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History on the 14th of December

History
Date Text
14 Dec 1363 RELIGIOUS Birth of Jean Charlier de Gerson, French theologian. During the papal schism of 1378_1414, Gerson attended the councils of Pisa (1409) and Constance (1414_18). He spent his last years in a monastery at Lyons teaching children, composing hymns and writing books on Christian mysticism.
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14 Dec 1917 WW2 The British government agreed to provide Russian General Kaledin with financial support, although ultimately no British finds reached the Cossacks. 
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14 Dec 1918 WW2 USS Arizona departed Brest, France after embarking 238 American servicemen. 
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14 Dec 1918 WW2 The Coupon Election: A general election was called by Lloyd George, leader of the British Liberal-Conservative coalition government. Coalition candidates received a letter of endorsement from Lloyd George and the conservative leader Bonar Law. Their opponents, chiefly Liberals who opposed Lloyd George and supported Asquith and Labour candidates contemptuously called this "the coupon". The coalition, mostly Conservatives, won overwhelmingly. 
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14 Dec 1922 RELIGIOUS "Toc H" (the British alphabetic letter abbreviation for "Talbot House") was chartered. A Christian fellowship which originated in 1915 in Belgium under Anglican chaplain P.T.B. Clayton, M.C., its various branches minister through a variety of Christian social services.
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14 Dec 1924 WW2 A new method in the launch of ship-based aircraft was displayed with the explosive-powered catapult launch of a Martin MO-1 observation plane from the forward turret of the USS Mississippi. Previously, ships other than aircraft-carriers had top come to a halt in order to lower the aircraft into the water to allow them to take off. 
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14 Dec 1927 WW2 Lexington (Lexington-class) was commissioned into service. 
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14 Dec 1931 WW2 Douglas Bader suffered an accident at the Reading Aero Club in Reading, England, United Kingdom. His legs, severely injured, were amputated by surgeon J. Leonard Joyce. 
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14 Dec 1936 WW2 The keel of submarine S-7 was laid down at Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112 in Gorky, Russia. 
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14 Dec 1936 WW2 The US Army set up an experimental radar set which accurately detected at up to 7-mile range aircraft flying in and out of New York City, New York, United States. 
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14 Dec 1937 WW2 German National Ministry of the Interior provided legal means for the police to commit criminals to concentration camps directly. 
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14 Dec 1937 WW2 Japanese 9th Division began to conduct mop up operations in secured areas of Nanjing, China, occupying, among other buildings, the National Central Hospital. Nearby, at Xianhe Gate and Yaohua Gate of the city wall north of Zijin Mountain, 38th Company of the Japanese 16th Division killed 7,200 Chinese people, military and civilian, during mop up operations; those who were able to flee claimed that some sections of the moat were filled with dead bodies. Near Xuanwu Gate, troops of the Japanese 16th Division executed 500 Chinese civilians. Second Lieutenant Nakamura of the 6th Cavalry Company of the Japanese 6th Division executed 300 prisoners of war. As reported by the International Committee later, Japanese troops entered civilian homes in Nanjing and raped or took away women. 
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14 Dec 1937 WW2 Kaga arrived off Guangdong Province, China. 
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14 Dec 1938 WW2 Geniere was commissioned into service. 
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14 Dec 1938 WW2 Tenryu was recalled from China and was assigned to the reserves. 
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14 Dec 1939 WW2 Finnish fortress at Uto was attacked by two Soviet destroyers; one of the Soviet destroyers was lost. Meanwhile, League of Nations ejected Soviet Union because of aggression against Finland. 
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14 Dec 1939 WW2 12 British Wellington bombers of No. 99 Squadron attacked a German convoy north of Wilhelmshaven, Germany during daylight. Within 30 minutes of the attack, six of them were lost to flak and German fighters, including two that collided in mid-air during the fight. 
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14 Dec 1939 WW2 Vidkun Quisling met with Adolf Hitler in Berlin, Germany. 
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14 Dec 1939 WW2 German freighter Arauca and passenger liner Columbus departed from Veracruz, Mexico, and were immediately followed by American destroyers. 
