22 Oct 1844
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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The "Great Disappointment" began when this latest date, set for the return of Christ by religious leader William Miller, passed without event. Over 100,000 disillusioned followers returned to their former churches, or abandoned the Christian faith altogether.
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22 Oct 1899
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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American Presbyterian missionary James B. Rodgers, 34, baptized his first Filipino converts to the Christian faith, thus inaugurating the beginning of Philippine Protestant churches.
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22 Oct 1913
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history
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WW2
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Prince Nguyen Phuc Vinh Thuy was born in the Palace of Doan-Trang-Vien within the Imperial City in Hue, Annam, French Indochina.
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22 Oct 1914
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history
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WW2
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British troops near Ypres, Belgium fell back 2.5 miles to a newly prepared defensive line, but the British 12th Brigade was able to hold ground against a German attack at Le Gheer, Belgium 5 miles to the south. The village of Langemarck was completely destroyed in the fighting on this day.
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22 Oct 1924
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history
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WW2
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Peng Chin was born.
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22 Oct 1936
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history
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WW2
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Ding Delong was promoted to the rank of major general.
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22 Oct 1937
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history
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WW2
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Deng Xihou arrived in Xi'an, China.
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22 Oct 1938
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history
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WW2
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Czechoslovakia offered Hungary a piece of territory in Subcarpathian Rus to Hungary, but Hungary rejected the offer, demanding more territory.
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22 Oct 1938
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history
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WW2
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Japanese troops reached the southern borders of Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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22 Oct 1939
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history
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WW2
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American freighters Endicott and West Gambo were detained by France; portions of their cargo were deemed contraband and confiscated.
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22 Oct 1939
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history
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WW2
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Gallup revealed the results of an American public opinion poll, revealing that while 95% of the US population was against participating in the war, 62% agreed that the US should aid the Allies in other ways, largely by means of supplying weapons, steel, and the likes.
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22 Oct 1939
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history
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WW2
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Joseph Goebbels publicly accused Winston Churchill of ordering the passenger liner Athenia attacked so that he could blame Germany and persuade the United States to join the Allies.
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22 Oct 1939
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history
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WW2
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Western Byelorussia, Western Ukraine, and the Soviet-occupied areas of Poland held elections.
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22 Oct 1939
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history
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WW2
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Polish currency was replaced with Soviet rubles, Polish Industries moved into Russia, and the Soviet Union began phasing out Polish education, language, and religion.
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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British Ambassador to Moscow attempted to distance the Soviet Union away from Germany.
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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Aktion Burckel: 29,000 Jews in Alsace-Lorraine, Saarland, and Baden were deported to Southern France.
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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Canadian destroyer HMCS Margaree of Allied convoy OL-8 collided with the freighter Port Fairy in poor visibility 400 miles west of Ireland; 142 were killed as she sank. 34 survived the ordeal.
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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British minesweeping trawlers HMT Joseph Button hit a mine and sank 6 miles off Aldeburgh, Suffolk, England, United Kingdom, killing 5; HMT Hickory also hit a mine and sank in the English Channel South of Weymouth, England, killing 24.
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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Werner Mölders claimed his 50th victory.
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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Benito Mussolini set the date of the invasion of Greece to 28 Oct 1940. He had decided to attack Greece without informing Germany, as Germany had a history of starting wars without sharing advance information with Italy.
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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Heitaro Kimura was named the chief of staff of Kenkichi Ueda (Japanese Kwantung Army in northeastern China).
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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Joseph Stalin accepted Joachim von Ribbentrop's invitation for Vyacheslav Molotov to visit Berlin, Germany.
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22 Oct 1940
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history
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WW2
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As the heavy fog dissipated in the afternoon, two German fighter sweeps attacked southern England, United Kingdom; 3 German fighters and 6 British fighters were shot down. Overnight, London, Liverpool, and Coventry were bombed; Coventry suffered 150 fires.
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22 Oct 1941
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history
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WW2
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An explosion at the Romanian Command Headquarters in Odessa, Ukraine killed 67, including Romanian General Glogojeanu and four German Navy officers. The explosion was caused by a time-delayed bomb left by Soviet Coastal Army personnel during the evacuation. Antonescu ordered 100 Jews and Communists would die for each enlisted man and 300 for each officer killed in this explosion.
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22 Oct 1941
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history
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WW2
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The assassination of Colonel Karl Hotz in Nantes, France two days prior brought reprisal deaths of 48 French civilians (mostly communist resistance fighters) with the promise of 50 more deaths if the assassin was not caught. The shooting of a German major in Bordeaux, France brought 100 arrests and 50 immediate executions.
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22 Oct 1941
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history
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WW2
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Georgy Zhukov took command of Soviet central sector.
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22 Oct 1941
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history
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WW2
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German Panzergruppe 2, resupplied with fuel and ammunition, continued the northeastward advance on Moscow, Russia. German 4th Panzer Division resumed the attack on Mtsensk, Russia.
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22 Oct 1941
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history
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WW2
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German submarine U-68 sank British oiler RFA Darkdale off St. Helena in the South Atlantic at 0142 hours, destroying 3,000 tons of fuel oil, 850 tons of aviation fuel, and 500 tons of diesel oil; 41 were killed, 4 survived including the captain. Darkdale was the first British ship to be sunk south of the Equator in WW2.
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22 Oct 1941
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history
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WW2
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Marshal Philippe Pétain and Admiral François Darlan broadcast an appeal to the French nation calling restraint from any actions against the occupying German troops which could bring down reprisals on hostages.
