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History on the 15th of July

History
Date Text
15 Jul 1099 RELIGIOUS The Muslim citizens of Jerusalem surrendered their city to the armies of the FirstCrusade. The Crusaders then proceeded, through misguided religious zeal, to massacrethousands of unarmed men, women and children.
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15 Jul 1779 RELIGIOUS Birth of Clement C. Moore, American Episcopal educator. His fame endures today,not as a theologian, but as the author of a completely mythical poem: 'Twas the Night BeforeChristmas' (1823).
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15 Jul 1814 RELIGIOUS Birth of Edward Caswall, English clergyman and hymn translator. Today we stillsing Caswall's English versions of the hymns 'Jesus, The Very Thought of Thee' and 'WhenMorning Gilds the Skies.'
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15 Jul 1823 RELIGIOUS In Rome, the church known as St Paul's Outside the Walls was destroyed by a fire.Its original edifice was erected in AD 324 by the Roman emperor Constantine.
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15 Jul 1911 WW2 Germany offers to cede the northern part of Kamerun and Togoland in Africa to France in exchange for the French Congo. 
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15 Jul 1912 WW2 The construction of battleship Lorraine was ordered. 
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15 Jul 1913 WW2 Kenkichi Ueda was attached to the Army Ministry. 
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15 Jul 1916 WW1 Begin of Battle of Delville Wood
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15 Jul 1917 WW2 The Provisional government in Russia collapsed and the Bolsheviks tried to take power in Petrograd, Russia. 
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15 Jul 1918 WW2 Walther von Brauchitsch was promoted to the rank of Major. 
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15 Jul 1918 WW1 Begin of Second Battle of the Marne
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15 Jul 1919 WW2 Richard Saul was honored by Belgium with the Croix de Guerre with Palms medal and was made a Chevalier of the Order of the Crown. 
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15 Jul 1929 WW2 USS Arizona received a reduced commission status while she was undergoing modernization. 
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15 Jul 1933 WW2 The Reich Food Estate was set up by German law, under the leadership of the party's chief agrarian spokesman, Walther Darré to oversee agricultural production and marketing. 
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15 Jul 1933 WW2 Germany required all corporations to be a member of a cartel to gain monopolistic efficiency. 
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15 Jul 1936 WW2 Fal Condé, leader of the ardent Catholic Carlist movement in Spain, agreed to call out his 8,400 strong Requetés Militia to support the Nationalist cause. 
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15 Jul 1937 WW2 Alfredo Oriani was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1937 WW2 The Chinese Communist Party issued the declaration of cooperation with the Nationalist Party in the war against Japan. 
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15 Jul 1937 WW2 In Germany, the construction of Buchenwald Concentration Camp began by the inmates of the Lichtenburg Concentration Camp. 
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15 Jul 1938 WW2 Werner Mölders scored his first aerial victory near Algar, Spain; the victim was an I-15 fighter. 
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15 Jul 1938 WW2 Hiroshi Nemoto was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General while in China. 
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15 Jul 1938 WW2 Representatives from the United States, United Kingdom, France, and 29 other nations met at Évian-les-Bains, France to discuss the issue of Jewish refugees fleeing out of Germany; no solid conclusion was reached. 
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15 Jul 1938 WW2 Crown Prince Yi Un was promoted to the rank of major general in the Japanese Army. 
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15 Jul 1938 WW2 General Kotaro Nakamura was named the commanding officer of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea, relieving Kuniaki Koiso. 
