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History on the 25th of October

History
Date Text
25 Oct 1147 RELIGIOUS The armies of the Second Crusade (1147-49) were destroyed by the Saracens at Dorylaeum (in modern Turkey). The Crusaders went on with fruitless campaigns against Damascus, Syria.
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25 Oct 1564 RELIGIOUS Birth of Hans Leo Hassler, sacred composer. The first notable German musician educated in Italy, Hassler left a rich musical legacy, including the hymn tune PASSION CHORALE, to which the Church now sings, "O Sacred Head, Now Wounded."
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25 Oct 1800 RELIGIOUS Birth of Jacque Paul Migne, French theological publisher. Establishing his own press in 1836, Migne published a voluminous collection of writings by the ancient Greek and Latin fathers (161 vols: "Patrologia Graecae"; 221 vols: "Patrologia Latinae") during his remaining 39 years.
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25 Oct 1910 WW2 Dwight Eisenhower wrote to Senator Joseph Bristow thanking him for the appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, United States. 
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25 Oct 1913 WW2 Robert Greim was promoted to the rank of Leutnant. 
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25 Oct 1914 WW2 German troops captured Dixmude, Belgium. 
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25 Oct 1921 WW2 Mihai I was born. 
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25 Oct 1921 RELIGIOUS Franklin Small, 48, and a group of dissatisfied members of the Pentecostal Assemblies of Canada, obtained a Dominion charter to establish the Apostolic Church of Pentecost of Canada. In 1953, this group merged with the Evangelical Churches of Pentecost, whose major congregations are located today in the Canadian prairie provinces.
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25 Oct 1922 WW2 S-34 was decommissioned from service. 
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25 Oct 1922 WW2 USS S-35 was decommissioned from service at Groton, Connecticut, United States for engine enhancement work by the Electric Boat Company. 
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25 Oct 1936 WW2 The Rome-Berlin Axis treaty was signed. 
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25 Oct 1936 WW2 A large part of Spain’s gold reserves (which remained in Republican controlled Spain after the rising) was transferred to Russia to pay for Soviet aid. 
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25 Oct 1937 WW2 President Mustafa Kemal Atatürk of Turkey, looking for more liberal economic policies, appointed Cemal Bayar as Prime Minister. 
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25 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Sanshui (also "Samshui" in Cantonese), Guangdong Province, China. 
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25 Oct 1939 WW2 French cruiser Dupleix, destroyer Le Fantasque, and destroyer Le Terrible attacked and captured German freighter Santa Fé west of French West Africa. 
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25 Oct 1939 WW2 HMS Hermes departed Dakar, French West Africa as a part of Force X patrolling Atlantic waters for German raiders. 
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25 Oct 1939 WW2 Mitsubishi delivered the second Zero fighter prototype to the Japanese Navy for testing. 
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25 Oct 1940 WW2 US Navy began to mobilize its aviation arm. 
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25 Oct 1940 WW2 British minesweeping trawler HMT Lord Inchcape hit a mine and sank off Plymouth, England, United Kingdom. 
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25 Oct 1940 WW2 Three RAF Hudson bombers attacked German submarine U-46 in the Atlantic Ocean, wounding Matrosengefreiter Plaep, who would die from his injuries on the next day. 
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25 Oct 1940 WW2 British gunboat HMS Aphis bombarded Italian troops 15 miles east of Sidi Barrani, Egypt. 
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25 Oct 1940 WW2 British bombers attacked Hamburg and Berlin in Germany, causing heavy casualties. 
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25 Oct 1940 WW2 The Italian Navy formed the Forza Navale Speciale (FNS) under Vice Admiral Vittorio Tur. 
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25 Oct 1940 WW2 16 Italian BR20M bombers attacked Felixstowe and Harwich in Britain; 1 crashed on take off and 2 crashed on the return flight. Meanwhile, four groups of German Bf 109 fighters swept southern England, United Kingdom, shooting down 10 British fighters while losing 14 of their own. At dusk, German He 111 bombers attacked Montrose airfield in Scotland. Overnight, London, Birmingham, Pembroke, Cardiff, and Liverpool were bombed. 
