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History on the 8th of September

History
Date Text
08 Sep 1914 WW2 During Battle of the Marne, a change in the German attack exposed their flank and the French 6th Army, under General Michel-Joseph Maunoury, commandeered 600 Paris taxis to make an opportunist attack. The other Allied forces did not hear of the tactical switch and continued to fall back. A German counterattack at the centre of the line threw back the French under Marshal Foch. 
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08 Sep 1918 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt arrived in New York, New York, United States via passenger ship Leviathan. 
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08 Sep 1922 WW2 Hikokichi Ijuin succeeded Isaburo Yamagata as the Governor-General of Kwantung Leased Territory in northeastern China. 
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08 Sep 1923 WW2 Chuichi Nagumo was named the chairman of a special Japanese Navy rescue committee in the wake of the Great Kanto Earthquake. 
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08 Sep 1924 WW2 USS Marblehead was commissioned into service with Captain Chauncey Shackford in command. 
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08 Sep 1926 WW2 Germany was admitted to the League of Nations. 
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08 Sep 1931 WW2 Kenkichi Ueda was awarded Order of the Sacred Treasure 1st Class. 
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08 Sep 1936 WW2 French Army tested AMR 33 light tanks with upgraded suspension systems. 
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08 Sep 1937 WW2 Liu Cuigang, flying a Hawk III fighter, claimed to have destroyed two Japanese tanks in Shanghai, China with bombs and claimed a Japanese fighter shot down. 
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08 Sep 1937 WW2 Tenryu entered Sasebo Naval Arsenal, Japan to receive additional Type 92 7.7-millimeter machine guns. 
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08 Sep 1938 WW2 Alfred Jodl's diary entry on this date noted his worries about the weak defenses on Germany's western border with France. 
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08 Sep 1938 WW2 Lieutenant General Tomou Kodama was named the commanding officer of the Taiwan Army. 
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08 Sep 1939 WW2 Werner Mölders crash landed his fighter aircraft after developing engine trouble; his back was injured, which kept him out of action for 11 days. 
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08 Sep 1939 WW2 Polish defenders at Westerplatte, Danzig surrendered. 
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08 Sep 1939 WW2 German troops burned 200 Jews alive in a synagogue and executed 30 Jews in the public square in Bedzin, Poland. 
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08 Sep 1939 WW2 Arthur Greiser was named the head of the military government in Poland. 
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08 Sep 1939 WW2 German troops neared the suburbs of Warsaw, and the Polish government evacuated to Lublin. 
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08 Sep 1939 WW2 Lavrentiy Beria organized two NKVD operational groups, to be based in Kiev in Ukraine and Minsk in Byelorussia, for near-future deployment to eastern Poland to arrest resistance elements. The two groups in Ukraine and Byelorussia were led by Ivan Serov and Lavrentiy Tsanava, respectively. 
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08 Sep 1939 WW2 King George VI of Britain suggested to Lord Hankey, Minister without Portfolio, that the Government might not reject any German peace proposals out of hand, but should instead say that "We are prepared to discuss terms with the German people, but not with Hitler or his regime". 
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08 Sep 1939 WW2 US President Franklin Roosevelt declared a limited state of emergency. One of his orders of the day was to increase the US Marine Corps enlisted strength to be increased from 18,325 to 25,000, partially to be achieved by authorizing the recall of officers and men from the Marine Corps retired lists. 
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08 Sep 1940 WW2 British cruiser HMS Aurora, escorted by 3 destroyers, shelled German shipping and invasion barges in the harbor of Boulogne, France. 
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08 Sep 1940 WW2 Battleship Bismarck fired 72 3.7cm and 65 2cm shells against raiding British aircraft without any hits. 
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08 Sep 1940 WW2 British torpedo boats MTB-14, MTB-15 and MTB-17 sank a German ammunition ship off Ostend, Belgium. 
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08 Sep 1940 WW2 German armed merchant cruiser Widder stopped Greek collier Antonios Chandris in the Central Atlantic. Captain Ruckteschell of Widder ordered the crew of 29 to abandon ship. The Greek ship would be sunk by demolition charges on the next day. 
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08 Sep 1940 WW2 Adolf Galland was nearly shot down on the French coast by fellow pilot Ulrich Steinhilper in an episode of mis-identification. 
