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History on the 11th of September

History
Date Text
11 Sep 1672 RELIGIOUS Colonial American clergyman Solomon Stoddard, 29, was ordained pastor of the Congregational church in Northampton, Mass. He remained at this pulpit for the next 57 years! (From 1727 until his death in 1729, Stoddard was assisted by his grandson, Jonathan Edwards.)
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11 Sep 1857 RELIGIOUS Mormon fanatic John D. Lee, angered over President Buchanan's order to remove Brigham Young from governorship of the Utah Territory, incited a band of Mormons and Indians to massacre a California-bound wagon train of 135 (mostly Methodists) in Mountain Meadows, Utah.
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11 Sep 1892 RELIGIOUS The Scarritt Bible and Training School in Nashville, TN, was dedicated, primarily as the result of the conception, urging and fund-raising of southern Methodist missions leader and social reformer, Belle Harris Bennett (1852-1922).
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11 Sep 1911 WW2 Haiqi arrived in New York, New York, United States and became the first Chinese warship to enter American waters. Her officers and men visited the mausoleum of former US President Ulysses S. Grant and presented a wreath. 
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11 Sep 1914 WW2 Australian forces landed near Rabaul, Bismarck Islands and captured the wireless station after a brief but fierce firefight. The 5 Australians killed during this action were the Australian casualties of WW1. 
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11 Sep 1914 WW1 Begin of Battle of Bita Paka
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11 Sep 1919 WW2 Hermes was launched at Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, United Kingdom, sponsored by Mrs. A. Cooper, daughter of the First Lord of the Admiralty, Walter Long. 
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11 Sep 1936 WW2 Do 18 flying boat "Aeolus" arrived at Hamilton, Bermuda from the Azores after a 18-hour 15-minute flight. Several hours later, Do 18 flying boat "Zephir" arrived at New York, New York, United States from the Azores after a 22-hour 12-minute flight. 
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11 Sep 1937 WW2 Following the advice of German advisor to China Falkenhausen, Chinese troops dug in at Luodian near Shanghai to defend against a Japanese offensive. The 300,000 Chinese infantry troops would hold on to Luodian for four days against attacks by 100,000 Japanese troops with overwhelming firepower. 
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11 Sep 1938 WW2 Rudolf Höss was promoted to the rank of SS-Obersturmführer. 
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11 Sep 1939 WW2 British submarine Triton tropedoed and sank British submarine Oxley by mistake. 
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11 Sep 1939 WW2 Georg von Küchler was awarded Clasp 2nd Class to his Iron Cross. 
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11 Sep 1939 WW2 Wolfgang Falck shot down two Polish aircraft, a bomber and a reconnaissance aircraft. 
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11 Sep 1939 WW2 Saudi Arabia severed diplomatic relations with Germany. 
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11 Sep 1939 WW2 Air Vice Marshal Arthur Harris assumed command of British Royal Air Force Bomber Command's Lincolnshire-based No. 5 Group with his headquarters at St. Vincent's House in Grantham. No. 5 Group was the sole operator of the Handley-Page Hampden bomber with six Hampden squadrons available at the outbreak of war - Nos. 44 and 50 Squadrons based at Waddington, 49 and 83 Squadrons based at Scampton, and 61 and 144 Squadrons at Hemswell. Harris would command the group for fourteen months before being appointed G. O. C. Bomber Command on 22 Feb 1942. 
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11 Sep 1939 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt wrote to Winston Churchill and Neville Chamberlain, encouraging them to communicate with him personally, ie. bypass the official diplomatic channels. 
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11 Sep 1940 WW2 Japanese Army Major General Issaku Nishihara reported to Tokyo, complaining that French authorities were delaying negotiations regarding Indochina matters. 
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11 Sep 1940 WW2 At 0835 hours, six French warships passed through the Strait of Gibraltar at the speed of 25 knots. Realizing they were heading for Dakar in French West Africa, HMS Renown and three destroyers departed at 1600 hours in an attempt to intercept. Overnight, the French fleet stopped at Casablanca to refuel. 
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11 Sep 1940 WW2 German submarine U-28 attacked Dutch ship Maas (sank, killing 20) and British ship Harpenden (seriously damaged, killing 1), both of Allied convoy OA-210, 200 miles northwest of Ireland between 0326 and 0328 hours. 
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11 Sep 1940 WW2 German submarine U-99 sank British ship Albionic at 0716 hours, killing 25. 
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11 Sep 1940 WW2 Winston Churchill noted that the coming week was to be dangerous as intelligence showed a German amphibious invasion was about to be launched. 
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11 Sep 1940 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille scored his third kill when he shot down a British Hurricane fighter over the French coast at 1705 hours. His fighter received heavy damage and he was forced to crash land at Wissant, France. 