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15 Jul 1939 WW2 German submarine U-42 was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1939 WW2 Roger Backhouse passed away from a brain tumor in London, England, United Kingdom. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Italians captured British territories in Kenya. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Unemployment figure in Britain increased by 60,431 to 827,266 in Jun 1940 when compared to the previous month, but it was still drastically lower than the level one year prior. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 The British Home Office banned fireworks, flying kites, and flying balloons. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 German submarine U-34 sank Greek ship Evdoxia 40 miles southwest of Ireland at 0321 hours; 1 was killed and 22 survived. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 The YO-49 Vigilant prototype aircraft took its first flight with pilot Al Schramm. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Richelieu was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 The rector of Old Bolingbroke, Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom was sentenced to four weeks in prison for ringing his church bell, which violated the 14 Jun 1940 restriction. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Corvette HMS Godetia was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 The keel of British corvette Mignonette was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 The keel of British destroyer HMS Panther was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Germany demanded unrestricted access through French North Africa. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 German submarine U-108 was launched. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 The Soviet Union announced that recently held plebiscites in Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia revealed that the three Baltic States show near-unanimous support for joining the Soviet Union. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Captain Shutoku Miyazato was relieved as the commanding officer of repair ship Akashi. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 German aircraft bombed and sank Estonian ship Merisaar off Cobh, County Cork, Ireland. The bombers failed to realize that the ship had been captured by the German Navy back on 12 Jul. The German crew survived the sinking, but would be rescued by the British and would become prisoners of war. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Operation Ambassador: Destroyers HMS Scimitar and HMS Saladin delivered 140 British commandos to the Channel Island of Guernsey. 40 men from the No. 3 Commando reached the shore on launches, but found their target barracks actually not used by Germans; 37 men returned to the destroyers, leaving 3 who could not swim behind to later become prisoners of war. Elsewhere, some of the launches landed at the Channel Island of Sark by mistake. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Erich Mußfeldt was assigned to Auschwitz Concentration Camp in Poland. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 USS Trenton departed Lisbon, Portugal with members of the royal family of the Duchy of Luxembourg aboard. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Low cloud and rain kept most aircraft grounded, but small formations of German bombers still ventured into British air space. The attack along the Scottish coast was unfruitful, and the raid on the Westland Aircraft factory at Yeovil, Somerset, England, United Kingdom damaged one runway and one hangar. German bombers were also sent to attack the convoy code named Pilot, but British fighters drove off the bombers before they reached the convoy. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 The United States Marine Corps established the Marine Detachment, London in Britain, consisted of the 12th Marine Company. 
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15 Jul 1940 WW2 Hampden bombers from RAF Hemswell in England, United Kingdom were sent, in one of the most daring attacks of the war, to raid Wilhelmshaven, Germany in an attempt to cripple the Tirpitz and Admiral Scheer. Six aircraft were detailed to attack Tirpitz and two to attack Admiral Scheer. Other aircraft were detailed to carry out diversionary raids. The raid was not a success. Four bombers were shot down and most of the survivors damaged (one was found to have 150 holes on its return). No damage was incurred by the German warships. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 Erwin Rommel was officially declared the commanding officer of Panzergruppe Afrika. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 Werner Mölders claimed his 100th and 101st victories over the Soviet Union. He was awarded Diamonds to his Knight's Cross for achieving 100 victories, which was to be presented later by Adolf Hitler personally. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The British Military Application of Uranium Detonation (MAUD) Committee issued its final report on atomic weapons. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 Kashii was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The keel of Canadian destroyer Huron was laid down at Newcastle-on-Tyne, England, United Kingdom. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The keel of German submarine U-223 was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The keel of German submarine U-224 was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The keel of German submarine U-623 was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The keel of German submarine U-624 was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 German submarine U-507 was launched. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 Soviet troops began a counter offensive in the Lake Ilmen area near Leningrad, Russia. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 Soviet commandos attacked the island of Morgonland in Finland and captured the 5 men stationed at the observation station. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 Honoring Charles de Gaulle's previous proclamation that the Allies had invaded the Vichy-held French Mandate of Syria and the Lebanon as liberators rather than conquerors, the British who had accepted the Vichy surrender on the previous day handed control of the territory to the locals. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 All pilots of the US Army 3rd Pursuit Squadron and 20th Pursuit Squadron based in the Philippine Islands were certified to fly the P-35A fighters. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The United States established a Naval Air Station and a Naval Operating Base at Argentia Bay, Newfoundland. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The keel of carrier Cabot was laid down at Quincy, Massachusetts, United States. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The keel of cruiser Oakland was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 ShCh-401 attacked German auxiliary submarine chasers UJ 177 and UJ 178 off Kiberg, Norway with a torpedo; the torpedo missed. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 Inigo Campioni was appointed governor of the Italian Aegean Islands, also known as the Italian Dodecanese. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 German troops encircled Smolensk, Russia. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 German 228th Regiment cleared four Stalin Line bunkers and crossed the Ljadowa River, a tributary of the Dniester River, in Ukraine. 
