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History on the 1st of October

History
Date Text
01 Oct 1912 WW2 Howard Whalen was born. 
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01 Oct 1914 WW1 Begin of First Battle of Arras
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01 Oct 1917 WW2 Henry Arnold was made the executive officer of the Air Division of the US Army Signal Corps. 
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01 Oct 1918 WW2 Australian horsemen of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade entered Damascus in the Ottoman Empire, capturing 12,000 prisoners and scores of guns and machine guns. 
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01 Oct 1919 WW2 Evelyn Sharp was born in Melstone, Montana, United States. 
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01 Oct 1919 WW2 Pierre Barjot was promoted to the rank of second ensign while serving at Toulon, France. 
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01 Oct 1920 WW2 Vice Admiral Naoe Nakano succeeded Vice Admiral Tatsuo Matsumura as the commanding officer of the Ryojun Military Port (previously known as Port Arthur; now Lushunkou, Liaoning Province, China), Kwantung Leased Territory in northeastern China. 
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01 Oct 1921 WW2 Georg von Bismarck was transferred to the German 3rd Cavalry Regiment. 
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01 Oct 1922 WW2 Pierre Barjot was promoted to the rank of ensign. 
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01 Oct 1923 WW2 Southern Rhodesia became a self-governing colony with Charles Coghlan as the first elected premier. 
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01 Oct 1923 WW2 Settsu was removed from the Japanese Navy List and was reclassified as a special service vessel attached to the Kure Naval District. 
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01 Oct 1925 WW2 Werner Mölders joined the Catholic youth organisation Bund Neudeutschland. 
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01 Oct 1925 WW2 Joseph Rochefort reported to the Chief of Naval Operations office in Washington DC, United States for his new assignment in the cryptanalysis section. 
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01 Oct 1926 WW2 Hugo Sperrle was promoted to the rank of Major. 
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01 Oct 1926 WW2 The General Government Building in Keijo (now Seoul), Korea was officially inaugurated. 
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01 Oct 1929 WW2 Erwin Rommel became an instructor at the Infantry School in Dresden, Germany. 
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01 Oct 1929 WW2 Werner von Blomberg was promoted to the rank of Generalleutnant. 
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01 Oct 1931 WW2 Wilhelm Keitel was promoted to the rank of Oberst. 
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01 Oct 1931 WW2 Walther von Brauchitsch was promoted to the rank of Generalmajor. 
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01 Oct 1931 WW2 Marcel-Bruno Gensoul was made the chief of the 3rd Maritime Region, based at Toulon, France. 
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01 Oct 1932 WW2 The keel of the future pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee was laid down. 
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01 Oct 1932 WW2 Nikolaus von Falkenhorst was promoted to the rank of Oberst. 
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01 Oct 1932 WW2 Wolfgang Falck returned to the German Army from his secret fight pilot training in Russia. His comrades in his regiment were not told of the details of his training. 
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01 Oct 1932 WW2 Wernher von Braun, a precocious young Prussian student, was appointed to the German Army Ordnance Department's ballistics section under Captain Walter R. Dornberger, an artillery specialist. 
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01 Oct 1932 WW2 Oswald Mosley founded the British Union of Fascists. 
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01 Oct 1933 WW2 Erwin Rommel was made the commander of the 3rd Battalion of the 17th Infantry Regiment at Goslar, Germany. 
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01 Oct 1933 WW2 Walther von Brauchitsch was promoted to the rank of Generalleutnant. 
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01 Oct 1933 WW2 SS official Theodor Eicke expanded the punishment directives at Dachau Concentration Camp in Germany; these directives were later applied to all camps until the end of the European War. 
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01 Oct 1933 WW2 Prince Hiroyasu was made the chief of the Japanese Naval General Staff. 
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01 Oct 1934 WW2 Georg von Bismarck became the commanding officer of a motorized reconnissance unit. 
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01 Oct 1934 WW2 Adolf Galland was commissioned Leutnant, and was posted to Fighter Instructor JFS (fighter pilots school), Schleissheim, Germany. 