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22 Oct 1941
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history
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WW2
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Prince Takahito married Yuriko Takagi.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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The conscription age in Britain was lowered to age 18 by Royal Proclamation.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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USS S-31 patrolled the waters off Paramushiro Island, Kurile Islands.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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Australian troops from Milne Bay, New Guinea made a night landing at Mud Bay on Goodenough Island. The Japanese garrison would pull out on 26 Oct 1942.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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The USAAF conducted a photo reconnaissance mission over Rabaul, New Britain, revealing a concentration of about 70 ships.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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The seven British and Canadian commandos transferred to Oflag IV-C prisoners of war camp at Colditz Castle in Germany earlier in the month were transferred out to Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp near Berlin, Germany, where they would soon face execution.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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US Navy Pacific Fleet's chief communications officer John Redman ordered radio intelligence officer Joseph Rochefort to travel to Washington DC, United States for a temporary assignment. Rochefort would quickly note that it was likely to be the first step in his removal from his current command at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Yokosuka, Japan for her 7th voyage with the Japanese Navy.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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Nachi departed Ominato Guard District, Mutsu, Aomori Prefecture, Japan.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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USS Grayback sank a Japanese transport off New Ireland, hitting her with 2 of 4 torpedoes.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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The Davao Penal Colony on Mindanao, Philippine Islands took in its first group of American and Filipino prisoners, numbered at about 1,000.
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22 Oct 1942
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history
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WW2
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Most of the Red October and Barricade factories in northern Stalingrad, Russia were taken by German troops.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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USS Cod arrived departed Brisbane, Australia on her first war patrol.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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During an RAF raid on Kassel, Germany, the RAF began Operation Corona to jam German night-fighter communications.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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HMS Orfasy was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U-68 off Freetown, Sierra Leone, British West Africa.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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Louis Mountbatten met with William Slim for the first time at Barrackpore in eastern India.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Saigon, Indochina.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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Over Kassel, Germany, the Lancaster bomber aboard which Roberts Dunstan was a crew member was damaged by two incendiary bombs dropped by a friendly Lancaster bomber flying higher above; although the bomber was further damaged by German nightfighters, it was able to return to Britain, crash landing at Bisham, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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U-537 arrived in Martin Bay, Labrador, Newfoundland and began establishing Weather Station Kurt under the direction of meteorologist Kurt Sommermeyer. Meanwhile, crew members of the submarine repaired damage caused by a storm days earlier.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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USS Grayback sank converted light cruiser Awata Maru in the East China Sea, hitting her with 4 of 6 torpedoes.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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Block 11 of Auschwitz I concentration camp held a trial that sentenced 76 men and 19 women to death; they had been transferred from the prison in Myslowitz. The trial was presided by the new head of the Kattowitz Gestapo, SS-Obersturbanfuehrer Johannes Thümmler, who was never punished after the war and passed away in old age in May 2002.
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22 Oct 1943
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history
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WW2
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British Brigadier R. E. Laycock, DSO was appointed Chief of Combined Operations in succession to Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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Yamato received Mitsubishi F1M2 aircraft from Nagato, then set sail for Operation SHO-I-GO.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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USS Franklin launched strikes in the Manila Bay area at Luzon, Philippine Islands.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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Japanese fleets set sail for the Philippine Islands in search of a decisive confrontation with the US Navy.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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US 83rd Infantry Division became part of the VIII Corps of the First Army of US 12th Army Group.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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USS Hoe arrved at Fremantle, Australia, ending her sixth war patrol.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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The prototype Lockheed XP-58 aircraft, a two-seat bomber version of the P-38 Lightning fighter, was delivered to Wright Field for US Army Air Force acceptance tests, but maintenance proved such a liability that no further development was undertaken and construction of a second prototype was abandoned.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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In an one-on-one conversation between Adolf Hitler and Otto Skorzeny, Skorzeny narrated the kidnapping of Miklós Horthy, Jr. and the attack on Castle Hill in Budapest, Hungary on 15 Oct 1944. Later in the same conversation, Hitler revealed to Skorzeny the plans for the Ardennes Offensive and asked him to plan a commando operation behind enemy lines in captured uniforms. When questioned the legal concerns of wearing enemy uniforms, Hitler told him that German intelligence informed him that the Americans had done the same in the Aachen, Germany area. Hitler ordered Skorzeny to have complete the planning by 2 Dec 1944.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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USS Baya arrived at Fremantle, Australia, ending her first war patrol.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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USS Sennet completed her training exercises off Connecticut and Rhode Island, United States.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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USS Permit fired 2 torpdoes at a Japanese patrol craft at Truk, Caroline Islands; both torpedoes missed.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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The German 485 Mobile Artillery Detachment, responsible for launching V-2 rockets, arrived at the Hague, the Netherlands. It immediately began to set up their equipment for a renewed rocket campaign against London, England, United Kingdom.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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The Canadian II Corps launched an attack on Fort Frederick Hendriks, close to the mouth of the Scheldt, opposite Vlissingen (Flushing), The Netherlands. The Fort fell after three days heavy fighting.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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USS Wasp set sail for Ulithi, Caroline Islands.
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22 Oct 1944
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history
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WW2
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Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Manila, Philippine Islands.
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22 Oct 1946
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history
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WW2
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Commander Glover Freguson was named the commanding officer of USS Saint Paul.
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22 Oct 1952
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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The complete Jewish Torah was published in English for the first time. A collection of oral and written commentary (dating 200 BC to AD 500) on the first five books of the Old Testament, the Torah comprises the basic religious code of Judaism.
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22 Oct 1966
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth declared in a letter: 'God makes no mistakes.'
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