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15 Jul 1941 WW2 The US Marine Corps activated the Marine Detachment at the American Embassy in London, England, United Kingdom. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Makassar, Celebes. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Cruiser Köln completed a minelaying operation in the North Sea. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 German troops captured Millerovo and Boguchar in southern Russia. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 USS Enterprise departed Pearl Harbor for the South Pacific. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 In the western desert in Egypt, New Zealand Sergeant Keith Elliott won the Victoria Cross for leading an attack which captured four machine gun positions, an anti-tank gun and fifty prisoners despite being seriously wounded in the chest. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-201 attacked British ship Yeoman of Allied convoy OS-33 with torpedoes and gunfire 400 miles southwest of the Canary Islands at 0146 hours; 43 were killed, 10 survived and were rescued by Spanish tanker Castillo Almenara. In the same area, German submarine U-582 sank British ship Empire Attendant, also of Allied convoy OS-33, at 0330 hours; 59 were killed. In the South Atlantic, 1225 miles west of Portuguese Angola, German armed merchant cruiser Michel sank British transport Gloucester Castle with gunfire at 1900 hours; 93 were killed, 61 survived. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-571 disabled tanker Pennsylvania Sun 200 kilometers west of Key West, Florida, United States at 0749 hours; 2 were killed, 59 survived on 3 lifeboats. The tanker would later be repaired and would return to service. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Bombardiere was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Destroyer HMS Relentless was launched. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 The keel of British frigate Musk was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-529 was launched. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 The keel of German submarine U-746 was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 The keel of German submarine U-861 was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 German submarine U-467 was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Finnish minelayer Ruotsinsalmi and patrol boat VMV 16 sank Soviet submarine Shtsh 317 with depth charges near the lightship Kallbådagrund. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Captain Charles Hazlitt Upham, wounded during the fighting at Ruweisat Ridge in Egypt, refused to be evacuated and chose to lead his men in combat until he was unable to move. He would survive the battle and would become the only man in WW2 to be awarded the Victoria Cross and Bar decoration. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 After sundown, US Army B-24 bombers attacked Benghazi harbor. Libya. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Minesweeper HMAS Wallaroo was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 The US Joint Chiefs of Staff held its first discussion on recapturing Attu and Kiska in the Aleutian Islands. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Tug HMCS Lakeville was assigned to St. John's, Newfoundland. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 The Canadian military established its first photographic interpretation unit for the Pacific Theater. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Canadian frigate Swansea was laid down Esquimalt, British Columbia, Canada. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 The keel of American destroyer escort Stewart was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 The keel of American destroyer escort Sturtevant was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Corvette USS Might was launched. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Destroyer USS Thompson was launched. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 British No. 892 Squadron Fleet Air Arm took delivery of new Martlet IV fighters (a lend-lease version of the American F4F-4 Wildcat fighter). The squadron subsequently embarked of the light escort carriers HMS Archer and HMS Battler. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 A heavy anti-aircraft battery and an automatic weapons battery of the US 4th Marine Defense Battalion arrived at Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 In Operation Pinpoint, HMS Eagle launched 32 Spitfire fighters for Malta; 1 was lost en route. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 USS S-28 departed Dutch Harbor, US Territory of Alaska for her second war patrol. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 A salvage crew arrived at Akutan Island, US Territory of Alaska to recover a A6M2 Zero fighter that had crashed there during the Japanese attack in the prior month. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 USS Grunion attacked the Japanese anchorage at Kiska, Aleutian Islands, sinking submarine chaser Ch-25 (all 68 aboard were killed), sinking submarine chaser Ch-27 (all 68 aboard were killed), and damaging submarine chaser Ch-26. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Repair ship Akashi provided repair work for destroyer Arashio at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 New Zealand 4th Brigade and 5th Brigade captured the western end of Ruweisat Ridge near El Alamein, Egypt before dawn; without tank support, however, they suffered heavy casualties as German tanks repeatedly attacked, overrunning several positions by dusk and capturing 730 prisoners. At the eastern end of the ridge, Indian 5th Infantry Brigade, with British tank support, captured several Axis positions. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 Wing Commander and ace Paddy Finucane (32 victories) failed to return from a fighter offensive sweep over northern France. Twenty-six of his kills had taken place during the 1940 Battle of Britain. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 USS Sunfish was commissioned into service at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, California, United States with Commander R. W. Peterson in command. 