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25 Oct 1941 WW2 A Canadian brigade under the command of Brigadier John Lawson MC sailed from Vancouver, Canada to reinforce the garrison on Hong Kong. 
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25 Oct 1941 WW2 As German victories had now rendered Nikolai Voznesensky's first war production plan redundant, a new economic plan was published for what was left of Soviet territory in the centre and east of the country. 
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25 Oct 1941 WW2 The US State Department issued a bulletin denouncing German practice of rounding up and executing civilians in retaliation of partisan attacks. 
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25 Oct 1941 WW2 Italian submarine Galileo Ferraris attacked Allied convoy HG-75 500 miles west of Gibraltar and was discovered by a British Catalina aircraft; Galileo Ferraris' crew scuttled the submarine after being attacked by the aircraft and destroyer HMS Lamerton, but the Italians were able to hit Lamerton with the deck gun before the engagement was over; 6 Italians were killed in the engagement, 44 survived. Later in the same day, German submarine U-563 attacked HG-75, but she was driven away by British corvette HMS Heliotrope. 
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25 Oct 1941 WW2 Romanian troops set a warehouse, full of Ukrainian civilians, mostly Jews, on fire at Dalnik, Ukraine. 
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25 Oct 1941 WW2 The Jager Report (issued on 1 Dec 1941) noted that 1,776 adult female and 812 children, all Jews, were killed in Vilnius, Lithuania for a total of 2,578 people. 
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25 Oct 1941 RELIGIOUS The first Youth For Christ rally was held at Bryant's Alliance Tabernacle in New York City. An international evangelical youth organization, YFC has no single founder, but rather emerged out of weekly rallies held for the youth of New York City during the 1930s.
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 British XXX Corps moved north, with Australian 26th Brigade at the spearhead, attacked Point 29 southwest of Tel el Eisa, Egypt. This was meant to draw Axis reserves to the area. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 USS S-31 patrolled the Onekotan Strait between Paramushiro and Onekotan in the Kurile Islands. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 American SBD aircraft seriously damaged Japanese light cruiser Yura. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 American troop transport President Coolidge hit mines and sank near Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides; all troops aboard survived the sinking, but large amounts of equipment and supplies were lost. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 Before dawn, the Japanese launched an offensive on the southern flank of the American defensive line at Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, aiming to capture Henderson Field; US Marines repeatedly drove back the waves of attacks. After nightfall, Japanese destroyers attacked American shipping in the Sealark Channel between the Florida Islands and Taivu Point of Guadalcanal. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 Soviet troops launched the Nalckik-Ordzhonikidze Defensive Operation in the Caucasus region of southern Russia. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 USS Finback attacked a Japanese transport with three torpedoes east of Taiwan; all torpedoes missed. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 Tenryu departed Rabaul, New Britain. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 With discipline declined, equipment abandoned and diarrhea and dysentery reaching epidemic proportions, the 2nd Battalion of US 126th Infantry Regiment arrived at Jaure, Australian Papua along the Kapa Kapa Trail in the Owen Stanley mountain range. The march had been so arduous that some men had wandered into the jungle never to be seen again. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 1st Lieutenant Lyman Middleditch, Jr. of USAAF 57th Fighter Group, flying a P-40F fighter, shot down one German Bf 109 fighter during an attack on the German fighter base Landing Ground 20 in Egypt. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 Joseph Rochefort departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 Satoru Anabuki, flying Ki-43 fighter "Fubuki", shot down a P-40 fighter over an area of India now Bangladesh, his fourth victory. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 Erwin Rommel visited Rome, Italy to press for more supplies for the war in North Africa. He arrived in Egypt to assume command of all Axis units in North Africa by the evening. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 USS Whale arrived in waters south of the Kii Channel between the islands of Shikoku and Honshu, Japan and began to lay mines. 
