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History on the year of 1938

History
Date Text
01 Jan 1938 WW2 Cruiser Köln began two months of repairs at Kiel, Germany. 
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01 Jan 1938 WW2 Lord Gort was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. 
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01 Jan 1938 WW2 George Giffard was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath. 
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01 Jan 1938 WW2 Japanese Army General Iwane Matsui reportedly told a Japanese diplomat "y men have done something very wrong and extremely regrettable" regarding the atrocities committed in Nanjing, China. 
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01 Jan 1938 WW2 Chen Shaokuan was named the supreme commander of the Chinese Navy. 
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01 Jan 1938 WW2 Chiang Kaishek stepped down as the Premier of the Republic of China. 
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01 Jan 1938 WW2 Although Hurricane fighters had been arriving for the past week, this date was the official date that No. 111 Squadron RAF (based at RAF Northolt, Middlesex, England, United Kingdom) converted to operate these newly developed fighters. 
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06 Jan 1938 WW2 Submarine Scirè was launched at La Spezia, Italy. 
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08 Jan 1938 WW2 Short on supplies, Spanish Colonel Rey d’Harcourt surrendered Teruel to Spanish Republican forces. 
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08 Jan 1938 WW2 Filipp Golikov was promtoed to the rank of lieutenant general. 
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08 Jan 1938 WW2 A Japanese-controlled newspaper in China published that the residents of Nanjing, China welcomed Chinese troops with joy, and the Japanese Army offered food and other aid to those in need. 
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08 Jan 1938 WW2 Japanese seaplane tender Kinugasa Maru departed Ryojun (Lushunkou), northeastern China with troops aboard. 
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09 Jan 1938 WW2 USS Marblehead departed Qingdao, Shandong Province, China for Yantai to the southwest. 
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09 Jan 1938 WW2 HMS Suffolk departed Qingdao, Shandong Province, China for the British colony of Weihaiwei to the east. 
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10 Jan 1938 WW2 Japanese Special Naval Landing Force troops landed in and near Qingdao, Shandong Province, China to reinforce the Japanese Army and Navy personnel already in the city. 
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11 Jan 1938 WW2 Bruce Fraser was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. 
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12 Jan 1938 WW2 Werner von Blomberg married Erna Gruhn, who was previously his stenographer. 
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12 Jan 1938 WW2 The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union met for the first time 
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12 Jan 1938 WW2 Chen Cheng was named the head of the political bureau of the Nationalist military and the commander-in-chief of the Wuhan garrison in Hubei, China. 
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12 Jan 1938 WW2 Andrey Andreyev was appointed Chairman of the Soviet of the Union, one of the two elected chambers of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, a post he would hold throughout WWII. 
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13 Jan 1938 WW2 US Navy and US Marine Corps began the Fleet Landing Exercise No. 4 at Culebra, Puerto Rico; it was to be the largest landing exercise participated by the USMC to date. 
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17 Jan 1938 WW2 Japanese Navy revealed requirements for the next generation of carrier fighters to representatives from Nakajima and Mitsubishi; Nakajima thought the requirements were impossible and dropped out of the race, while Mitsubishi was able to meet the requirements with its prototype A6M Type 0 fighter in 1939. 
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17 Jan 1938 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt began the March of Dimes campaign to fight poliomyelitis. 
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17 Jan 1938 WW2 Japanese Foreign Minister Koki Hirota's message to a diplomat stationed in the United States was intercepted by the Americans. In this message, he made note of the atrocities happening in Nanjing, China and compared the Japanese Army in Nanjing to those serving under Attila the Hun. 
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17 Jan 1938 WW2 The keel of Hammann was laid down by the Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company of Kearny, New Jersey, United States. 
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19 Jan 1938 WW2 George Fitch, an American missionary, departed Nanjing, China for Shanghai with 16-millimeter film containing scenes of Japanese atrocities secretly sewn into the lining of his jacket. 
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19 Jan 1938 WW2 Nikolai Voznesensky became the Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the Soviet Union. 
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20 Jan 1938 WW2 Werner von Blomberg took a break from his honeymoon in Capri, Italy and returned to his office in Berlin, Germany. 
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23 Jan 1938 WW2 The A-20 Havoc/DB-7 aircraft took its first flight. 
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24 Jan 1938 WW2 Fuju Han passed away. 
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24 Jan 1938 WW2 Alfried von Bohlen und Halbach's wife, Anneliese Bahr, gave birth to a son. 
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25 Jan 1938 WW2 German National Ministry of the Interior ordered that protective custody must be served in concentration camps and not in institutions of the justice department. 
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25 Jan 1938 WW2 Hermann Göring informed Adolf Hitler the shady past of Werner von Blomberg's new wife; Hitler dismissed Blomberg immediately but told him that he would call on him again if the country ever needed his service. 