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14 Dec 1940 WW2 Plutonium-238 was first produced and isolated. 
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14 Dec 1940 WW2 Philippe Pétain declined Adolf Hitler's invitation to attend the ceremony during which the remains of Napoleon II would be re-interned at the Les Invalides cemetery in Paris, France. In the same message, he also told Hitler that Pierre Laval had been dismissed from his leadership position in Vichy France, which angered Hitler. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 British 4th Armored Brigade moved south toward Bir Halegh el Eleba, Libya in a plan to outflank Axis forces on the Gazala Line. On the same day, the Polish Independent Brigade was deployed under a New Zealand division in Libya. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 US Congress authorized the US Navy to keep enlisted men in service past their enlistment expiration. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 US Navy Task Force 11 with USS Lexington, three cruisers, and nine destroyers set sail for the Marshall Islands, acting as decoy in attempt to lure Japanese naval vessels out of the Wake Island area. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 Franz Halder and Günther von Kluge gave permission for a limited withdrawal for troops of the Army Group Center (Armeegruppe Mitte) in the Moscow area to the west of the Oka river, without Hitler's approval. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 Japanese submarine shelled Kahului and Maui, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 USS Seawolf fired a torpedo at Japanese seaplane carrier Sanyo Maru off Aparri, Philippine Islands; the torpedo hit its target but failed to detonate. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 Hiroshi Oshima was awarded the German medal Order of the German Eagle 1st Class. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 British submarine HMS Urge attacked Italian battleship Vittorio Veneto in the Strait of Messina between southern Italy and the island of Sicily; the heavy damage caused by this torpedo attack would put the battleship out of action for several months. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 Italian submarine Dagabur attacked British cruiser HMS Galatea while en route to Alexandria, Egypt at 1955 hours, causing no damage. Just before midnight, German submarine U-557 conducted a second attack on HMS Galatea, sinking her 35 miles west of Alexandria. 470 were killed in the sinking and 154 survived. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 The British authorities at Hong Kong refused the Japanese demand for surrender. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 A battalion from the Japanese 143rd Infantry Regiment occupied Victoria Point, Burma on the Kra River near the Thai-Burmese border. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 Thai Prime Minister Plaek Pibunsongkhram signed a secret agreement with Japan which formally allowed Japanese troops to operate in Thailand. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 In the Philippine Islands, three US B-17 bombers took off from the Del Monte airfield on Mindanao to attack the Japanese beachhead at Legaspi, Luzon. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 10 Japanese troop transports departed Cam Ranh Bay, Indochina, with the Borneo invasion force on board. The convoy was escorted by 3 cruisers and 6 destroyers. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at Yokohama, Japan. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 German pilot Oberfeldwebel Hermann Förster was strafed by a British fighter while he was descending in a parachute. Some thought the British pilot might had been Clive Caldwell. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 At 1500 hours, Japanese troops overran Allied defenses near Gurun, British Malaya but failed to reach the town. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 Naka arrived at Mako, Pescadores islands. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 The 2nd Marine Brigade was created by the US 2nd Marine Division at Camp Elliott, California, United States for the task of defending American Samoa. 
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14 Dec 1941 WW2 Japanese reconnaissance flying boats from Wotje and Roi, Marshall Islands bombed Wake Island in a pre-dawn raid, damaging Camp One facilities, the airstrip, and a fighter; Wake Atoll's aircraft was now operating on only one airstrip. After daybreak, more Japanese land-based attack aircraft struck the atoll. 
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14 Dec 1942 WW2 American submarine USS Wahoo detected hospital ship Hikawa Maru and allowed her to pass after seeing her red cross marking. Hikawa Maru arrived at Buin, Bougainville later that day. 
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14 Dec 1942 WW2 Australian troops captured Gona, New Guinea. 
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14 Dec 1942 WW2 LST-1 was commissioned into service. 
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14 Dec 1942 WW2 USS Grampus began her fifth war patrol. 
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14 Dec 1942 WW2 Tatsuta Maru departed Sasebo, Japan and arrived at Nagasaki, Japan later in the same day. 
