28 Aug 0430
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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Death of St. Augustine of Hippo, 76, the great early Latin Church Father and one of the outstanding theological figures of the ages. It was St. Augustine who wrote: 'Thou hast made us for thyself, O Lord, and our hearts are restless till they find their rest in thee.'
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28 Aug 1413
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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St. Andrew's University, in Scotland, was chartered by a papal decree from Gregory XII.
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28 Aug 1645
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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In Poland, King Vladislav IV convened the Conference of Thorn. Through it he sought to bring reunion among the 26 Catholic, 28 Lutheran and 24 Calvinist theologians in attendance. Discussions continued through November, but no satisfying theological fusion was achieved.
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28 Aug 1840
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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Birth of Ira D. Sankey, Dwight Moody's song evangelist. During their revival crusades (from 1870), Sankey penned many hymn tunes; among the most enduring today are HIDING IN THEE ("O Safe to the Rock That is Higher Than I") and SANKEY ("Faith is the Victory").
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28 Aug 1912
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history
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WW2
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Dreadnaught Settsu was reclassified as a battleship.
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28 Aug 1914
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history
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WW2
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Settsu departed Sasebo, Japan.
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28 Aug 1914
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history
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WW1
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Begin of Battle of Heligoland Bight
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28 Aug 1916
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history
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WW2
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Chuichi Nagumo's marriage certificate was made official.
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28 Aug 1922
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history
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WW2
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Mutsu and other ships of Japanese Navy Battleship Division 1 participated on a parade of force along the eastern coast of Russia.
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28 Aug 1928
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history
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WW2
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He Yingqin stepped down as a member of the finance committee.
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28 Aug 1935
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history
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WW2
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Iwane Matsui retired from the Japanese Army.
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28 Aug 1936
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history
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WW2
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German authorities arrested large numbers of Jehovah's Witnesses, sending some of them to concentration camps.
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28 Aug 1936
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history
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WW2
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Spanish Nationalist aircraft bombed Madrid, Spain for the first time.
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28 Aug 1937
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history
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WW2
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Japanese aircraft damaged Chinese gunboat Chuyou at Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China.
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28 Aug 1937
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history
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WW2
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The US 2nd Marine Brigade headquarters and the US 6th Marine Regiment departed San Diego, California, United States for Shanghai, China.
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28 Aug 1938
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history
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WW2
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Chinese troops recaptured Taihu County, Anhui, China. In Hubei Province, elements of the Japanese 2nd Army Group captured Liuan.
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28 Aug 1939
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history
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WW2
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Citizens in Berlin, Germany observed troops moving toward the east.
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28 Aug 1939
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history
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WW2
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Karl Wiligut was officially placed on the SS retired list; in actuality he had been pushed out of his office since Feb 1939.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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Radio broadcast in Vichy France announced that laws protecting Jews in France had been removed.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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German submarine U-101 torpedoed Finnish ship Elle 200 miles northwest of Ireland at 0425 hours, killing 2; after the 27 survivors were rescued by sloop HMS Leith and delivered to Greenock, Scotland, HMS Leith returned on 30 Aug to scuttle the ship with gunfire. German submarine U-28 sank British ship Kyno 200 miles northwest of Ireland at 2100 hours; 4 were killed and 33 were rescued by British ship Queen Maud.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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Werner Mölders' wingman Oberleutnant Kircheis was shot down and became captured; Oberleutnant Georg Claus took over as his new wingman.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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US Army transport American Legion, with destroyers USS Biddle and USS Blakeley in escort, arrived from from Petsamo, Finland to New York City, United States with Norwegian Crown Princess Martha. Also aboard was a 40-millimeter Bofors gun, smuggled in for the US Navy.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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Heavy cruisers USS Wichita (with Rear Admiral Andrew C. Pickens on board) and USS Quincy departed Montevideo, Uruguay for Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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Adolf Hitler ordered troops to prepare for an occupation of Romania should war break out in that country.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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Simo Häyhä was promoted from the rank of corporal directly to the rank of second lieutenant by Field Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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Overnight, British bombers attacked Berlin, Germany, damaging Görlitzer railway station, killing 8 and wounding 21.