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08 Sep 1940 WW2 At 1200 hours, 20 German bombers escorted by 30 Bf 109 fighters flew for London, England, United Kingdom, but the group was intercepted by British fighters; 3 German bombers and 1 German fighter were shot down at the cost of 4 British fighters. At 1930 hours, 30 German bombers dropped incendiary bombs on London, causing fires for the purpose of marking target zones for bombers that would arrive during the night. The night time raid saw bombs dropped on East End in London once more; 3 of the German night raiders were shot down by anti-aircraft guns. Meanwhile, the British War Cabinet was convinced that the German invasion of Britain would take place very soon. The warnings passed to local Home Forces commanders led to many church bells across England being rung as some commanders thought the invasion had already started; some of them went as far as blowing up bridges. Finally, on this day, the British government declared the National Day of Prayer. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 Leningrad in northern Russia became completely surrounded as German troops reached Lake Ladoga at Orekhovets. German aircraft attacked the city with primary targets being warehouses that might be holding food. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 British destroyer HMS Croome forced Italian submarine Maggiore Baracca to surface 275 miles northeast of the Azores islands, then proceeded to ram the submarine, resulting in her sinking. 23 Italian sailors were killed; 34 survived. HMS Croome was damaged in the stern and was ordered to Gibraltar for repairs. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 British Flying Fortress bombers unsuccessfully attacked the German cruiser Admiral Scheer in Oslofjord, Norway. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 British sloop HMS Rosemary and Polish destroyer Burza collided at Milford Haven, Wales, United Kingdom; both suffered minor damage. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 German aircraft attacked and damaged British destroyers HMS Kipling, HMS Kimberley, and HMS Decoy as the ships carried supplies from Alexandria, Egypt for besieged Tobruk, Libya. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 USS Grampus began patrolling in the Caribbean Sea. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 Joseph Rochefort's cryptanalytic team detected increased radio traffic between carriers and land bases, and interpreted it as the Japanese Navy conducting fitting out operations of carriers with new air groups. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 Shokaku arrived at Yokosuka, Japan and disembarked Commander First Air Fleet. 
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08 Sep 1941 WW2 USS Grayback departed New London, Connecticut, United States. 
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08 Sep 1942 WW2 A German aircraft detected Allied arctic convoy PQ-18 late in the day, but it would lose track of the convoy due to heavy fog. 
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08 Sep 1942 WW2 Troops of the 2nd Battalion of Japanese 144th Regiment flanked Australian positions near Efogi on the Kokoda Track, Australian Papua, surrounding 3 battalions; after holding their positions through the day, the Australians escaped through the Japanese lines after sundown after suffering 87 killed and inflicting 60 killed on the Japanese side. 
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08 Sep 1942 WW2 At Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, Japanese troops began marching toward the US positions at Lunga. 813 men of the US Marine Corps 1st Raider Battalion landed at Taivu, destroying or capturing food, ammunition, medical supplies, documents, and a radio to disrupt the Japanese advance. After dark, Japanese cruiser Sendai and eight destroyers bombarded the US naval base on nearby Tulagi Island. 
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08 Sep 1942 WW2 Repair ship Akashi completed the repair work for destroyer Hagikaze at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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08 Sep 1942 WW2 249 British bombers attacked Frankfurt, Germany; most bombs missed and fell in Rüsselsheim 15 miles southwest of the city; 7 bombers were lost on this mission. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Operation Sizilien: Tirpitz attacked the Allied base at Spitzbergen. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Operation Sizilien: Scharnhorst attacked the Allied base at Spitzbergen. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 USS S-28 departed for her seventh war patrol. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Otto Skorzeny conducted a reconnaissance flight in a He 111 aircraft over Campo Imperatore at Gran Sasso in central Italy and spotted a meadow which could be used as a glider landing field. On the return flight, he narrowly escaped from an Allied air attack. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 British HMS Aurora, HMS Penelope, HMS Dido, and HMS Sirius departed Bizerte, Tunisia at 1700 hours with troops of British 1st Airborne Division. In western Italy, Allied troops landed at Pizo; the landings were attacked by troops of German Krüger Battle Group. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Garland completed her refitting and returned to service. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Philipp was arrested by the Nazi Party. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Jürgen Stroop was made the Higher SS and Police Leader in Greece. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 USS Tunny arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her fourth war patrol. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: More of Air Group 5 on board. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 The Italians formally announced their unconditional surrender to the Allies, leading to German reserve forces crossing the border into Italy. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Italian Navy Xa Flottiglia MAS based at La Spezia, Italy under Commander Junio Valerio Borghese reported the strength of 400 men. 