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01 Oct 1934 WW2 Wolfgang Falck was promoted to the rank of Leutnant and was retired from the German Army for transfer to the secret German air force. 
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01 Oct 1934 WW2 Walter Dornberger was given command of a powder rocket training battery at Königsbrück, Germany. 
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01 Oct 1934 WW2 Benjamin Kelsey was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. 
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01 Oct 1935 WW2 As a reaction to criticism from the German justice department on the increasing number of "unnatural deaths" in concentration camps, the Gestapo released behavior guidelines for the guards during this month. 
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01 Oct 1935 WW2 Fregattenkapitän Otto Backenköhler took command of cruiser Köln. 
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01 Oct 1935 WW2 Hugo Sperrle was promoted to the rank of Generalmajor. 
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01 Oct 1935 WW2 The keel of submarine Pollack was laid down. 
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01 Oct 1936 WW2 At Burgos, Spain, Francisco Franco was publicly proclaimed as the Head of State and the Generalísimo of the military. 
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01 Oct 1936 WW2 The Spanish Republican Government approved the statute giving autonomy to the Basque Provinces. 
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01 Oct 1936 WW2 The US 1st Marine Brigade began a three-month amphibious and field landing exercise in and near Potomac, Maryland, United States. 
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01 Oct 1936 WW2 Maximilian von Weichs was promoted to the rank of General der Kavallerie. 
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01 Oct 1937 WW2 Kapitän zur See Theodor Burchardi took command of cruiser Köln. 
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01 Oct 1937 WW2 Erwin Rommel was promoted to the rank of Oberst. 
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01 Oct 1937 WW2 Largo Caballero was removed from the leadership of the UGT (Union General de Trabajadores, or "Socialist Trades Union") in Spain. 
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01 Oct 1937 WW2 Maximilian von Weichs was made the commanding officer of German 13th Corps. 
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01 Oct 1938 WW2 Erwin Rommel became the commander of Hitler's headquarters during his tour of Sudetenland, recently annexed from Czechoslovakia. 
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01 Oct 1938 WW2 Do 18 flying boat "Pampero" was lost in the Atlantic Ocean; the entire crew of 5 was missing and was never found. 
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01 Oct 1938 WW2 The 16th Squadron of the Chinese 6th Bomber Air Group was converted to become a fighter squadron, flying Hawk 75 fighters. It was to be based out of Zhiqiang, Hunan, China. 
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01 Oct 1938 WW2 Following the German annexation of Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, efforts began to arrest Sudetenland residents who opposed the Nazi government. 
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01 Oct 1939 WW2 Japanese 6th Division began to fall back from Changsha, Hunan Province, China across the Laodao River. 
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01 Oct 1939 WW2 The German euthanasia program began on the ill and feeble. 
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01 Oct 1939 WW2 Georg von Bismarck was awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class. 
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01 Oct 1939 WW2 Adolf Galland was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class medal and was promoted to the rank of Hauptmann. 
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01 Oct 1939 WW2 Galeazzo Ciano met with Adolf Hitler in Berlin, Germany. 
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01 Oct 1939 WW2 British men between the ages of 20-22 became eligible for conscription. 
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01 Oct 1939 WW2 Rawalpindi was commissioned into British Royal Navy service. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 Italian submarine Maggiore Baracca sank Greek ship Aghios Nicolaos 400 miles west of Porto, Portugal. German submarine U-38 sank British ship Highland Patriot 300 miles west of Ireland at 0647 hours; 3 crew were killed, 136 crew and 33 passengers were rescued by sloop HMS Wellington. German submarine U-32 sank Dutch ship Haulerwijk 400 miles west of Ireland; 4 were killed and 27 survived. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 British troops reinforced the garrison on Malta. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 US Navy and US Marine Corps began the Special Landing Operation No. 2 in the Caribbean Sea. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 Luftwaffe ace Erich Hartmann began basic training with Friegerausbildungsregiment 10 at Neukuhren, near Königsberg in East Prussia, Germany. Hartmann would achieve 352 "kills" during the war before being sentenced, as a war criminal, to 50 years forced labour by the Soviets. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 Hermann Göring officially awarded Wolfgang Falck the Knight Cross medal, but it would be not be presented to Falck until 7 Oct 1940. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 George Brett was promoted to the rank of major general. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 Hubert Lanz was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross for gallantry during the invasion of France. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 Small raids of 20 to 70 aircraft each attacked RAF airfields in England, United Kingdom; London was not targeted during the day. The Germans lost 4 fighters and the British lost 5 fighters with 4 pilots killed. London was bombed overnight. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 Belgium Congo uranium began to arrived at Staten Island, New York, United States for safekeeping; a total of 1,140 tons of uranium would arrive throughout this month. 