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15 Jul 1942 WW2 At 2025 hours, U-576 attacked Allied convoy KS-520 with four torpedoes 30 miles off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, United States, sinking Nicaraguan ship Bluefields, damaging US ship Chilore, and damaging Panamanian ship J. A. Mowinckel; two US Navy Kingfisher aircraft counterattacked with depth charges as well as motor vessel Unicoi with deck guns, sinking U-576, killing all 45 aboard. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Allied leadership completed the plans for the invasion and occupation of New Britain, which was scheduled for 15 Nov 1943. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 USS Copahee was reclassified an escort carrier with hull number CVE-12. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Erwin Rommel was made the commander of Heeresgruppe B. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Before dawn, Allied Northwest African Tactical Air Force bombers attacked Palermo, Sicily, Italy. During the day, US Ninth Air Force B-25 bombers attacked Palermo, Cape Gallo, Salina Island, and Cape Zifferano while the Northwest African Tactical Air Force attacked Vibo Valentia. Meanwhile, airborne troops of the UK 1st Airborne Division were relieved after fighting a larger German airborne force at Primosole Bridge over the Simeto River in Sicily, Italy for the past two days, ending Operation Fustian. Finally, US 7th Army captured the ports of Agrigento and Porto Empedocle. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The keel of Canadian frigate Loch Morlich was laid down at Wallsend-on-Tyne, England, United Kingdom. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Frigate HMS Calder was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 British frigate Musk was launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 British destroyer Zephyr was launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 British minesweeping trawler Steepholm and and minesweeper Welfare were launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 British escort carrier Thane was launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 German submarine U-988 was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 George Patton formed a provisional corps in western in Sicily, Italy. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 British submarine HMS United sank Italian submarine Remo in the Gulf of Taranto, Italy. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The Soviet Central Front began an offensive toward Orel, Russia. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Submarine USS Narwhal shelled a Japanese airfield on Matsuwa Island, Kurile Islands, the first time the Kurile Islands were attacked by an American vessel in the war. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The keel of Australian frigate HMAS Culgoa was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 A B-24 Liberator bomber and two P-39 Airacobra fighters of USAAF Eleventh Air Force flew a reconnaissance mission over Kiska and Segula Islands in the Aleutian Islands, while 9 B-24 bombers and 14 B-25 bombers attacked Kiska in the same archipelago. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The under-construction Canadian corvette Sea Cliff was renamed Guelph. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 US President Roosevelt created he Office of Economic Warfare, which was to be led by Leo Crowley. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The keel of American minesweeper Graylag was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The keel of American submarine Blower was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The keel of American destroyer escort Day was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The keel of American destroyer escort Rudderow was laid down. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 American destroyer escort George was launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 American destroyer escort Savage was launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 American destroyer escort Spangler was launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 American minesweeper Gadwall was launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 American frigates Covington and Shreveport were launched. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 US Navy Patrol Squadron 32 PBM-3C Mariner aircraft sank German submarine U-759 in the Caribbean Sea south of Haiti with depth charges (all 47 killed). 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 British sloop HMS Rochester, corvette HMS Mignonette, and corvette HMS Balsam, with the help from a US Navy PBY Catalina aircraft, sank German submarine U-135 in the Atlantic Ocean; 5 German crew were killed, 41 survived. Off the Portuguese island of Madeira, US Navy Composite Squadron 29 TBF Avenger torpedo bomber sank German submarine U-509; all 54 aboard were killed. Also off Madeira, German submarine U-135 damaged transport Twickenham. U-572 sank sailing ship Gilbert B. Walters off Venezuela. In the South Atlantic, 620 miles east of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, U-172 sank transport Harmonic at 2116 hours; 1 was killed, 38 survived. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 German submarine U-181 sank British ship Empire Lake 240 miles east of Madagascar at 1801 hours; 30 were killed, 7 survived. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 All Allied airborne operations were suspended pending an analysis of recent poor performance and high casualty rates. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The Japanese Navy launched 24 G4M bombers, escorted by about 40 to 50 A6M Zero fighters, to attack various targets in the central Solomon Islands; the bulk of the attack force was intercepted by US Army and US Navy fighters in the Rendova Island, New Georgia, Solomon Islands area, and 15 G5M bombers and 30 A6M fighters were shot down at a loss of only 3 American fighters. On land at New Georgia, men of the US Army and US Marine Corps launched an offensive at Laiana Beach. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Shokaku arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Before dawn, Allied Northwest African Strategic Air Force Wellington bombers attacked airfields and docks at Naples, Italy. During the day, Villa San Giovanni and Foggia were attacked by Allied aircraft. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Nachi arrived at Paramushiro (Paramushir), Kurile Islands. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Roosevelt Roads Naval Base in Puerto Rico was commissioned as an operations base. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 The US Navy established a new scheme for the designation of aircraft carriers. Large fleet carriers would retain the designation of CV. 10,000-ton carriers built on light cruiser hulls were from CV to CVL (light carriers). Auxiliary aircraft carriers, previuosly ACV, were now redesignated as CVE (escort carriers). Finally, the new designation of CVB (large carriers) was established for the Midway-class carriers. 
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15 Jul 1943 WW2 Carrier Langley was reclassified as a light carrier. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Truk and arrived at Mereyon, Yap; she would depart later on the same day. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Rommel communicated to Hitler that Germany should seriously consider ending the war on favorable terms when it was still possible; for a unknown reason, this letter was delayed in its delivery, not reaching Hitler until 20 Jul. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 US 83rd Infantry Division became part of the US VIII Corps. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 A British No. 206 Squadron RAF Liberator bomber sank German submarine U-319 with depth charges in the North Sea; the aircraft was also lost during the successful attack. Also in the North Sea, another Liberator bomber from No. 159 Squadron RAF attacked U-561, but was shot down by German anti-aircraft fire. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Claus von Stauffenberg aborted an assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler when Hitler departed a conference earlier than expected. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 US Fifteenth Air Force in Italy launched more than 600 bombers to attack four oil refineries in the Ploesti and Teleajenul areas in Romania. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Japanese-American Staff Sergeant Kazuo Otani of the US 442nd Infantry Regiment was killed while fighting near Pieve di Santa Luce, Italy. He repeated exposed himself to German fire in order to give directions to his platoon, and crawled under fire to give medical aid to a wounded soldier. He would later be awarded a posthumous Medal of Honor. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Soviet forces launched an offensive at the Finnish line in northern Karelia on the border of Finland and Russia; Finnish 5th Division counterattacked near Nietjrvi in the afternoon. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 The Soviet Second Baltic Front captured Opochka, Russia. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 German submarine U-679 damaged Soviet torpedo boat TK-57. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 German submarine U-181 sank transport Tanda in the Indian Ocean. In the Mozambique Channel between continental Africa and Madagascar, U-198 sank transport Director; 1 was killed, 56 survived. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 In the Mariana Islands, US Seventh Air Force P-47 fighters based on Saipan attacked targets on Tinian. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 US Navy Bombing Squadron109 PB4Y Liberator bombers based at Isley Field on Saipan, Mariana Islands attacked Iwo Jima, Chichi Jima, and Haha Jima. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Minesweeper HMCS Rossland was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 American minesweeper Ptarmigan was launched. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Minesweeper USS Diploma was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 In the Caroline Islands, US B-24 bombers attacked Truk and Yap. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 The US Eighth Air Force based in Britain launched two missions over France, with 169 P-38 Lightning and P-47 Thunderbolt fighter-bombers attacking German transportation southeast of Paris (3 aircraft lost) and 6 B-17 Flying Fortress bombers dropping propaganda leaflets over French cities after sundown. Four B-26 Marauder bombers of the US Ninth Air Force hit the L'Aigle rail bridge in the afternoon, while fighters also of the Ninth Air Force attacked various targets at Saint-Lô, Argentan, and Falaise. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 French Milice members executed 28 prisoners who participated in a revolt on the previous day at Santé Prison in Paris, France. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Claus von Stauffenberg met with Adolf Hitler at Rastenburg, East Prussia, Germany at 1300 hours. General Friedrich Olbricht activated Valkyrie in Berlin, Germany two hours prior to the meeting, expecting his troops to be in position to seize key positions in the capital at about the same moment Hitler was to be killed by a bomb that Stauffenberg brought into the meeting. Hitler departed the meeting early unexpectedly, and Olbricht hastily called off the operation, announcing that the troop movement was simply a drill. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 USS Pollack departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her eleventh war patrol. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 Two divisions of the British 8th Army attacked Arezzo, Italy. 
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15 Jul 1944 WW2 US President Roosevelt arrived in Chicago, Illinois, United States aboard his personal train Ferdinand Magellan and met with the chairman of the Democratic Convention Robert Hannegan to discuss the upcoming re-election. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 Italy declared war on Japan. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 King Leopold of Belgium again refused to abdicate. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 Japanese submarine I-502 was commissioned into service at Singapore. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 Japanese submarine I-501 was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 Japanese submarine I-505 was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 Japanese submarine I-506 was commissioned into service. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 Corvettes HMCS Timmins and HMCS Thorlock were decommissioned at Sorel, Quebec, Canada. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 Corvette HMCS Midland was decommissioned at Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Becuna attacked a Japanese Otori-class torpedo boat without effect. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Menhaden completed training in Lake Michigan in the United States. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Cero rescued three downed US airmen off Japan. Later in the day, she bombarded the Japanese lighthouse and radio station at Shiriya Saki at Higashidori, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 American battleships USS Iowa, USS Missouri, and USS Wisconsin bombarded industrial targets at Muroran, Hokkaido, Japan; the main targets were Wanishi Iron Works plants and the Muroran Works. From the air, American naval aircraft attacked northern Honshu and Hokkaido, destroying railways and coal ferries. 104 US Army P-51 fighters based in Iwo Jima Meiji, Kagamigahara, Kowa, Akenogahara, Nagoya, and Suzuko, Japan. B-24 bombers attacked Tomitaka, Usa, Kikaiga-shima, Amami Islands, Yaku-shima, Osumi Islands, and Tamega Island. After sun down, American B-29 bombers mined Japanese waters at Naoetsu and Niigata and Korean waters at Najin, Busan, and Wonsan, while other B-29 bombers attacked and seriously damaged the Nippon Oil Company facilities at Kudamatsu in southwestern Japan. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 Marquis Hironobu was made an instructor at the Japanese Navy Torpedo School. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Bluefish sank Japanese submarine I-351 in the South China Sea, hitting her with 2 of 5 torpedoes fired. 
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15 Jul 1945 WW2 USS Chub departed Subic Bay in central Luzon, Philippine Islands for her third war patrol. 
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15 Jul 1946 WW2 Cotten was decommissioned from service. 
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15 Jul 1951 RELIGIOUS The First Southern Baptist Church to be constituted in the state of Wyoming wasformed in Casper by a group of families principally related to the oil industry.
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