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11 Sep 1940 WW2 After an entire morning without attacks, 300 German bombers flew across Kent in southern England, United Kingdom and up the Thames Estuary in 2 waves at about 1500 hours. British figthers from No. 11 Group RAF engaged the escorting fighters, while British fighters of No. 12 Group RAF attacked the bombers. Some of those bombers got through and bombed the East End of London. On the same day, Portsmouth and Southampton were also bombed. Off Ramsgate, Kent, destroyers HMS Atherstone and HMS Fernie were attacked in the Strait of Dover, badly damaging HMS Atherstone, which also suffered 6 deaths. Overnight, London and Liverpool were bombed. 
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11 Sep 1940 WW2 The United States Navy ordered the construction of six Cleveland-class light cruisers for fiscal year 1941. All six ships were to be built by the William Cramp & Sons Shipbuilding Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 Konstantin Rokossovsky was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 King Leopold III of Belgium, whilst a prisoner of the Germans, secretly married London-born Lilian Baels. As this had no validity under Belgian law a second ceremony was conducted on 6 Dec 1941. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 US President Roosevelt announced that American warships will attack German and Italian submarines on sight during his "fireside chat" radio address, equating the attacks to piracy. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 German artillery bombarded Leningrad, Russia throughout the day. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 German submarines U-82, U-202, U-207, U-432, and U-433 attacked Allied convoy SC-42, sinking seven merchant ships 100 miles east of Greenland. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 British destroyers HMS Leamington and HMS Veteran sank German submarines U-207, killing all 41 aboard. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 British submarine HMS Thunderbolt sank German ship Livorno 65 miles southwest of Benghazi, Libya. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille claimed shooting down a South African Maryland bomber over Libya, but the kill was not confirmed. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 Roza Shanina took on a job at kindergarten No. 2 in Arkhangelsk, Russia to help pay for her tuition. 
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11 Sep 1941 WW2 US Marine Corps 6th Defense Battalion relieved the 3rd Defense Battalion as the garrison force at Midway. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Rabaul, arriving at Kavieng later on the same day. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 During the day, USS Saratoga delivered aircraft to Henderson Field at Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. Japanese destroyers landed troops at Guadalcanal; in the past two weeks, 6,000 men were successfully delivered to the island. Meanwhile, Japanese aircraft attacked Henderson Field. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 German submarine U-514 sank Canadian ship Cornwallis off Bridgetown, Barbados at 2237 hours in shallow waters. She would later be raised, put back into service, and lost again to another German submarine. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 US B-17 and B-25 bombers sank Japanese destroyer Yayoi (68 were killed, 83 survived) and damaged destroyer Isokaze 8 miles northwest of Vakuta, Trobriand Islands 120 miles north of Milne Bay, Australian Papua, where they intended to reach to evacuate the 353 troops of the Japanese 5th Sasebo Special Naval Landing Force stranded on Goodenough Island. Isokaze would turn back to Rabaul, New Britain, abandoning the evacuation mission. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 The British and Japanese completed a diplomatic personnel exchange at Lourenço Marques, Portuguese East Africa (now Maputo, Mozambique); Japanese passenger ship Kamakura Maru departed with 870 diplomats on board while British passenger ship El Nil departed with 400 diplomats on board. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 Soviet submarine S-13 sank Finnish collier Hera in the southern end of the Gulf of Bothnia near the Åland Islands; S-13 would later fire upon and sink a lifeboat full of survivors. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 The US airfield at Adak Island, Aleutian Islands was completed. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 German submarine U-404 attacked Allied convoy ON-127 800 miles west of Ireland, damaging Norwegian tanker Marit II at 0016 hours; 2 were killed. At 0135 hours, U-218 also attacked the same convoy, damaging Norwegian tanker Fjordaas. At 0147 hours, U-584 sank British tanker Empire Oil 765 miles west of Ireland, which was a member of ON-127 that was already disabled by U-659 on the previous date and already abandoned. Elsewhere, U-96 sank Portuguese sailing vessel Delães at 1150 hours, U-517 sank corvette HMCS Charlottetown in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in northeastern Canada at 1300 hours (9 were killed, 55 survived), and U-584 sank Norwegian merchant ship Hindanger at 1925 hours (1 was killed, 40 survived). 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 Tenryu departed Rabaul, New Britain in search of survivors of sunken destroyer Yayoi; she would fail to locate any. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 USS Saury sank Japanese auxiliary aircraft transport Kanto Maru with 3 torpedoes in the Makassar Strait in the Dutch East Indies at 2100 hours, killing 39. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 479 British bombers (242 Wellington, 89 Lancaster, 59 Halifax, 47 Stirling, 28 Hampden, and 14 Whitley) attacked Düsseldorf and Neuss in Germany, damaging or destroying 52 industrial targets and 2,417 houses; 148 civilians were killed; 33 bombers were lost on this mission. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 German armed merchant cruiser Michel attacked British merchant ship Empire Dawn in the Indian Ocean. Empire Dawn attempted to signal that the crew would abandon ship, but Michel continued to shell the British ship. 22 of Empire Dawn's crew were killed during the sinking; 22 survived and were captured by Michel. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille shot down two Hurricane fighters while escorting bombers to El Imayid, Libya between 0740 and 0742 hours, bringing his score up to 144 kills. 
