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History on the 12th of November

History
Date Text
12 Nov 1556 RELIGIOUS Dutch Anabaptist reformer Menno Simons wrote in a letter: 'I can neither teach nor live by the faith of others. I must live by my own faith as the Spirit of the Lord has taught me through His Word.'
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12 Nov 1701 RELIGIOUS The Carolina Assembly passed a Vestry Act making the Church of England the official religion of the Carolina Colony. (Strong opposition by Quakers and other resident Nonconformists forced the colony's proprietors to revoke their legislation two years later.)
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12 Nov 1818 RELIGIOUS Birth of Henri F. Hemy, English church organist. Of his several original compositions, best known is the tune ST. CATHERINE, to which we commonly sing the hymn, "Faith of Our Fathers."
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12 Nov 1899 RELIGIOUS American evangelist Dwight Lyman Moody, 62, began his last evangelistic campaign in Kansas City, Missouri. Becoming ill during the last service, Moody was unable to complete his message, and died a few days later, on Dec 22.
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12 Nov 1910 WW2 Future RAF Air Vice Marshal John Barker (who as an Acting Group Captain would accept the Japanese surrender of Kowloon, Hong Kong in 1945) was born in Hull, England, United Kingdom. 
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12 Nov 1911 WW2 The crew of Haichen switched sides at Wuhan, Hubei Province, China during the revolutionary war, declaring support for the revolutionary forces. 
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12 Nov 1913 WW2 Hans-Günther Kuhlmann was born. 
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12 Nov 1914 WW2 German troops attacked Ypres, Belgium. 
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12 Nov 1919 WW2 Kichisaburo Nomura completed his duties as a member of the Japanese delegation to Versailles, France. 
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12 Nov 1920 WW2 Bruce Fraser departed Constantinople, Ottoman Empire aboard HMS Heliotrope. 
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12 Nov 1930 WW2 HMS Hermes departed Portsmouth, England, United Kingdom. 
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12 Nov 1931 WW2 He Yingqin was made a member of the treasury committee. 
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12 Nov 1931 WW2 Renault convinced Maxime Weygand to allow Renault to compete in the competition for a light tank design for the French Army cavalry. 
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12 Nov 1933 WW2 The German people were asked to approve Germany's withdrawal from the League of Nations; 89.9% voted "Yes". 
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12 Nov 1933 WW2 The Reichstag election returned the first completely one-party German parliament. 
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12 Nov 1934 WW2 Admiral Scheer was commissioned into service. 
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12 Nov 1936 WW2 Lieutenant Commander Haruo Ota was named the commanding officer of destroyer Yuzuki. 
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12 Nov 1936 WW2 Chen Changjie was awarded the 4th grade of the Order of the Cloud and Banner. 
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12 Nov 1936 WW2 Dong Zhao was awarded the Order of Resplendent Banner 4th Class. 
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12 Nov 1936 WW2 During a debate in the House of Commons, Winston Churchill attacked the British government for its slow progress on rearmament. 
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12 Nov 1936 WW2 Tatsuta Maru became the first merchant ship to pass under the Bay Bridge between San Francisco and Oakland In California, United States. 
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12 Nov 1938 WW2 The Hungarian Parliament officially incorporated the newly acquired territory from Czechoslovakia into its borders. 
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12 Nov 1938 WW2 Zhang Zhizhong, upon receiving inaccurate intelligence about approaching Japanese troops, gave the order to set fire to several key buildings in Changsha, Hunan Province, China to deprive the Japanese of use should they be captured. The fire grew out of control, causing extensive property damage and killing a number of civilians. This event would lead to his firing. 
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12 Nov 1938 WW2 German government found Jews collectively responsible to pay one billion Reichsmarks for damage done during Kristallnacht. Also, laws were enacted to completely exclude Jews from jobs in commerce and industry. 
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12 Nov 1939 WW2 German submarine U-41 sank British trawler Cresswell by gunfire off the Outer Hebrides, Scotland, United Kingdom at 0700 hours; 6 were killed, 8 survived and rescued by U-41. At 1000 hours, U-41 struck agin, sinking Norwegian tanker Arne Kjøde; 34 survived in 2 lifeboats, but one of them would soon capsize, killing 5. 
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12 Nov 1939 WW2 British and French governments politely rejected the offer from Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands and King Leopold of Belgium to mediate toward the end of the war. 
