotland, United Kingdom with convoy QP-13. 
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04 Jul 1942 WW2 The US Navy Pacific Fleet established an advance base for submarines at Midway Atoll. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 General Sikorski and other members of Polish government-in-exile were killed in a plane crash in Gibraltar. Sabotage was suspected but it was never proven. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 The Battle of Kursk, what would become the largest tank battle in history, began. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 USS Tunny, while off Guam, Mariana Islands, received orders to sail to Johnston Island, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 USS Snook attacked a Japanese convoy with 16 torpedoes, 6 of which hit, sinking cargo ships Koki Maru and Liverpool Maru and damaging Atlantic Maru. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 USS Pompano sank Japanese seaplane carrier Sagara Maru. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 Subhash Chandra Bose took command of the Indian National Army and assumed the leadership position of the Indian Independence League. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 US Marines and US Army troops secured Kaeruka and Cheke Point on Vangunu Island, just southeast of New Georgia in the Solomon Islands. On New Georgia, a 52-man special weapons unit of the US Marine Corps 9th Defense Battalion arrived with four 40mm anti-aircraft guns. To the south of New Georgia, the Japanese attempted attempted the last large daylight air raid on Rendova; 16 bombers were able to break through to drop bombs on the island, but 12 of them would be shot down. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 USS Helena escorted invasion transports to Kula Gulf west of New Georgia. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 The Sino-American Special Technical Cooperative Organization, or SACO for short, already officially signed into effect in Apr 1943, was signed by Chinese Army General Dai Li in China; Dai had not been able to travel to the United States for the official signing. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 The first of Chinese 30th Division began to arrive at Ramgarh Training Center in India. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 USS S-35 arrived off Paramushiro, Hokkaido, Japan. 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 Journalist John Steinbeck of the newspaper New York Herald Tribune spent a day with British airmen at an airfield in England, United Kingdom. His experiences on this day would later be found in his work "Once There Was a War" in a chapter titled "Waiting". 
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04 Jul 1943 WW2 USS Cero was commissioned into service. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Franklin launched strikes against Bonin Islands. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 At 1820 hours, radio communications between USS S-28 and United States Coast Guard cutter Reliance was broken, and S-28 was never heard from again. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Blackfin was commissioned into service with Lieutenant Commander George Laird, Jr. in command. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 In the morning, USS Tang sank Japanese freighter Asukazan Maru, hitting her with two of three torpedoes fired. In the afternoon, the transport Yamaoka Maru was sunk with two torpedoes. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 After a week of strikes in Copenhagen, the Germans rescinded their curfew to avoid such uprisings. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Astoria remained at Port of Spain, Trinidad; her crew was allowed a short liberty in celebration of the Independence Day holiday of the United States. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 With intelligence obtained by infiltrating the meeting in Berlin, Germany on 22 Jun 1944 between Claus von Stauffenberg and German communists, the Gestapo made several arrests. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 General Wazakazu Kawabe officially terminated Operation U-Go in India. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Parche was attacked by a Japanese cruiser and a destroyer, but Parche was able to escape. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Seahorse sank Japanese cargo ship Kyodo Maru No. 28 off Taiwan, hitting her with five of her last six torpedoes. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Gunnel ended her fifth war patrol. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 The Soviet 1st Baltic Front captured Polotsk, Byelorussia on its way towards Riga, Latvia, moving to cut off German Armeegruppe Nord as it retreated from Estonia. The Soviet troops were now roughly on the 1939 German-Soviet border. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 In Finland, Soviet 59th Army attacked Viipuri and Soviet 23rd Army crossed Vuoksi River to attack Vuosalmi. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Part of ARGUS-15 departed. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Sterlet departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her first war patrol. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Wasp's aircraft attacked Japanese positions on Iwo Jima and Chichi Jima of the Bonin Islands. 
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04 Jul 1944 WW2 J. Robert Oppenheimer revealed Emilio Segrè's final measurements to the Manhattan Project scientists at Los Alamos, New Mexico, which concluded that the "Thin Man" design for a gun-type plutonium weapon was not feasible. 
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04 Jul 1945 WW2 Canadian troops rioted in Aldershot, England, United Kingdom in protest against the delay in shipping them home after service in Europe. Around 500 troops were involved although little damage was caused and no one was seriously injured. 
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04 Jul 1945 WW2 B-29 bombers of the US Army Far East Air Force aircraft attacked Kyushu, Japan from their bases in the Philippine Islands. 
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04 Jul 1945 WW2 British 7th Armored Division entered Berlin, Germany to occupy the British Zone. 
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04 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Flying Fish arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her twelfth war patrol. 
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04 Jul 1945 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 63 arrived. 
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04 Jul 1945 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Maizuru, Japan. 
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04 Jul 1945 WW2 Submarines I-13 and I-14 arrived at Mutsu, Japan. 
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04 Jul 1946 WW2 The Philippine Islands were granted independence by the United States, forming the Republic of the Philippines. 
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