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History on the 7th of August

History
Date Text
07 Aug 1914 WW2 Rear Admiral Shigeushi Nakagawa was named the Chief of Staff of the Mako naval port at Pescadores islands, Taiwan. 
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07 Aug 1914 WW1 Begin of Battle of Mulhouse
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07 Aug 1918 WW2 Robert Greim was named the commanding officer of Jagdgruppe 9 and achieved his 16th kill over France. 
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07 Aug 1921 WW2 The Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was established within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. 
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07 Aug 1930 WW2 HMS Hermes departed Hong Kong. 
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07 Aug 1932 WW2 In the Soviet Union, a decree "On Protecting and Strengthening Public (Socialist) Property" made theft a political crime. The decree solemnly declared that State property was "sacred and inviolable" and that thieves were by definition "enemies of the people". The maximum penalty was to be death by shooting; the minimum ten years in a camp. 
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07 Aug 1937 WW2 Chinese Navy began planning for the blockade of the mouth of the Yangtze River at Jiangsu Province, China. 
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07 Aug 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Dengjiahe in Jiangxi Province, China. 
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07 Aug 1939 WW2 A group of British businessmen met with Hermann Göring in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, warning him that British public sentiment would not allow another act of appeasement, and that the public would push the British government to declare war on Germany. 
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07 Aug 1939 WW2 The United States Congress authorized the establishment of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. 
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07 Aug 1940 WW2 The 1st Battalion, 2nd Punjab Regiment arrived in British Somaliland to reinforce against the Italian invasion. 
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07 Aug 1940 WW2 German submarine U-38 torpedoed and sank British troopship Mohamed Ali El Kebir 160 miles off Ireland at 2140 hours en route from England to Gibraltar, killing 86 of the 697 military passengers and 10 of the 165 crew aboard. Destroyer HMS Griffin depth charged U-38 for two hours and then returned to pick up all 766 survivors. 
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07 Aug 1940 WW2 Werner Mölders returned to duty without receiving medical clearance. 
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07 Aug 1940 WW2 American destroyer Grayson was launched. 
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07 Aug 1940 WW2 Lord Halifax of the United Kingdom and US Ambassador to Tokyo Joseph Grew voiced concerns over Japanese demands for French Indochina. 
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07 Aug 1940 WW2 German aircraft bombed one convoy, but otherwise very little activity was seen during the day over and near Britain. Overnight, German aircraft bombed coastal cities and laid mines in the English Channel and between Land's End and Liverpool. 
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07 Aug 1940 WW2 USS Phoenix arrived at San Pedro, Los Angeles, California, United States. 
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07 Aug 1941 WW2 Stalin promoted himself to Generalissimo of the Soviet Army. 
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07 Aug 1941 WW2 Bruno Mussolini, Benito Mussolini's son, was killed in a plane crash. 
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07 Aug 1941 WW2 Werner Mölders was named the Inspector General of Fighters of the Luftwaffe. 