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12 Nov 1940 WW2 The 19 surviving Swordfish aircraft of the 21 sent to attack Taranto, Italy at 2300 hours on the previous day returned to the British carrier HMS Illustrious. Italian battleships Vittorio Veneto, Andrea Doria, and Giulio Cesare, having survived the attack, departed the harbor with cruisers in escort for Naples, Italy, to avoid being caught by a second attack by the British, which was indeed planned but failed to launch due to bad weather. 
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12 Nov 1940 WW2 Vichy French forces in Gabon, French Equitorial Africa surrendered to Free French forces at Port Gentil 70 miles south of Libreville. Having successfully negotiated the surrender, Governor Georges Pierre Masson committed suicide shortly after the agreement was reached. 
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12 Nov 1940 WW2 Adolf Hitler issued Directive 18 for the capture of Gibraltar, Azores Islands, Madeira, and Portugal. 
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12 Nov 1940 WW2 Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov arrived in Berlin, Germany for discussions about spheres of influence in the Balkan Peninsula and in Finland. In the morning, German Foreign Minister Ribbentrop reassured Molotov that Germany had no further interest in eastern and southern Europe. In the afternoon, Molotov met with Adolf Hitler and relayed Joseph Stalin's request for Hitler to explain the recently formed German-Italian-Japanese military alliance and the recent German move into Romania; before Hitler gave a concrete answer, he noted that as the hour was getting late, the risk of British bombing was getting greater, thus the meeting should be broken up. 
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12 Nov 1940 WW2 Adolf Hitler issued a directive to the German army to be prepared in invade Greece so that the Luftwaffe could attack airfield from which the RAF might attack the oilfields of Romania. 
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12 Nov 1940 WW2 Having realized that his staff made plans to move visiting Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov to bomb shelters in case Allied bombers attacked Berlin, Adolf Hitler realized that the Reich Chancellery in Berlin, Germany did not have an adequate bunker, and immediate ordered for a plan to be drawn up. Digging would begin in the middle of the Chancellery garden in 1943, but the construction would never be finished. 
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12 Nov 1940 WW2 A captured German airman warned of a planned bombing against the British city of Coventry; British intelligence officers thought the airman was fed incorrect information in case he was captured, and the actual target would be London. On 14 Nov, a massive raid on Coventry by 440 German bombers killed 568, injured 863, and destroyed the city's 14th century cathedral. 
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12 Nov 1941 WW2 Charles Huntziger passed away. 
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12 Nov 1941 WW2 German submarine U-203, with one engine and aft diving planes damaged by a British air attack on the previous day, arrived in Brest, France. 
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12 Nov 1941 WW2 After sundown, the temperature in the Moscow region of Russia dropped to 5 degrees Fahrenheit or -15 degrees Celsius, which was harsh on the troops on either side, but particularly to the Germans who were less prepared to deal with the weather. The vehicles that had not been frozen, however, were now able to move as the mud hardened, and the 3rd and 4th Panzer Armies prepared to take advantage of the situation for an offensive. Meanwhile, 22 infantry divisions, 14 cavalry divisions, and 11 ski battalions began to arrive to reinforce the Soviet capital. 
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12 Nov 1941 WW2 Soviet submarine S-34 was lost off the Bulgarian coast near Cape Emine, presumably to a mine; all 51 aboard were lost. 
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12 Nov 1941 WW2 Finnish vessels laid mines in the Gulf of Finland to disrupt the Soviet attempts to evacuate personnel from Hanko in southern Finland. 
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12 Nov 1941 WW2 Oberleutnant Adalbert Karbe and Hauptmann Heinrich Wittmer of the German Kampfgeschwader 55 wing were awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. 
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12 Nov 1941 WW2 British aircraft carriers HMS Ark Royal and HMS Argus from the Operation Perpetual convoy launched 37 Hurricane fighters to reinforce Malta. 
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12 Nov 1941 WW2 Stuka dive bombers of German StG 77 damaged Soviet cruiser Chervona Ukraina with 3 bombs at Sevastopol, Russia. Destroyers Sovershenny and Besposhchadny were also damaged, with the former capsizing at the naval shipyard. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Rabaul. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 German submarine U-130 sank troopships USS Tasker H. Bliss, USS Hugh L. Scott, and USS Edward Rutledge with torpedoes, killing 74. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 British 3rd Parachute Battalion conducted an airborne attack on Bone, Algeria, capturing the airfield. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 6,000 American troops landed on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 US Marine Corps ace Joseph Foss destroyed two Japanese Army G4M medium bombers and a Reisen fighter bringing his tally to 22 enemy aircraft destroyed in aerial combat. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 The Japanese 38th Division departed the Shortland Islands in the Solomon Islands for Guadalcanal. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 US Marine Aircraft Group 11 completed its transfer to Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 Destroyer Yukikaze engaged with USS Cushing and USS Laffey during the First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, and then escorted the crippled battleship Hiei. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 The US 9th Air Force was established in the Middle East. 