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01 Oct 1940 WW2 Clarence Tinker was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 The British House of Commons voted for the third £1,000,000,000 war credit of year. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 German government reports published this month noted that 2,139,553 foreign workers were employed, about half of which, 1,007,561, were Polish. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 The protocol produced at the end of the US-UK-USSR aid conference determined immediate and long-term deliveries to the Soviet Union, with the agreement subject to annual review. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 The Italian "M" battalions were established. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 King George VI of the United Kingdom granted the name Royal New Zealand Navy to the New Zealand ships fighting within the British Royal Navy. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 The British RAF reported internally on Hugh Dowding's (forced) retirement. When Prime Minister Winston Churchill learned of it, he was extremely displeased, and demanded the RAF to find a new position for Dowding. Dowding had originally conceded to political pressure and was preparing his retirement, but ultimately yielded to Churchill's wish and accepted whatever new position the RAF would give him. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 Finnish troops reached Petrozavodsk, the capital of Soviet Republic of Karelia, further cutting off Leningrad in northern Russia. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 HMS Edinburgh departed Malta. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 Wilhelm Keitel ordered that, in regards to the hostages the German military had been holding and executing in retaliation of partisan attacks, choice of victims would be important, as well-known victims would have greater effect in keeping the occupied peoples in line. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 ShCh-320 fired a torpedo at a merchant ship north of Danzig Bay; the torpedo missed. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 Operations began at Majdanek Concentration Camp near Lublin, Poland. 
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01 Oct 1941 WW2 The Soviet NKVD ordered the release of 51,257 Polish prisoners of war for the formation of a Polish unit under General Wladislaw Anders to fight against Germany. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 The British Royal Corp of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers was established. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 Waller was commissioned into service. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 USS Scorpion was commissioned into service, Lieutenant Commander William Wylie in command. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 Egmont Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld was named the commanding officer of the 1st Group of the Nachtjagdgeschwader 3 wing. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 ShCh-320 departed on her final war patrol and never returned, possibly having struck a naval mine in the Gulf of Finland. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 Tenryu disembarked her cargo of 56 Type 3 Model 1 naval mines at Rabaul, New Britain. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Sewage and drainage system usably complete 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 Captain Banjiro Takagi was named the commanding officer of Naka while the ship was at Maizuru, Japan. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 Captain Mitsuru Nagai was named the commanding officer of Settsu. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille was buried at the Heroes Cemetery in Derna, Libya. Albert Kesselring and Eduard Neumann each delivered an eulogy. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 USS Wahoo arrived in waters off Ulul Island, Namonuito Atoll, Caroline Islands. 
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01 Oct 1942 WW2 The United States Marine Corps disbanded the Amphibious Training Staff, Fleet Marine Force in San Diego, California, United States; its personnel were reassigned to the headquarters of the Amphibious Corps, Pacific Fleet. On the same day, Major General Holland Smith relieved Major General Clayton Vogel as the commanding officer of the Amphibious Corps, Pacific Fleet with the title of Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, San Diego area. Vogel was transferred to the newly established I Marine Amphibious Corps as its commanding officer. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 American submarine USS Halibut tested a torpedo equipped with newly designed contact exploder. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 The US Navy Pacific Fleet deployed its first submarine wolfpack. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 U-52 was decommissioned from service. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 USS Pompon attacked a Japanese transport in the South China Sea; all 4 torpedoes missed. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 220 Danish Jews were arrested by the Gestapo. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 Troops of German 1st Mountain Division massacred 87 people in the village of Lingiades, Greece in reliation of the assassination of Oberstleutnant Josef Salminger by Greek partisan fighters. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 A Chinese heavy mortar regiment arrived at Ramgarh Training Center in India for training. Additionally, Chinese 1st Provisional Tank Group was formed at Ramgarh under the command of US Army Colonel Rothwell Brown; it consisted of 1,800 Chinese officers and men and 231 US officers and men, operating between 100 to 125 US-built M3A3 Stuart light tanks. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 Allied troops reached Naples, Italy at 0930 hours, which had already been taken over by Italian resistance fighters. The arriving troops found the port facilities were destroyed by the Germans. 