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14 Dec 1942 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho arrived at Yokosuka, Japan. 
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14 Dec 1942 WW2 Pharmacist's Mate Harry Roby performed an emergency appendectomy on a sailor aboard USS Grayback while at sea. 
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14 Dec 1942 WW2 USS Wahoo sighted a hospital ship sailing toward the Shortland Islands and took no action. Later on the same day, she sank Japanese submarine I-15, hitting her with 1 of 3 torpedoes. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho arrived at Tarakan, Dutch Borneo. Later on the same day, she departed for the Palau Islands. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 George Giffard was awarded the Order of Polonia Restituta of Poland. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 Colonel John Coughlin arrived in China as the new head of OSS in the region, replacing Milton Miles. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 Troops of German 117th Jäger Division, under the orders of Karl von Le Suire, burned down the Greek War of Independence landmark Agia Lavra monastery in Kalavryta, Greece. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 USS Sunfish arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii, ending her fifth war patrol. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: More of ARGUS-18 arrived. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 Canadian troops captured Casa Berardi, Italy in an attempt to outflank German defenses at "The Gully". Nearby, Indian troops captured roads between Ortona and Orsogna. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 Destroyer Yukikaze arrived at Yokosuka, Japan. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 Irako arrived at Yokosuka, Japan. 
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14 Dec 1943 WW2 USS Wake Island arrived at San Diego, California, United States. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Blenny reported sinking a small Japanese craft with her deck gun in the morning; in the evening at about 2200 hours, she sank a destroyer escort with two torpedoes (three were fired). 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 Fearing they were about to be invaded, Japanese defenders in Palawan in the Philippine Islands murdered 145 American prisoners of war by shooting, bayoneting, clubbing and setting them on fire while still alive. Far to the east, the US Navy Fast Carrier Task Force arrived 90 miles east of Luzon, Philippine Islands and began to launch aircraft to cover the landings on Mindoro. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Rock departed Fremantle, Australia for her fifth war patrol. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 The RaLa Experiment of the Manhattan Project yielded evidence that spherical implosion was possible for compression of the plutonium pit of an atomic bomb. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 Otto Skorzeny took command of German Armored Brigade 150. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 US Congress established the rank of Fleet Admiral in the active list of the US Navy and the rank of General of the Army in the active list of the US Army. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Marcus Island's air group shot down one Japanese aircraft. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Astoria escorted fleet carriers east of Luzon, Philippine Islands. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Alabama escorted US carriers off Luzon, Philippine Islands as carrier aircraft began attacking Japanese positions in the area. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 One of USS Columbia's 127-millimeter guns misfired during combat off the Philippine Islands, killing four. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Preston guarded carriers while the carriers launched strikes against Luzon, Philippine Islands. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Ticonderoga launched Air Group 80 aircraft for 7 strikes against Japanese positions in northern Luzon, Philippine Islands. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Wasp's aircraft attacked Japanese airfields on Luzon, Philippine Islands. 
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14 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Missouri departed Norfolk, Virginia, United States. 
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14 Dec 1945 WW2 SS personnel convicted of atrocities at Belsen and other concentration camps were executed by hanging. 
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14 Dec 1945 WW2 Doherty was decommissioned from service. 
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14 Dec 1945 WW2 Cummings was decommissioned from service. 
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14 Dec 1945 WW2 George Patton asked his wife Beatrice to prevent Walter Bedell Smith from visiting him at the hospital in Heidelberg, Germany. 
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14 Dec 1945 WW2 Sergei Khudyakov was arrested. 
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14 Dec 1945 WW2 William Halsey was honored with a ticker tape parade in New York, New York, United States. 
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14 Dec 1947 WW2 USS Sterlet arrived at Guam. 
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14 Dec 1955 RELIGIOUS Catholic religious leader, Bishop Fulton J. Sheen, 60, was quoted in "Look" magazine on this date as stating that 'an atheist is a man who has no invisible means of support.'
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14 Dec 1981 RELIGIOUS The modern nation of Israel formally annexed the Golan Heights, which had been captured from Syria during the 1967 War.
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13th December 15th December
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