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12 Nov 1942 WW2 USS Helena fired on attacking Japanese aircraft at Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. 
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12 Nov 1943 WW2 A combined German sea and airborne attack began on the British-held Greek island of Leros. 
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12 Nov 1943 WW2 Soviet troops captured Zhytomyr, Ukraine. 
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12 Nov 1943 WW2 Karl Dönitz complained in his diary that Allied air superiority and radar was severely restricting his ability to conduct campaigns. 
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12 Nov 1943 WW2 Admiral Mineichi Koga ordered the remaining Carrier Division 1 aircraft at Rabaul, New Britain to be withdrawn to Truk, Caroline Islands. After the departure of Carrier Division 1, Vice Admiral Jinichi Kusaka noted that 11th Air Fleet had the strength of only 202 aircraft, only 110 of which were combat-ready. 
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12 Nov 1943 WW2 At 0400 hours, 9 G4M and 5 B5N aircraft attacked a convoy of LST and converted destroyer-transport vessels in the Solomon Islands, sinking destroyer-transport USS McKean but also losing 4 B5N aircraft in combat. 1 G4M and 1 B5N aircraft suffered heavy damage but were able to return to Rabaul, New Britain. In the late morning, 10 D3A and 55 A6M aircraft, also from Rabaul, attacked an American convoy in the Solomon Islands. 10 Japanese aircraft were shot down; minimal damage was inflicted to the American vessels. 
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12 Nov 1943 WW2 Patrick Hurley met with Chiang Kaishek. 
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12 Nov 1943 WW2 USS Harder sank damaged a Japanese armed trawler (hitting her with 1 of 3 torpedoes) and then sank it with gunfire in the Pacific Ocean. 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 Operation Catechism: 31 British Lancaster bombers attacked German battleship Tirpitz with Tallboy bombs, scoring three hits and several near misses. Tirpitz capsized, killing 971 out of the about 1,700 aboard. None of the Lancaster bombers were lost. 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 The Japanese Army Banda Squadron in the Philippine Islands launched its first tokko mission against American ships in Leyte Gulf, claiming the sinking of a battleship and a transport although the actual damage done to the Americans was minimal. 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 According to later statement by Indian soldier Havildar Changdi Ram, who was a forced laborer for the Japanese in New Britain, the Japanese Kempeitai beheaded an Allied pilot, cut flesh from his arms, legs, hips, and buttocks, and proceed to cook the flesh. The human flesh was consumed in the evening after a speech was made by a Japanese major general. 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 Lieutenant-General Sir Oliver Leese was appointed Commander-in-Chief, Allied Land Forces South East Asia (ALFSEA). 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho departed Uji, Japan and arrived at Kure, Japan later on the same day. 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 USS Gabilan arrived at Saipan, Mariana Islands, ending her third war patrol. 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 USS Preston guarded carriers while the carriers launched strikes against Luzon, Philippine Islands. 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 1,014 arrested Polish Home Army and other partisan fighters were placed on a special train at Bialystok, Poland for the NKVD-run Ostashkov Special Camp in Tver Oblast, Russia. 
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12 Nov 1944 WW2 German V-2 rocket hit the Bromley Gas Works in West Ham, London, England, United Kingdom. 
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12 Nov 1945 WW2 Allied repatriation ship Hikawa Maru arrived at Uraga, Japan and disembarked troops. 
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12 Nov 1946 WW2 USS Chub began a scheduled overhaul. 
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12 Nov 1948 WW2 Former Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo was sentenced to death by hanging. 
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12 Nov 1948 WW2 Tokyo war crimes trials ended with eight war criminals sentenced to death and seventeen others to periods of imprisonment. 
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12 Nov 1948 WW2 Yoshijiro Umezu was found guilty of waging a war of aggression and was given a life sentence. 
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12 Nov 1954 RELIGIOUS American Presbyterian missionary Francis Schaeffer wrote in a letter: 'Loyalty to organizations and movements has always tended over time to take the place of loyalty to the person of Christ.'
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