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25 Oct 1942 WW2 Friedrich Paulus reported to Adolf Hitler that Stalingrad, Russia would be taken by 10 Nov 1942. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 Submarine Kete was laid down. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 USS Scorpion began a reconnaissance mission of Agrihan and Pagan islands in the Mariana Islands. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 Wang Zhi departed Perth, Australia for Chongqing, China via Ceylon. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 61 B-24 bombers, escorted by 81 P-38 fighters from Kiriwina of Trobriand Islands, attacked Lakunai Airfield at Rabaul, New Britain. The Americans suffered 1 B-24 bomber lost and several damaged. The Japanese suffered 20 aircraft lost or heavily damaged, 18 aircraft slightly damaged, the airstrip of Lakunai temporarily out of commission, and 8 ships damaged in the harbor. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 Typhoon fighter-bombers of No. 181 Squadron RAF used rockets for the first time during an attack on a power station at Caen, France. Although the target was hit, three of the Typhoon aircraft were shot down by anti-aircraft weapons, including that of the squadron commander Squadron Leader Frank Jensen. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 Nachi departed Paramushiro (Paramushir), Kurile Islands. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 The personnel of US Marine Corps squadron VMF-214 was moved to Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands. They would soon prepare to be transferred to Turtle Bay fighter strip on Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Sanya, Hainan, China and arrived at Takao, Taiwan; she would depart again later on the same day. 
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25 Oct 1943 WW2 Liberty Ship Sidney Lanier departed Port Chicago, California, United States at 1320 hours. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 During the first major special attack conducted by the Japanese Navy, pilot Yukio Seki sank carrier USS St. Lo while another suicide pilot damaged carrier USS Santee. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 Heinrich Himmler issued orders on combating youth gangs such as Edelweiss Pirates, which had been known to harbor deserters, escaped prisoners of war, and escaped concentration camp prisoners. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 Soviet troops captured the German base at Kirkenes, Norway. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Cassin Young screened carriers while their aircraft engaged in the Battle off Cape Engaño. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Cod attacked a large Japanese convoy with all of her remaining torpedoes; all torpedoes missed. She shadowed the convoy for another day to report its movements before returning to her home port. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 Ernest Evans passed away. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Tang attacked a Japanese transport, but the torpedo fired circled back and hit Tang, sinking her. Only 9 of the crew of 83 survived the sinking. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 34 American B-24 Liberator bombers that were originally destined for the synthetic oil plans at Gelsenkirchen, Germany were diverted to Münster instead, causing much destruction. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 The Fletcher-class destroyer USS Hoel was sunk by the Japanese cruiser Kongo off Samar, Philippine Islands. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Pintado chased Japanese light cruiser Tama in assistance of USS Jallao off the Philippine Islands. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Cabrilla arrived at Fremantle, Australia, ending her sixth war patrol. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 Destroyer Yukikaze assisted in the sinking of USS Johnston during the Battle off Samar off the Philippine Islands. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 Edward Brooks took command of the US VI Corps. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 British V Corps crossed the Ronco River in Italy. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho departed Sasebo, Japan. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Sterlet attacked a Japanese convoy with two salvos of torpedoes southwest of Kagoshima, Japan. All four torpedoes of the first salvo missed. Four of the six torpedoes of the second salvo made contact, three hitting (and sinking) oil tanker Jinei Maru and one hitting a freighter. She remained under water for several hours due to counterattacks by the convoy escorts. Surfacing later, she spotted a Japanese hospital ship and allowed it to continue her journey. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Ticonderoga arrived at Eniwetok, Marshall Islands. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 Nachi arrived at Coron, Palawan, Philippine Islands. 
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25 Oct 1944 WW2 USS Astoria departed San Francisco, California, United States. 
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25 Oct 1945 WW2 USS Marlin departed Bridgeport, Connecticut, United States. 
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