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28 Aug 1940
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history
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WW2
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Shortly after 0800 hours, German bomber formations were detected above Calais, France; the incoming 33 bombers and 120 Bf 109 fighters would drop 100 bombs on RAF Eastchurch in southeastern Britain, but failed to disable the RAF airfield. At 1235 hours, 30 German fighters attacked RAF Rochford, which received 30 bombs. Two additional raids would reach airfields in southern England in the afternoon. During the day, the Germans lost 14 Bf 109 fighters, 8 modern bombers, and 1 WW1-era Gotha biplane bomber; the British lost 15 fighters; despite the fighter losses, after Winston Churchill's tour of some airfields, he was much more concerned about the German ability to damage runways, which could seriously disrupt fighter operations, thus he ordered more manpower to be assigned to the RAF for airfield repairs. Overnight, Birmingham, Coventry, Derby, Sheffield, Manchester, and South Yorkshire were bombed.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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Australian Prime Minister Menzies resigned.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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Mohammad Ali Foroughi signed a treaty allowing the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union to occupy oil fields and the Trans-Iranian Railway in Iran, as well as closing down German, Italian, Hungarian, and Romanian legations in Tehran. However, he refused to allow British and Soviet troops in the capital city.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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The Soviet NKVD blew up Zaporozhye hydroelectric dam on the River Dnieper in Ukraine to prevent German use. Thousands of civilians who resided downstream were killed by the flooding.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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The Soviet Baltic Fleet departed from Estonia for Kronstadt, Russia under the command of Vice Admiral Vladimir Tributs. En route, the fleet was slowed by a minefield off Cape Juminda, and it was soon targeted by shore-based artillery, German aircraft, and German and Finnish torpedo boats. 15 warships and 15 transports would be sunk.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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British Submarine HMS Rorqual sank Italian ship Cilicia 130 miles west of Crete, Greece. Italian torpedo boat Antares counterattacked by ramming the submarine, damaging the periscope.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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German submarines U-101 and U-558 attacked Allied convoy OS-4 330 miles west of Ireland; U-558 sank British merchant ship Otaio (13 were killed, 58 survived); U-101's attack was unsuccessful and invited a 3-hour counterattack by 30 depth charges which caused little damage.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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Axis troops launched a renewed offensive against Odessa, Ukraine.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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The final P-43 Lancer fighter delivery was made to the United States Army.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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Tenryu was assigned to Truk, Caroline Islands to join Cruiser Division 18 of Japanese 4th Fleet. Captain Mitsutaro Goto was named her new commanding officer.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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British prisoner of war Lieutenant Airey Neave attempted to escape the Oflag IV-C camp at Colditz Castle in Germany with a fake German guard uniform; he was spotted near the front gate and captured.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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Tatsuta Maru departed Kobe, Japan; among the passengers were 349 Jewish refugees.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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On his first combat mission after reutrning from home leave to recover from dysentery, Hans-Joachim Marseille shot down a South African Air Force Hurricane fighter flown by Lieutenant V. F. Williams; it was his 14th kill.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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18 British Bleinheim bombers attacked German targets at Rotterdam, the Netherlands; 7 bombers were shot down.
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28 Aug 1941
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history
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WW2
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Lewis Puller returned to the United States from China.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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German submarine U-94 attacked Allied convoy TAW-15 off Haiti. American PBY Catalina aircraft, Canadian corvette HMCS Halifax, Canadian corvette HMCS Snowberry, and Canadian corvette HMCS Oakville counterattacked, forcing the submarine to the surface. HMCS Oakville then rammed U-94 twice, leaving it dead in the water. A Canadian boarding party captured the submarine, killing two in the process. It was soon realized that the Germans had already scuttled the ship, and the boarding party successful returned to HMCS Oakville. U-94 sank with 19 of her crew; 26 survived.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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The 1st and 2nd Battalions of the US 7th Marine Regiment departed from Pago Pago, Tutuila, Samoa aboard transports President Adams and President Hayes.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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German submarines U-165 and U-517 attacked Allied convoy SG-6 in the Strait of Belle Isle just outside of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Canada at 1432 hours, with U-165 damaging US ship Arlyn and US fleet oiler Laramie (4 were killed, 103 survived), and U-517 finishing Arlyn off (12 were killed, 37 survived. At 1908 hours, U-566 attacked Allied convoy SL-119 with three torpedoes 390 miles west of Porto, Portugal, damaging Dutch ship Zuiderkerk (all 68 aboard survived; ship later scuttled by British sloop HMS Erne) and damaging British ship City of Cardiff (21 were killed, 63 survived).