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07 Aug 1941 WW2 After dark, 84 British aircraft were launched to attack Essen, Germany (108 tons of high explosive bombs and 5,720 incendiary bombs were dropped, damaging the Krupp coke oven batteries), 31 launched against Hamm (damaging rail marshalling yard), 32 launched against Dortmund, 88 launched against Kiel (104 tons of high explosive bombs and 4,836 incendiary bombs were dropped, damaging Deutsche Werke Shipyards), and a number of bombers were launched against Hamburg (poor visibility and results were not observed). 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 US Marines landed on Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands with the aim of safeguarding the sea supply lines between Australia and America and to form the first of the island "stepping stones" which would carry the Americans across the Pacific to Japan; the airfield on the island provided the Marines with a vital facility. Just across the water to the north, Brigadier General William H. Rupertus, Deputy Commander of the US 1st Marine Division, led an assault on Tulagi. Lieutenant Colonel Merritt A. Edson's 1st Raider Battalion landed first, followed by Lieutenant Colonel Harold E. Rosecran's 2nd Battalion 5th Marines. The Japanese defenders put up a much stiffer resistance than their comrades on Guadalcanal but by nightfall Edsons's Marines had reached the former British residency overlooking Tulagi's harbour and dug in for the night on a hill overlooking the Japanese final positions. At the same time the 2nd Battalion 5th Marines had fought their way through to the north shore clearing the sector of enemy positions, after which they moved into support of the Raiders. The days fighting had cost the 2nd Battalion 5th Marines 56 men killed and wounded, whilst the 1st Raiders had suffered 99 casualties. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 The Australian merchant ship Mamutu, sailing from Port Moresby in New Guinea for Australia and carrying 32 crew and 82 passengers, including 28 children, was shelled and sunk by a Japanese submarine which then machine gunned the survivors in the water. Only one person was rescued. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 Destroyer Yuzuki was recalled back to Rabaul, New Britain, Bismarck Islands as a response to the Allied attack on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 The United States Marine Corps established Marine Aircraft Wings, Pacific. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 German submarine U-108 sank Norwegian ship Breñas in the South Atlantic at 0133 hours; 1 was killed, 33 survived but the captain was captured by U-108. At 0225 hours, U-572 sank Dutch ship Delfshaven 800 miles west of Freetown, British West Africa; 1 was killed, 38 survived. At 2147 hours, U-109 sank Norwegian tanker Arthur W. Sewall 1,400 miles west of Freetown, British West Africa; all 36 aboard survived. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 German submarine U-77 sank a sailboat 85 miles east of Cape Greco, Cyprus at 0700 hours. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 British submarine HMS Proteus sank German freighter Wachtfels 100 miles south of Athens, Greece. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 British submarine HMS Thorn attempted to attack an Italian convoy 50 miles southwest of Crete, Greece at 1255 hours, but was instead sunk by a counterattack by Italian torpedo boat Pegaso at 1345 hours; all 61 aboard were killed. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 American cruisers bombarded Japanese-positions at Kiska, US Territory of Alaska. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 USS S-31 bombarded Kiska, US Territory of Alaska. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 USS S-35 reported weather conditions near Kiska, US Territory of Alaska in the Aleutian Islands. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 George Kenney requested for the authorization from George Marshall to create an all-American numbered air force in Australia. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 At 0730 hours, 13 US B-17 Flying Fortress bombers took off from Port Moresby, Australian Papua to attack Rabaul, New Britain. Between 0950 and 1045 hours, prior to the arrival of the US attack, 17 Zero fighters of the Japanese Tainan Air Group, 27 Type 1 G4M aircraft of 4th Air Group, and 9 Type 99 D3A aircraft of 2nd Air Group were launched from Rabaul area airfields to join the battle in the Guadalcanal area in the Solomon Islands. The US attack caused minimal damage to runways and minor damage to 12 defending Zero fighters. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 Tenryu departed Kavieng, New Ireland with five other cruisers for Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands; the force was spotted by USS S-38, but the submarine could not gain a favorable attack position. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 Joseph Stilwell departed Chongqing, China for Delhi, India via Assam in northeastern India. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 William Gott, Winston Churchill's choice to replace Claude Auchinleck as the head of the British 8th Army, was killed when his aircraft was shot down by German Bf 109 fighters while traveling from Borg el-Arab to Cairo in Egypt. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 USS Tambor sank Japanese auxiliary net layer Shofuku Maru off Wotje, Marshall Islands. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 USS Grayback fired two torpedoes at a Japanese trawler in the South China Sea; both torpedoes missed. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 Elements of German 6.Armee crossed the Don River near Kalach-na-Donu, southern Russia, west of Stalingrad. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 Soviet cruiser Krasny Krym and destroyer Nezamozhnik evacuated troops from Novorossiysk, Russia as German 17th Army neared. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Mako, Pescadores. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 In response to newspaper Chicago Tribune's 7 Jun 1942 issue hinting the US Navy had knowledge of the Japanese order of battle prior to the engagement, the US government ordered an investigation by a Federal Grand Jury. This investigation would later find that Chicago Tribune correspondent Stanley Johnston had stolen a report containing this information while he reported aboard USS Barnett days prior to the battle. 
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07 Aug 1942 WW2 Excursion steamer Greater Buffalo was acquired by the US Navy. 
