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History on the 8th of July

History
Date Text
08 Jul 1932 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed San Francisco, California, United States. 
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08 Jul 1937 WW2 At 0330 hours, four Japanese mountain gun crews and a machine gun company were ordered to prepare for an invasion of China. At 0500 hours (still 7 Jul 1937 for the western world on the other side of the International Date Line), the Japanese opened fire, starting the Second Sino-Japanese War. Japanese Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe held a cabinet meeting in an attempt to find a solution to de-escalate the situation, but the Japanese Army was working in the opposite direction, planning to move the Japanese Chosen Army and Kwantung Army units to the contested region. 
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08 Jul 1937 WW2 The Chinese Communist Party urged its members over a radio announcement to cooperate with the Nationalist Party in the war against Japan. 
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08 Jul 1939 WW2 Korvettenkapitän Johannes Franz was named the commanding officer of U-27, replacing Korvettenkapitän Hans-Georg von Friedeburg. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 Expanding on their previous agreement, Sweden allowed Germany to transport war materiel across their rail lines. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 British Metropolitan Police was ordered to be armed when guarding important locations. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 German submarine U-99 sank British ship Humber Arm of Allied convoy HX-53 60 miles south of Ireland at 0753 hours; 42 crew members and 1 passenger were later rescued by destroyer HMS Scimitar. The submarine was attacked with 107 depth charges from various escorting vessels for the following 14 hours, but the German boat under the command of Otto Kretschmer would be able to escape harm. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 Italian submarine Marconi torpedoed and damaged destroyer HMS Escort southwest of Minorca, Balearic Islands, in the Mediterranean Sea, killing 2 and wounding 13; HMS Escort would sink later while under tow by destroyer HMS Forester. On the same day, Italian aircraft bombed cruiser HMS Gloucester, hitting the compass platform of the bridge, wounding 9 and killing 12; the commanding officer was among those killed. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 British bombers attacked German heavy cruiser Lützow in dock at Kiel, Germany. Lützow, under repair for extensive torpedo damage to her stern caused by HMS Spearfish on 11 Apr 1940, was hit by a bomb that failed to detonate. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 The British RAF Fighter Command established the 10 Group for the defense of southwestern Britain. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 USS Wichita and USS Quincy departed Santos, Brazil for Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 USS Phoenix departed Valparaiso, Chile for Callao, Peru. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 The US Joint War Planning Committee completed a plan calling for an expeditionary force to be dispatched from New York, New York, United States to the French colony of Martinique; the US 1st Marine Brigade was earmarked for the initial landing force. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 At Casablanca, French Morocco, British motor torpedo boats attacked French battleship Jean Bart, causing damage. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 British Swordfish torpedo bombers from carrier HMS Hermes hit French battleship Richelieu at Dakar, French West Africa for the second consecutive day, despite that Richelieu had already touched bottom from the attacks on the previous day. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 Tea went on ration in Britain at two ounces per person per week. 
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08 Jul 1940 WW2 In England, United Kingdom, General Charles de Gaulle denounced the ongoing British attacks on Vichy French forces. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 British B-17 bombers were deployed on a combat mission for the first time as three of them were ordered to attack Wilhelmshaven, Germany. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 Jews in the Baltic states were forced to wear the Star of David. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 German troops captured Pskov, Russia. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 Before dawn, British bombers attacked Münster, Germany. During the day, German anti-aircraft guns began arriving at the city in response to the recent successive night bombings. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 Rationing of basic foodstuff begins in Moscow, Leningrad and other major Soviet Union cities. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 After sundown, German bombers conducted a light attack on Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, England, United Kingdom. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 Australian troops cut off the road leading into the northern part of Beirut, Lebanon. South of Beirut, Australian 2/2nd Pioneer Battalion and elements of the 6th Divisional Cavalry Regiment also approached Beirut. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 USS Arizona arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 Kaga departed Yokosuka, Japan. 
