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History on the 2nd of September

History
Date Text
02 Sep 1914 WW1 Begin of Siege of Tsingtao
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02 Sep 1916 WW2 George Brett transferred to the Aviation Section of the US Army Signal Corps. 
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02 Sep 1917 WW2 Wolfgang Kapp and Alfred von Tirpitz established the Fatherland Party with the aim of rekindling the militaristic spirit of 1914 by appealing for National unity to achieve a German victory. 
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02 Sep 1918 WW2 The VCheKa (All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, Sabotage and Misconduct in Office) issued the order to arrest members of all political parties except for the Bolsheviks, businessmen, land owners, and priests, setting the precedence for similar mass-arrests of "enemies of the people" of the Stalin-era. 
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02 Sep 1919 WW2 Adolf Hitler joined the German Workers' Party (German: Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, or simply DAP). 
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02 Sep 1920 WW2 The Russo-Polish peace talk moved to Riga, Latvia as the extent of the Bolshevik military defeat became known. 
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02 Sep 1937 WW2 Craven was commissioned into service. 
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02 Sep 1937 WW2 The F4F Wildcat fighter took its first flight. 
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02 Sep 1937 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at San Francisco, California, United States; many of her passengers were refugees from Shanghai, China. 
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02 Sep 1939 WW2 The Germans began the construction of Stutthof Concentration Camp with labor of 65,000 Polish Christians. 
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02 Sep 1939 WW2 Germany annexed the Free City of Danzig. Adolf Hitler advised the United Kingdom and France that he would withdraw from Poland if allowed to keep Danzig and the Polish corridor. 
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02 Sep 1939 WW2 Benito Mussolini continued to urge peace between Germany, United Kingdom, and France, without any success. 
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02 Sep 1939 WW2 The United Kingdom passed the National Service Act. 
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02 Sep 1939 WW2 During the day, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and French Prime Minister Édouard Daladier issued a joint ultimatum to Germany, demanding the withdraw of troops from Poland within 12 hours. During the late hours of the night, Chamberlain attempted to convince Dalalier to carry out the threat from the earlier ultimatum by declaring war on Germany early in the next morning. 
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02 Sep 1939 WW2 The Times Literary Supplement reported that the copy of the Magna Carta owned by the Lincoln Cathedral of England, United Kingdom, currently on display at the 1939 New York World's Fair, would remain in the United States under the care of the Library of Congress for the duration of the war. It would be stored at Fort Knox until its return to Lincoln in 1944. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 British submarine HMS Sturgeon sank German troop ship Pionier off Skagen, Denmark at 2000 hours. Most of the 750 to 1,000 German troops aboard Pionier, en route to Frederiksstad, Norway, were killed. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 German submarine U-47 sank Belgian ship Ville de Mons with four torpedoes 200 miles west of Isle of Lewis, Scotland at 1900 hours. All 54 aboard survived. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 German submarine U-58 departed Lorient, France; only 30 miles out of the port, she was detected by British submarine HMS Tigris, which fired a spread of torpedoes at her; all torpedoes missed. German submarine U-46 sank British ship Thornlea 200 miles northwest of Ireland at 2200 hours, killing 3; 19 survivors were rescued by Canadian destroyer HMCS Skeena, while another 14 survivors would be rescued on the following day by the Norwegian ship Hild. 200 miles west of the Isle of Lewis, Scotland, United Kingdom, German submarine U-47 sank Belgian ship Ville de Mons with four torpedoes at 1900 hours; all 54 aboard survived. Far to the south, German armed merchant cruiser Widder sank British tanker Cymbeline with the deck gun and a torpedo in the Central Atlantic 800 miles west of the Canary Islands, killing 7; Widder remained in the area for four hours and rescued 26 survivors. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt approved the "destroyers for bases" deal with the United Kingdom. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 US Secretary of State Hull and British Ambassador Lord Lothian concluded the destroyers-for-bases deal. The United States was to provide the United Kingdom with 50 WW1-era destroyers; the United Kingdom, in return, was to provide 99-years leases on land in the Bahamas, Antigua, St. Lucia, Trinidad, Jamaica, and British Guiana to build American military bases and to provide land in Newfoundland and Bermuda as gifts to the US. Planning was quickly placed in motion for the dispatch of US Marine Corps units to these newly gained future bases. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 No. 25 and 29 Squadrons RAF each received their first Beaufighter fighters. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille shot down a British Spitfire fighter, his second kill, over Kent, England, United Kingdom. He received minor damage in the engagement and ran out of fuel, but successfully crash landed on a beach near Calais, France. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 In the morning, German bombers attacked RAF Eastchurch (destroyed buildings and down to only one runway), RAF Rochford (bombs fell on Gravesend instead of the airfield), RAF North Weald (most bombers forced back), and RAF Biggin Hill (suffered heavy damage) in England, United Kingdom. In the afternoon, RAF Hornchurch (most bombs missed), RAF Eastchurch (bomb dump detonated), and the Vickers bomber factory at Brooklands, Weybridge, Surrey, England, United Kingdom was attacked. On this day, the RAF shot down 27 German fighters and 10 bombers, while British anti-aircraft fire shot down a further 1 fighter and 3 bombers; 20 RAF fighters were shot down, with 10 pilots killed. Overnight, German bombers attacked Liverpool, Manchester, and Sheffield. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 James Lacey shot down two German Bf 109 fighters and a Do 17 aircraft over Britain. 