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07 Aug 1943 WW2 Otto Skorzeny thought Benito Mussolini was being kept in La Spezia, Italy, and was about to launch a rescue attempt when he learned that he was moved hours prior, and canceled the operation at the last moment. In fact, his intelligence was flawed as Mussolini was never transferred to La Spezia; on this date, Mussolini was being transferred out of the island of Ponza, Italy via a destroyer. 
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07 Aug 1943 WW2 The keel of submarine Hawkbill was laid down. 
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07 Aug 1943 WW2 Oberstleutnant Ernst Kühl stepped down as the commanding officer of the German Kampfgeschwader 55 wing. 
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07 Aug 1943 WW2 The Munda airfield on New Georgia in the Solomon Islands, captured by the Americans from the Japanese on 1 Aug 1943, was declared operational for emergencies. 
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07 Aug 1943 WW2 USS Whale patrolled waters between Japan and Caroline Islands. 
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07 Aug 1943 WW2 USS Cisco departed the Panama Canal Zone. 
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07 Aug 1943 WW2 Soviet troops reached the area northeast of Poltava and Akhtyrka, Russia. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 Erwin Rommel received the Wound Badge in Gold. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 USS Croaker sank Japanese light cruiser Nagara after hitting her with 1 of 4 torpedoes fired. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 A Japanese aircraft made the first aerial ramming attempt at an American bomber. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 USS Sea Robin was commissioned into service with Lieutenant Commander Paul Stimson in command. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 USS Guitarro attacked a Japanese convoy off Luzon, Philippine Islands in the South China Sea, sinking frigate Kusakaki with three of the six torpedoes fired. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 USS Pompon attacked a Japanese transport off Sakhalin island; all 4 torpedoes missed. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 USS Puffer attacked a Japanese convoy off the Philippine Islands and sank a freighter, hitting her with 1 of 4 torpedoes fired. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 The Indian 36th Division became the last Chindit formation to engaged in combat in Burma. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 During a strategy conference in London, England, United Kingdom, Alan Brooke determined that the next Allied target in Burma should be Rangoon, and the best method of attack would be an airborne assault. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 German troops counterattacked in Avranches, France; the offensive was code named Operation Lüttich. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 Field Marshal Erwin von Witzleben was tried and sentenced to death. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 USS Sterlet fired seven torpedoes at a Japanese convoy in the Pacific Ocean, sinking a transport with two hits. 
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07 Aug 1944 WW2 German prisoners of war Georg Jantschi and Karl Kosch were transferred from the Lefortovo Prison in Moscow, Russia to the special Prisoner of War Camp No. 27 in the city's suburbs. 
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07 Aug 1945 WW2 USS Blenny reported sinking four small Japanese craft with the deck gun in the South China Sea off Malaya. 
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07 Aug 1945 WW2 USS Gar departed Apra Harbor, Guam, Mariana Islands. 
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07 Aug 1945 WW2 USS Bugara sank 2 small enemy craft with her deck gun in the Gulf of Siam and South China Sea area during the day. 
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07 Aug 1945 WW2 USS Pintado departed Guam, Mariana Islands for her sixth and final war patrol on lifeguard station off Japan. 
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07 Aug 1945 WW2 USS Ray sank 17 small craft with her deck gun off Saponnoi, Thailand; several hours later, she dispatched boarding parties to scuttle seven junks north of Lem Chong Pra, Thailand by fire. 
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07 Aug 1945 WW2 USS Rock arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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07 Aug 1945 WW2 The Japanese Nakajima J8N-1 Kikka (Orange Blossom) naval special attack aircraft made its maiden flight at Kisarazu Naval Airfield in Japan with Lieutenant Commander Susumu Takaoka at the controls. The Kikka aircraft, a single-seat twin-jet attack aircraft was based on the German Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter. 
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07 Aug 1946 WW2 HMCS Nootka (R96) was commissioned with Commander H. S. Rayner in command. 
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07 Aug 1946 WW2 USS Cabrilla was decommissioned from service. 
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07 Aug 1946 WW2 USS Hoe was decommissioned from service at New London, Connecticut, United States and was placed in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. 
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