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08 Jul 1941 WW2 A Soviet military mission arrived in London, England, United Kingdom. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Ambon, Molucca Islands. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 In southern Russia and Ukraine, 4.Panzearmee began to push down the Don River, attempting to meet with 6.Armee coming from Kharkov; meanwhile, 1.Panzerarmee crossed the Donets River. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Winston Churchill urged Franklin Roosevelt to agree to Operation Gymnast, a plan to jointly invade North Africa, since "o responsible British general, admiral, or air marshal is prepared to recommend as a practicable operation in 1942." 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Japanese carrier task force withdrew from Alaskan waters after the completion of the Japanese invasion of the Aleutian islands. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 British General Claude Auchinleck ordered an attack on Tel el Eisa and Tel el Makh Khad near El Alamein, Egypt. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Chester Nimitz issued the final plan for the lower Solomon Islands offensive scheduled to be launhed in Aug 1942. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Survivors of German submarine U-701, sunk by a US Hudson aircraft on the previous day off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, United States, spotted American aircraft and ships in search of them. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-10 sank British ship Hartismere in the Mozambique Channel at 0748 hours; all aboard survived. I-10 struck again at 1800 hours, sinking Dutch freighter Alchiba in the same area, killing 5. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 USS S-37 sank Japanese transport Tenzan Maru 20 miles northwest of Rabaul, New Britain. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-255 sank US ship Olopana of Allied convoy PQ-17 at 0100 hours; 7 were killed, 34 survived). 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 USS S-43 departed Brisbane, Australia with RAAF Flight Officer Cecil John Trevelyan Mason aboard for New Ireland. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Before dawn, 30 Soviet patrol boats and torpedo boats disembarked troops on the island of Someri, Finland, immediately engaging the Finnish garrison on the island. After daybreak, Finnish gunboats and torpedo boats arrived, sinking three Soviet torpedo boats. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 285 British bombers (137 Wellington, 52 Lancaster, 38 Halifax, 34 Stirling, 24 Hampden) attacked the docks at Wilhelmshaven, Germany, causing little or no damage to the docks, killing 25 civilians, and wounding 170; 5 bombers were lost on this mission. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Axis convoy Siena departed Suda Bay, Crete, Greece; it was consisted of 5 freighters, Italian destroyer Mitragliere, German destroyer ZG-3, Italian torpedo boat Sirio, Italian torpedo boat Cassiopea, German submarine chaser UJ-2104, and German submarine chaser UJ-2107. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Valetta harbor, Malta was attacked by air. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 Soviet submarine ShCh-317 sank German ship Otto Cords 10 miles off of the Swedish coast. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 The eight German saboteurs captured in the United States during the past several weeks were placed on trial before a special military commission at the Department of Justice in Washington DC, United States. 
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08 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-571 damaged US tanker J. A. Moffett, Jr. 4 miles off of the Florida Keys, Florida, United States at 0616 hours, killing 1 of 42 aboard; the tanker ran aground to prevent sinking, but she would later be declared a total loss. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 The keel of submarine Blenny was laid down. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 German submarine U-759 was reportedly to be lost, though later records show she might had not been destroyed until 23 Jul 1943. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 Casablanca was commissioned into service. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 In the Kursk salient Walter Model's armour made three thrusts into the centre of the Soviet defences along the Central Front, the villages of Teploye, Olkhovatka and Ponyri in Russia. At Teploye, the main objective was Hill 272. Time and again the Germans assaulted it, after attacks by swarms of Stuka dive bombers which dropped 550-pound bombs on the anti-tank positions. But the Soviets were well dug in and camouflaged. They preferred to fight the Germans at close range, where their anti-tank rifles and dug in T-34 tanks took a devastating toll. The Germans took the hill three times, but the Soviets continued to recapture it. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 Companies N and Q of USMC 4th Raider Battalion were dispatched on a patrol on Gatukai Island in New Georgia, Solomon Islands after reports on the possible presence of a 50-100 men Japanese garrison on the island. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 Richard Heppner arrived in India. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 The 400-mph Macchi C.205V Veltro fighter made its combat debut when fifteen machines escorted a force of Italian Regia Aeronautica torpedo-bombers tasked to attack Allied warships bombarding the island of Pantelleria southwest of Sicily. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 USS Permit sank Japanese merchant ship Showa Maru and Soviet oceanographic vessel No. 20 off Hokkaido, Japan, hitting them with 3 of 10 torpedoes fired. 