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02 Sep 1940 WW2 Josef Frantisek, flying a Hurricane fighter, scored his first kill, a German Bf 109E fighter, as a RAF pilot. 
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02 Sep 1941 WW2 RAF bombers began daylight bombing of targets in northern France. 
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02 Sep 1941 WW2 Kasuga Maru was commissioned into service. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed Lorenco Marques, Portuguese East Africa. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 G1 and T1 Patrols of the British Long Range Desert Group departed from Faiyum, Egypt for a raiding mission against the Italian base at Barce, Libya. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 The first Hawker Tempest Mk V (HM595) aircraft flew for the first time. One of the fastest fighters of the war, the Tempest entered service in Apr 1944. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 A British Sunderland aircraft attacked Italian submarine Reginaldo Giuliani on the surface in the Bay of Biscay west of France at 1244 hours, damaging the submarine; 2 were killed. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 On the coast of Milne Bay in Australian Papua, Australian troops halted their attack on the Japanese beachhead near Waga Waga. Further inland, Australians 2/14th and 2/16th Battalions fell back from Eora along the Kokoda Track. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 US B-17 bombers damaged Japanese minelayer Tsugaru in the northern Solomon Islands; 14 were killed. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Destroyer Yuzuki departed Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 USS Flying Fish attacked a Japanese ship off Truk, Caroline Islands; both torpedoes fired hit the target, but none detonated. She was damaged during the counterattack. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 German training submarine U-222 sank in Danzig Bay north of Danzig, Germany after colliding with training submarine U-626; 42 were killed, 3 survived. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Armored cars of 4/8th Hussars of British 4th Armoured Brigade penetrated Axis lines near Alam el Halfa, Egypt, destroying 57 German supply trucks near Himeimat. Erwin Rommel decided that he would withdraw since he could not gain initiative in battle. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille shot down a Hurricane fighter (Pilot Officer G. R. Dibbs) and two P-40 fighters (US 1st Lieutenant M. McMarrel serving in South African Air Force and British Lieutenant Stuart) in his morning sortie between 0916 and 0924 hours over El Alamein, Egypt. In the afternoon sortie, he shot down two more P-40 fighters (Lieutenant E. H. D. Carman and Lieutenant J. Lindbergh) over El Imayid, Egypt. At the end of the day his score stood at 126. Also on this date, his superiors nominated him for Diamonds to his Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross medal. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 200 British bombers attacked Karlsruhe, Germany, destroying many buildings and killing 73 civilians; 8 bombers were lost on this mission. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Japanese submarine I-29 sank British ship Gazcon in the mouth of the Gulf of Aden; killing 12. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 USS Guardfish sank Japanese freighter Teikyu Maru 13 miles off of Hokkaido, Japan at 0844 hours. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Nachi arrived at Paramushiro (Paramushir), Kurile Islands. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Destroyer Yukikaze departed Saipan, Mariana Islands to escort carrier Unyo to Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 German 46th Infantry Division crossed Strait of Kerch and landed on the Taman Peninsula in southern Russia via 24 landing barges and other small boats. Meanwhile, German 17th Army moved toward Novorossiysk. As the Soviets evacuated from nearby ports, Italian and German surface vessels intercepted some of the convoys, sinking Soviet gunboats Oktybar and Rostov-Don. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Flagship of Soviet Northern Sea Route Dezhnev, disabled by Admiral Scheer at Dikson, Russia six days prior, was repaired and put back into service. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 German bombers attacked Teignmouth, England, United Kingdom. In London, England, the British War Cabinet received the Home Security Situation Report for the week, which noted that in the week ending at 0600 hours on 2 Sep 1942, 92 British civilians were killed by German bombing while a further 91 were seriously wounded. 