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11 Sep 1942 WW2 Lieutenant General Vasiliy Chuikov took command of the newly formed Soviet 62nd Army located on the east bank of the Volga River at Stalingrad in southern Russia. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 Operation Source: British midget submarines X5, X6, and X7 attacked German battleship Tirpitz in Norway. All three were destroyed, but X6 and X7 were able to place mines below the ship. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 Pierre Le Gloan passed away. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 Italian forces in various Aegean islands surrendered to the Germans, including those at the island of Rhodes. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 The anti-Hitler group Bund Deutscher Offiziere was formed in Moscow, Russia by a number of German officers captured by Soviet forces since the beginning of the war. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 At 1500 hours, Kurt Student ordered Major Harald Mors to have a plan for the rescue of Benito Mussolini ready at his desk as soon as possible, with the plan to be executed on the following day at 0730 hours. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 Jewish ghettos in Byelorussian cities of Minsk and Lida were liquidated over the next 3 days. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 German authorities raided Jews in Nice, France. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 US and French troops landed on the French island of Corsica in the Mediterranean Sea. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 USS Tunny departed Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Part of Torpedo Squadron 16 (VT-16) departed. Part of Bombing Squadron 16 (VB-16) departed. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 British 1st Airborne Division captured Brindisi and Bari, Italy without resistance; in the opposite direction, the British paratroopers also linked up with Canadian troops of British XIII Corps which had landed at Reggio Calabria eight days prior. Further north, German troops declared Rome secure. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 Inigo Campioni was captured by the Germans on Rhodes, Italian Dodecanese. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 USS Harder attacked a Japanese convoy south of Japan, sinking cargo ship Yoko Maru, hitting her with 1 of 3 torpedoes. 
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11 Sep 1943 WW2 Orde Wingate departed the United Kingdom for Lisbon, Portugal. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 Scottish 15th Division crossed into the Netherlands near Antwerp, Belgium. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 US Third Army reached German border near Trier, Germany. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Finback attacked a Japanese convoy in the Western Pacific, sinking a tanker and a transport, hitting them with 3 of 6 torpedoes fired. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 Nationalist Chinese Wu Zhongxin replaced warlord Sheng Shicai as the governor of Xinjiang Province, China. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 French 1st Division captured Dijon, France. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 The two companies that the US 7th Armoured Division had managed to get across the Moselle River in France abandoned their positions after a fierce counterattack by German SS troops which began on the previous date. The loss was not too serious as a better crossing had been established further south at Arnaville, but even there bridging operations were still hampered by artillery fire from Fort Driant. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 Carl Spaatz ordered large raids on German synthetic oil plants, dispatching 1,136 aircraft; the German Luftwaffe lost heavily in air battles. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 36 B-17 bombers of 100th Bomber Group of US 8th Air Force, en route to attack the Schwarzheide synthetic fuel factory in eastern Germany, were intercepted by 60 Fw 190A and Bf 109 fighters of German Jagdgeschwader 4. In the first attack wave, 14 US bombers were shot down uncontested by American fighter escort, which had not yet arrived. In the second attack wave, US fighters were able to shoot down 32 German fighters (29 pilots killed). The air battle took place roughly over the village of Oberwiesenthal in southern Germany. Surviving bombers were able to drop 53 tons of bombs on the Schwarzheide synthetic fuel factory. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 Noor Inayat Khan was transferred to Dachau Concentration Camp, Germany. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 USS Blackfin arrived at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii. 
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11 Sep 1944 WW2 Bulgarian communist leader Georgi Dimitrov ordered, from Moscow in Russia, the creation of the People's Court to try Bulgarian leaders responsible for Bulgarian involvement in the European War on the side of the Germans. 
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11 Sep 1945 WW2 Operation Magic Carpet began to return US servicemen back to the United States. 
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11 Sep 1945 WW2 The Allied Control Council for Austria met at the Hotel Imperial in Vienna, Austria. 
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11 Sep 1945 WW2 USS Hackleback arrived at San Francisco, California, United States. 
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11 Sep 1946 WW2 De Grasse was launched at Lorient, France. 
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11 Sep 1947 WW2 Indiana was decommissioned from service. 
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11 Sep 1948 WW2 USS Whale arrived at New London, Connecticut, United States. 
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11 Sep 1955 RELIGIOUS The first Southern Baptist church to be established in Nebraska was organized at Lincoln, with 34 charter members. Founded by Southern Baptist U.S. Air Force personnel who had been stationed in Lincoln, the congregation first met for worship on Easter Sunday of this year.
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11 Sep 1962 RELIGIOUS American Trappist monk Thomas Merton wrote in a letter: 'We have not tasted the things given to us in Christ. Instead, we have built around ourselves walls and cells, and buried ourselves in dust and documents, and now we wonder why we cannot see God, or leap to do his will.'
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