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08 Sep 1943 WW2 Naka arrived at Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 In Belgium, US First Army captured Liége and Canadian forces captured Ostend. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 Destroyer Yuzuki departed Moji, Japan, escorting Convoy HI-75 for Singapore. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Guitarro arrived at Fremantle, Austrialia, ending her second war patrol. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Wasp's aircraft attacked Japanese positions in the Palau Islands. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 Joseph Stilwell rejected Chiang Kaishek and Patrick Hurley's recommendation to march on Bhamo, Buma, citing troop exhaustion. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 The third German V-2 rocket fired in anger became the first to successfully hit the intended target, hitting an area in the suburbs of Paris, France. The fourth and fifth rockets, aimed at London, England, United Kingdom, also found their targets. The fourth rocket fired at 1738 hours London time or 1838 hours German time landed in the Borough of Chiswick at 1843 hours London time; it landed on Staveley Road, collapsed three houses, killed 3 civilians and 1 off-duty Royal Engineers soldier, and made a crater 40 feet wide and between 10 and 20 feet deep. The fifth rocket landed 16 seconds later in Epping, which was 18 miles northeast of Whitehall and 20 miles from Chiswick; this rocket destroyed some wodden huts and made a crater 30 feet wide and 16 feet deep. The British government censored all these incidents in fear of potential demoralizing effects. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 RAF Bomber Command's last operation with the Short Stirling bomber was made by No. 148 Squadron against Le Havre, France. The Stirling bombers would then be relegated to troop-transport and glider tug missions only. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 Former German intelligence officer Colonel Georg Hansen was executed at the Plötzensee Prison in Berlin, Germany. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 The German Air Ministry issued a requirement for a simple, lightweight, and easy to operate jet fighter. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Bergall departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii for her first war patrol. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Alabama escorted US carriers as carrier aircraft attacked Japanese positions in the Caroline Islands. 
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08 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Preston guarded carriers while the carriers launched strikes against Palau Islands. 
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08 Sep 1945 WW2 Escorted by eight fighters, He Yingqin arrived in Nanjing, China by air at 0900 hours; later in the day he would meet with General Yasuji Okamura to work out the surrender ceremony details. 
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08 Sep 1945 WW2 General Douglas MacArthur arrived in Tokyo, Japan. 
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08 Sep 1945 WW2 The Japanese Navy Northern Fleet surrendered to the Americans at Mutsu Bay, Japan. 
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08 Sep 1945 WW2 Former Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo failed in his suicide attempt at Sugamo Prison, Tokyo, Japan. 
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08 Sep 1945 WW2 Elements of the USAAF 3rd Bomberment Group was assigned to Atsugi Airfield in Japan. 
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08 Sep 1945 WW2 American troops landed at Inchon, Korea to prevent the Soviet Union from breaking the previous agreement for Soviet troops to only occupy northern Korea. 
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08 Sep 1945 WW2 Royal New Zealand Air Force aircraft dropped leaflets on Nauru and Ocean Islands, urging Japanese soldiers to stop fighting and surrender. 
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08 Sep 1945 WW2 Aleksandr Vasilevsky was made a Hero of the Soviet Union for the second time. 
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08 Sep 1946 WW2 About a thousand people converged on Kensington High Street in London, England, United Kingdom intent on taking over empty properties for desperately needed accommodation. In a typically British response the Women's Voluntary Service provided hot drinks to the demonstrators while even the police supplied tea and coffee from Kensington Barracks. The Press were sympathetic too as were much of the public, some of whom actively assisted the squatters by passing food and drink through windows. The police picked up and distributed food parcels and blankets, money, food, chocolate and cigarettes were collected for the families. Student from London University marched throughout the streets in support. After Prime Minister Clement Attlee refused to meet with a delegation a frightened government threaten to employ force to evict the squatters, but the protest eventually ended when it was announced that squatters could lose their rights to a place on the Council Housing queue if they persisted in occupation. 
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