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26 Jan 1938 WW2 Heinrich Himmler gave notice of comprehensive measures against "elements avoiding work"; employment offices were to report those capable of work who had declined job offers twice and those who left employment after a short time. 
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27 Jan 1938 WW2 Werner von Blomberg returned to his honeymoon in Capri, Italy. On the same day, he forced to resign and sent into exile by an infuriated Adolf Hitler following the revelation that his new wife had previously posed for pornographic photographs. 
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27 Jan 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler directed that a high priority was to be given to the "Z" plan proposal for the reconstruction of the Kriegsmarine. 
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28 Jan 1938 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt requested funding from the United States Congress to build a "Two-Ocean Navy". 
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30 Jan 1938 WW2 As reported by the International Committee later, in the Chinese capital of Nanjing at about 1700 hours, Mr. Sone of the Nanjing Theological Seminary was overwhelmed by several hundred women seeking shelter. "One old woman 62 years old went home near Hansimen and Japanese soldiers came at night and wanted to rape her. She said she was too old. So the soldiers rammed a stick up her. But she survived to come back." 
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01 Feb 1938 WW2 Koichi Shiozawa was named the commanding officer of the Japanese 5th Fleet. 
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01 Feb 1938 WW2 Robert von Greim was promoted to the rank of Generalmajor. 
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02 Feb 1938 WW2 Troops of Japanese No. 1 Yokosuka Special Naval Landing Force, 284 men, landed at Yantai, Shandong Province, China, supported by light cruiser Kuma (flagship of the operation). No. 5 Sasebo Special Naval Landing Force and No. 6 Sasebo Special Naval Landing Force would soon arrive to reinforce No. 1 Yokosuka Special Naval Landing Force, which met unexpected resistance. 
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02 Feb 1938 WW2 In the Soviet Union, the State General Planning Commission (Gosplan) was divided into two sections. The first, of four departments, dealt with major macro-economic variables, investment, finance and regional/sector planning. The second, of twenty departments, was responsible for each major industrial branch, foreign trade, food and communications. Gosplan could now claim to be overseeing the entire state economy with the right to dictate (to regional commissions) production targets and financial budgets. 
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03 Feb 1938 WW2 Japanese Special Naval Landing Force troops captured Yantai, Shandong Province, China. Japanese gunboats immediately entered the harbor to help eliminate the last pockets of Chinese resistance. 
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04 Feb 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler took direct control of the German military. 
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04 Feb 1938 WW2 The German cabinet met for the last time. 
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04 Feb 1938 WW2 Walther von Brauchitsch was promoted to the rank of Generaloberst. 
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04 Feb 1938 WW2 Franz von Papen received a call at his office in Vienna, Austria from Hans Lammers in Berlin, Germany, noting that Papen was to be relieved of his duties in Austria. Within days, however, Papen would return to duty as Adolf Hitler noticed an opportunity to take Austria. 
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04 Feb 1938 WW2 Japanese troops inspected the buildings of Ginling College, a school for women, in Nanjing, China, and took at least 20 women for their comfort houses. 
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04 Feb 1938 WW2 In Germany the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), Supreme command of the Armed Forces, was created with Wilhelm Keitel as its chief. 
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05 Feb 1938 WW2 By this date, the International Committee had forwarded to the Japanese embassy a total of 450 cases of murder, rape, and other crimes committed by Japanese soldiers which were observed by American, British, and German nationals in Nanjing, China and reported by their respective embassies. 
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07 Feb 1938 WW2 Spanish Nationalist cavalry attacked the Spanish Republican forces to the north of Teruel, Spain. 
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07 Feb 1938 WW2 Japanese General Iwane Matsui made a speech during a memorial service for troops of the Shanghai Expeditionary Force who were killed in combat. The speech included his order to "put an end to various reports affecting the prestige of the Japanese troops", referring to reports of atrocities committed by Japanese troops in Nanjing, China. Later on the same day he made an entry in his dairy noting that "I could only feel sadness and responsibility today, which has been overwhelmingly piercing my heart. This is caused by the Army's misbehaviors after the fall of Nanjing and failure to proceed with the autonomous government and other political plans." 
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10 Feb 1938 WW2 Tetsuzo Iwamoto was transferred to Nanjing, China. 
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10 Feb 1938 WW2 J. W. Gillan, commander of No. 111 Squadron RAF, made a flight between RAF Northolt, Middlesex, England, United Kingdom and RAF Turnhouse (now Edinburgh Airport) in Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom in a Hurricane fighter only 48 minutes, assisted by a 80mph tailwind. 
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11 Feb 1938 WW2 Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg secretly went to Salzburg, Austria by car for a meeting with German leaders. 
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11 Feb 1938 WW2 Deng Xihou was recalled from the front lines for staff positions in Sichuan Province, China. 
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12 Feb 1938 WW2 Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg crossed into Germany and was welcomed by Franz von Papen. Taken to Adolf Hitler's residence in Obersalzberg, München-Oberbayern, Germany, he was threatened with a ultimatum and was given three days to answer. 