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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US destroyer USS Gamble attacked Japanese submarine I-123 60 miles east of Savo Island, Solomon Islands at 0800 and attacked with depth charges, sinking I-123 at 1147 hours; all aboard were killed.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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Admiral Scheer made rendezvous with German destroyers near Bear Island, Norway.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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Tenryu arrived at Rabaul, New Britain, departing for Milne Bay, Australian Papua later in the day.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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At dawn, Japanese troops attacked across the unfinished Turnbull airstrip near the coast of Milne Bay, Australian Papua, exposed to strafing by Australian Kittyhawk fighters and small arms fire, suffering heavy casualties that led to the attack being called off. Deeper in land, Japanese 144th Regiment surprised Australian 39th Battalion at Isurava, forcing the Australian troops back one mile to regroup. To the north, 769 Japanese Special Naval Landing Force troops departed Rabaul, New Britain to reinforce the operations on Milne Bay.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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General Harukichi Hyakutake attempted to reinforce Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands with 3,500 men, but the convoy was detected, attacked by Henderson Field-based US aircraft at 1805 hours, and turned back. Japanese destroyer Asagiri was sunk (122 were killed, 270 survived), and destroyers Shirakumo (2 were wounded) and Yugiri (32 were killed) were damaged; US Marine Corps lost only one aircraft in the engagement. As another Japanese fleet successfully landed troops at Taivu Point at night, it would convince the Japanese to shift strategy to reinforce only at night; these night time supply runs would later be nicknamed "Tokyo Express" by the Americans.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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Near Truk, Caroline Islands, Yamato was attacked by USS Flying Fish. Flying Fish's Lieutenant Commander Glynn Donaho mis-identified Yamato as a Kongo-class battleship as US Navy was unaware of the existence of Yamato-class at the time. Two of the four Mark 14 steam torpedoes missed, while the other two detonated prematurely. The latter two detonations led to Donaho's conclusion that he scored two hits. Yamato launched at least one E13A1 floatplane to join the depth charge attack already started by Yamato's four escorts, which failed to destroy USS Flying Fish. Later in the day, Yamato arrived at Truk; she would remain the headquarters and flagship of the Combined Fleet.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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Repair ship Akashi began repairing seaplane tender Chitose and light cruiser Jintsu at Truk, Caroline Islands.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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USS Flying Fish detected Japanese battleship Yamato on the horizon in the Caroline Islands and attacked in failure; she fired 4 torpedoes and recorded 2 hits, but Japanese records revealed that all torpedoes missed. She also fired 3 torpedoes at a destroyer, all of which missed. She endured three rounds of counterattacks for the remainder of the day.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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159 British RAF bombers attacked Nürnberg, Germany; another group of 113 bombers attacked Saarbrücken, Germany.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Kure, Japan for her 5th voyage with the Japanese Navy.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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Soviet 8th Army pushed forward another mile against lines held by troops of German 223rd Infantry Division near Leningrad, Russia; behind the German lines, German 18th Army moved into position to launch a counterattack.
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28 Aug 1942
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history
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WW2
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German bombers attacked Bristol, England, United Kingdom; 2 buses were hit by bombs in the center of the city, killing 44. Elsewhere, St Ives in England and Cardiff in Wales were also attacked.
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28 Aug 1943
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history
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WW2
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Two US Corsair fighter squadrons attacked Kahili Airfield in Buin, Bougainville in the Solomon Islands. Lieutenant Al Jensen of US Marine Corps squadron VMF-214, flying a Corsair fighter, was credited with destroying 24 Japanese planes on the ground during this mission.
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28 Aug 1943
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history
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WW2
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King Boris III of Bulgaria passed away mysteriously.
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28 Aug 1943
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history
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WW2
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Destroyer Yukikaze departed Truk, Caroline Islands to escort carrier Taiyo to Japan.
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28 Aug 1943
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history
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WW2
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Repair ship Akashi completed the repair work for cruiser Kumano at Truk, Caroline Islands.
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28 Aug 1943
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history
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WW2
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The imprisoned Mussolini was moved from the island of Maddalena off Sardinia to Lake Bracciano by seaplane, then by car to the Hotel Campo Imperatore (aka. Albergo Refugio) at Gran Sasso.