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01 Oct 1943 WW2 In the Kara Sea off northern Russia, German submarine U-703 sank freighter Sergei Kirov of Soviet convoy VA-18 and U-960 sank escort vessel T-42. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 U-530 was assigned to the 33. Unterseebootflottille (33th Submarine Flotilla). 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Cruiser Köln conducted convoy operation between Norway and Denmark over the following two months. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Trepang attacked a Japanese convoy, sinking freighter Takunan Maru. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Finnish troops attacked German troops in Tornio, Finland. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Cabrilla attacked a Japanese convoy in the South China Sea, sinking two transports with 4 of 10 torpedoes fired. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Joseph Stilwell's diary entry for this date noted that he felt he was about to be ousted by Franklin Roosevelt. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Oberstleutnant Wilhelm Antrup stepped down as the commanding officer of the German Kampfgeschwader 55 wing. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 The US coastal minesweeper YMS-385 was mined and sunk in the Zowariau Channel, Ulithi, Caroline Islands. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Alabama arrived at Ulithi, Caroline Islands. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Emperor Showa's personal representative arrived in Lushun, puppet nation of Manchukuo (Liaoning Province, China) to perform a blessing ceremony for the newly opened grand Shinto shrine. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 The Slovakian resistance fighters named themselves the Czechoslovakian 1st Army in Slovakia. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 The German garrison at Calais, France capitulated. The 3rd Canadian Division had suffered just 300 casualties in the siege of the town but had captured 7,500 Germans bringing their toll of prisoners taken in clearing the Channel ports to almost 30,000. Wreckage to the dock facilities were however extensive and the port would not be available for shipping until Nov 1944. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Karl von Le Suire was awarded the Kuban Shield medal. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 After a 4-day fight, the US 5th Army captured Monte Battaglia, Italy, a part of the Gothic Line defenses. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Most of the crew of Shinano boarded the carrier at Yokosuka, Japan by this date. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 The German-occupied island of Jersey was declared a Fortress. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Unbeknownst to the Germans, a Hungarian delegation arrived in Moscow, Russia to discuss an armistice with the Soviet Union. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Submarine Capitaine was launched at Groton, Connecticut, United States, sponsored by Mrs. J. A. Rondomanski. 
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01 Oct 1944 WW2 Red Army units crossed the Danube River into Yugoslavia. 
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01 Oct 1945 WW2 The airline company TWA became the first commercial organization to operate a Constellation aircraft. 
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01 Oct 1945 WW2 Western Allies recognized Karl Renner's socialist government in Austria. 
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01 Oct 1945 WW2 Joseph Rochefort was officially detached from the US Navy Office of Naval Operations in Washington DC, United States. 
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01 Oct 1945 WW2 Pope Pius XII met with Thomas Dodd between 1050 hours and 1130 hours; part of that time was spent discussion the trials of German leaders. 
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01 Oct 1946 WW2 At the end of the major war crimes trial in Nürnberg, Germany, 12 were given death sentences, 4 were given prison sentences, and 3 were acquitted. 
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01 Oct 1946 WW2 USS Boarfish departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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01 Oct 1947 WW2 XP-86 prototype jet fighter flew for the first time at Muroc Field, California, United States with George Welch in the cockpit. 
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01 Oct 1949 WW2 Chinese communists declared victory in the Chinese civil war, renaming Beiping ("Northern Peace") to Beijing ("Northern Capital") to serve as their capital city; the Republic of China government withdrew to the island of Taiwan, where it still remains. 
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