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02 Sep 1942 WW2 Allied convoy PQ-18 departed Loch Ewe, Scotland, United Kingdom; it was supported by two tankers and one rescue ship and was escorted by two anti-aircraft vessels, three destroyers, four corvettes, and four trawlers. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 After enduring months of torture at the hands of the Gestapo, Josef Mahler, an emigré Communist Jew, expelled from the Netherlands in 1940, was executed in prison in Düsseldorf, Germany. The Gestapo had failed to obtain from him any confession of a conspiratorial nature. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 The British Royal Navy battleships HMS Warspite and HMS Valiant bombarded Reggio Calabria at the southern tip of Italy, eliminating a six gun battery. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho was assigned to the Standby Force of the Mobile Force of Carrier Division 2 of the Third Fleet. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 Repair ship Akashi performed repair work for cable layer Osei Maru at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 Captured French submarine Henri Poincaré departed Toulon, France with an Italian crew. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Part of Photographic Squadron 3 (VD-3) departed. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 Unescorted B-17 bombers of the Northwest African Strategic Air Force (NASAF) raided the rail marshalling yards at Bolzano, Trento, and Bologna and Italy. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 Destroyer Yukikaze arrived at Kure, Japan where she would be drydocked for repairs and refitting. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 Viktor Abakumov suggested trying some of the German officers captured at Stalingrad, Russia as war criminals as they were responsible for Soviet deaths at a prisoner of war camp at the village of Alekseevka near Stalingrad. Some of these German officers include camp commandant Rudolf Körpert, Werner von Kunowski, Wilhelm Langheld, and Otto Mäder. 
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02 Sep 1943 WW2 USS Whale arrived at Midway Atoll, ending her fifth war patrol. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 German troops began evacuating the Aegean Islands. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 Canadian troops crossed into Belgium. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Tunny surfaced late at night and set sail for home. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Finback rescued downed aviator and future President of the United States George Bush off Chichi Jima, Bonin Islands. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 Soviet Union declared war on Bulgaria having refused a plea from Tsar Simeon II that the country desired to withdraw from its war with Britain and America and become a neutral. A little more than five hours later, Bulgaria called for an armistice. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 Slovakian Defense Minister Ferdinand Catlos abandoned his post and joined the partisan fighters. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 Vojtech Tuka resigned as the Prime Minister of the German puppet nation Slovak Republic, citing poor health. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 The British 51st Highland Division entered Saint-Valery-en-Caux, France, where most of the original division had been taken prisoner in Jun 1940. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 Edward Brooks personally led an attack on a 165-vehicle German convoy near Marchiennes, France; this action would earn him the Oak Leaf Cluster to his Silver Star medal. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 The German V-2 weapon was declared operational. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Yokosuka, Japan for her 21th voyage with the Japanese Navy. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 Irako arrived at Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippine Islands. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 Romanian troops entered the German legation in Bucharest, Romania. German Minister Manfred von Killinger shot himself after citing that a ship's captain should also go down with a sinking ship; Romanians arrested the remaining diplomats and military attachés including General Erik Hansen, Admiral Werner Tillessen, General Alfred Gertenberg, and General Karl Spalcke. 
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02 Sep 1944 WW2 While attempting to unclog a uranium enrichment device at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, Pennsylvania, United States for the Manhattan Project, chemists Peter Bragg, Douglas Meigs, and Arnold Kramish accidentally set of an explosion, which sprayed liquid uranium hexafluoride and hydrofuoric acid on them. Bragg and Meigs were killed, while Kramish and two soldliers, George LeFevre and John Tompkins, were seriously injured. 
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02 Sep 1945 WW2 Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Hanoi. 
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02 Sep 1945 WW2 USS Missouri hosted the official ceremony during which Japan surrendered to the Allies. 
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02 Sep 1945 WW2 V-J Day: Japan signed the surrender document aboard USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay. 
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02 Sep 1945 WW2 USS Marcus Island arrived at Alameda, California, United States. 
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02 Sep 1946 WW2 Light carrier Hosho began to be broken up for scraps by Hitachi Zosen, Sakurajima, Japan. 
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02 Sep 1946 WW2 Submarine Skipjack was raised at Bikini Atoll. 
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02 Sep 1947 WW2 US President Harry Truman embarked USS Missouri at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 
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02 Sep 1949 WW2 The prototype of de Havilland Venom jet fighter took its first flight. 
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