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28 Aug 1943
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history
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WW2
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Eleanor Roosevelt arrived at Wellington, New Zealand.
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28 Aug 1943
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history
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WW2
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Eight of the ten sections USS ABSD-1 began to be towed from San Francisco, California, United States for the South Pacific.
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28 Aug 1943
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history
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WW2
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USS Dorado was commissioned into service, Lieutenant Commander Earle Caffrey Schneider in command.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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Chaim Rumkowski passed away.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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US troops crossed the Marne River in France.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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The German garrison in Marseilles, France surrendered to French forces.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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32 P-40 fighters of the US 14th Air Force (including several flown by Chinese pilots) attacked the Japanese airfield near Hengyang, Hunan, China. Ki-43 fighters of the Japanese 48th Sentai and Ki-84 fighters of the Japanese 22nd Sentai rose the intercept, shooting down 1 Chinese P-40 fighter and 3 American P-40 fighters; 6 Japanese fighters were lost.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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Additional German troops entered Slovakia in response to partisan activities in Slovakia and Romania, effecting a total occupation.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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FR.11 was captured by the Allies at Toulon, France.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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Oberfeldwebel Hieronymus Lauer became the first to be shot down by US fighters while flying a jet aircraft. His Me 262 fighter was shot down by Major Joseph Myers and 2nd Lieutenant Manford Croy, Jr. of 82nd Fighter Squadron of USAAF 78th Fighter Group, both flying P-47 fighters. When Lauer was shot down at 1915 hours, his guns were not even loaded, as he was on a ferry flight between Juvincourt, France and Chievres, Belgium. Lauer survived the subsequent crash landing.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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Robert von Greim was awarded Swords to his Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross medal.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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Albert Kesselring was given a captured copy of the Allied Operation Olive plans and learned that the recent Allied attack on the eastern end of the Gothic Line in Italy was part of a major offensive; he gave the order to move three reserve divisions from Bologna to the east coast.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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USS Wasp departed Eniwetok, Marshall Islands.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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Allied convoy RA-59A departed the Kola Inlet near Murmansk, Russia.
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28 Aug 1944
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history
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WW2
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USS Sea Cat departed New London, Connecticut, United States for US Territory of Hawaii via the Panama Canal.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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Indictments were made against accused Nazi German war criminals.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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Soviet troops landed at Rubetzu Bay on Iturup, Kurile Islands, Japan, as well as nearby islands of Kunashir, Shikotan, Sibotzu, Taraku-Shima, Uri-Shima, Akiuri, and Suiseto.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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The minesweeper USS Logic was transferred to the Republic of China (renamed Yung Shun) under the Lend-Lease programme.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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The minesweeper USS Lucid was transferred to the Republic of China (renamed Yung Ting) under the Lend-Lease programme.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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The minesweeper USS Magnet was transferred to the Republic of China (renamed Yung Ning) under the Lend-Lease programme.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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In Japan, an advance guard of 150 US airborne troops landed at Atsuki airfield outside Tokyo; they were the first Allied troops to set foot on the Japanese mainland.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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The battleship HMS Nelson anchored off Penang to take the Japanese surrender in Malaya.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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Destroyers USS Blue and USS Mansfield intercepted I-400, which was discovered on the previous day, in the Pacific Ocean. USS Blue sent a 37-man boarding party and secured the submarine. Destroyer USS Weaver of US 20th Submarine Squadron arrived on the scene later, however, and forcibly took over the situation, claiming authority due to the personnel's submarine expertise.
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28 Aug 1945
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history
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WW2
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US B-29 bombers dropped food onto the grounds of the Churon Temporary Prisoners of War Camp in northern Taiwan; three prisoners were accidentally killed by falling 50-gallon drums.
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28 Aug 1946
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history
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WW2
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Independence was decommissioned from service.
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28 Aug 1946
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history
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WW2
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USS Skipjack was decommissioned from service.
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28 Aug 1948
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history
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WW2
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Pavel Rybalko passed away.
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28 Aug 1953
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history
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RELIGIOUS
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Campus Crusade for Christ was incorporated in Los Angeles by founder Bill Bright. Today, CCC is an evangelical organization training Christian leaders in over 90 countries around the world.
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