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08 Jul 1943 WW2 Eight US Army B-24 bombers from Midway made the first land-based air strike against Wake Atoll. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 As Baranovichi, Byelorussia fell to the Soviets, German XII Corps surrendered its last 57,000 men. The German Armeegruppe Mitte alone had lost nearly 30 divisions in less than a month. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 British Second Army launched Operation Charnwood against Caen, France. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Jewish ghettos in Kovno, Lithuania began to be evacuated by German authorities. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Allied bombers conducted a raid on Belgrade, Yugoslavia. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Takeo Takagi was killed in action on Saipan, Mariana Islands. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Chuichi Nagumo was posthumously promoted to the rank of admiral. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Wing Commander Bill Deas, Commanding Officer of No. 630 Squadron of the British Royal Air Force, was killed in a disastrous raid on a V-bomb storage dump at Saint-Leu-d'Esserent, France. His was one of 29 aircraft lost when the force was intercepted by German night fighters. He was on his 69th operation. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Raoul Wallenberg landed at Tempelhof, Berlin, Germany and traveled to his sister's residence in the southwestern suburb of the city. He would experience his first air raid during that night. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Lieutenant General Renya Mutaguchi withdrew the remnants of the Japanese 33rd Division from Imphal, India back into Burma. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Yamato departed Kure, Japan for Okinawa, Japan with the 106th Infantry Regiment of the 49th Division on board. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Lieutenant General Haruki Isayama was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Air Group 80 and ship's crew in support of the air group aboard USS Ticonderoga were given a day's rest while off Trinidad. 
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08 Jul 1944 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt and Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd visited Shangri-La (now Camp David) near Thurmont, Maryland, United States. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 RAF sergeant Simon Eden, son of British foreign secretary Anthony Eden, was listed as missing in action in Burma. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 9 US carriers, organized into 3 task groups each complete with battleship and cruiser screens, refueled east of Iwo Jima, Japan. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 Over 100 American fighters struck eastern Honshu, Japan from their bases on Iwo Jima, Japan. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Carbonero completed her first war patrol. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 Subhash Chandra Bose attended the foundation stone laying ceremony for the Indian National Army War Memorial in Singapore. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Missouri set sail as an escort for carriers. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 The crew of light cruiser Voroshilov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 10 arrived. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Maizuru, Japan. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Bluefish sank a Japanese patrol boat in the South China Sea, hitting her with 2 of 12 torpedoes fired. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Boarfish was attacked by bombs by a Japanese aircraft, but sustained no damage. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 US B-24 bombers based in the Philippine Islands struck Shinchiku Airfield (now Hsinchu), Taiwan. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 In what was later nicknamed as "The Midnight Massacre", US Army prison guard Private Clarence V. Bertucci climbed to the top of a guard tower of the prisoners of war camp in Salina, Utah, United States and fired the mounted M1917 Browning machine gun on tents occupied by German prisoners. His 15 seconds of rampage, during which 250 rounds were fired, killed 6 and wounded 20 (3 of whom would later of their wounds). The victims were later buried with full military honors at Fort Douglas Cemetery in Salt Lake City, Utah, while Bertucci was admitted into a mental institution in the state of New York in eastern United States. 
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08 Jul 1945 WW2 British carrier HMS Reaper arrived at Newark, New Jersey, United States with a captured German Ar 234 aircraft aboard. 
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08 Jul 1946 WW2 Baltimore was decommissioned from service. 
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08 Jul 1947 WW2 Du Yuming arrived in Shanghai, China. 
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