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15 Feb 1938 WW2 Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg sent a message to Franz von Papen noting his acceptance to Adolf Hitler's demands given three days prior and probed Germany for any intention of maintaining Austrian sovereignty. 
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17 Feb 1938 WW2 Spanish Nationalist General Juan Yagüe's Moroccan forces crossed the River Alfambra in Spain, effectively cutting off Teruel from the north. 
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18 Feb 1938 WW2 Japanese Army and Navy aircraft began a 6-month-long aerial bombardment campaign against the Chinese temporary capital city of Chongqing. 
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18 Feb 1938 WW2 The Nanjing Safety Zone International Committee was renamed the Nanjing International Rescue Committee. 
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19 Feb 1938 WW2 The British cabinet rejected Foreign Secretary Eden's proposal to request Italy to withdraw its troops from Spain. The cabinet had hoped that the presence of Italian troops in Spain would discourage further German aggression. 
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19 Feb 1938 WW2 Lieutenant General Hisaichi Tanaka was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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20 Feb 1938 WW2 Spanish Nationalist forces had almost surrounded Teruel, Spain and the Spanish Republican armies were forced to retreat along the Valencia road to the southeast, leaving the Nationalists free to take the city. 
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20 Feb 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler assured the Deputies in the Reichstag that no problems existed between the National Socialist State and the German Armed Forces, while spoke about the German destiny to annex Austria. 
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21 Feb 1938 WW2 Douglas MacArthur's son, Arthur MacArthur IV, was born in Manila, Philippine Islands. 
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22 Feb 1938 WW2 Boris Shaposhnikov was awarded his second Order of the Red Star. 
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22 Feb 1938 WW2 Semyon Timoshenko was awarded the Order of Lenin for the first time. 
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22 Feb 1938 WW2 Kliment Voroshilov was awarded the Order of Lenin for the second time and received the medal commemorating "XX Years of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army". 
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24 Feb 1938 WW2 Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg made the "Red-white-red until we're dead" ("Rot-weiß-rot bis in den Tod") speech at the Austrian Bundestag in protest of German threat. In the country, protests both for and against Germany appeared; meanwhile, there was a run on the banks and tourists began to leave the country. 
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25 Feb 1938 WW2 Over Nanchang, China, Tetsuzo Iwamoto saw combat for the first time, claiming 3 confirmed and 1 probable kills. 
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26 Feb 1938 WW2 Princess Aisin Gioro Huisheng, daughter of Prince Pujie and niece of Emperor Kangde of the Japanese-sponsored puppet state of Manchukuo, was born. 
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27 Feb 1938 WW2 The US 2nd Marine Brigade headquarters and the US 6th Marine Regiment departed Shanghai, China. The US 4th Marine Regiment remained in Shanghai as the only American military unit there. 
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27 Feb 1938 RELIGIOUS English Bible expositor Arthur W. Pink wrote in a letter: 'Slackness and carelessness are inexcusable in a child of God. He should ever present a model and example of conscientiousness, painstaking care, and exactness.'
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28 Feb 1938 WW2 USS Perch entered the Bering Sea. 
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28 Feb 1938 WW2 US Marine Corps Lieutenant Colonel W. C. James organized a unit of 200 men at Beiping, China; the unit was to be deployed shortly after to relieve the US Army troops based in Tianjin, China. 
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28 Feb 1938 WW2 Japanese aircraft bombed Wuhan, Hubei, China, causing little damage. 
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28 Feb 1938 WW2 Kaga departed Yokosuka, Japan. 
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01 Mar 1938 WW2 William Halsey was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. 
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01 Mar 1938 WW2 Lieutenant General Kenzo Kitano was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea. 
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02 Mar 1938 WW2 The last US Army troops departed Tianjin, China; 200 US Marines remained in the city to guard American interests there. 
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02 Mar 1938 WW2 The Trial of the Twenty-one opened in Moscow, Russia, a show trial at the end of the Great purges against 21 prominent Bolsheviks accused of anti-Stalinist plots. 
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03 Mar 1938 WW2 Kaga arrived off Guangdong Province, China. 
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03 Mar 1938 WW2 Oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia. 
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03 Mar 1938 WW2 Curtiss-Wright designer Donovan Berlin presented his Hawk 81 design to leaders of the US Army Air Corps. 
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04 Mar 1938 WW2 Members of the Austrian Social Democratic Party offered help against German threat if the Austrian government would lift the ban on their party activities. Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg granted the request, but it was largely too late to make a difference. 
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05 Mar 1938 WW2 Iwane Matsui was recalled to Japan. 
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05 Mar 1938 WW2 The Hungarian Army, the Honvedseg, decided to embark upon a major rearmament programme (Hubs 1) and one thousand million pengos was allotted from the national budget with a significant amount assigned for the acquisition of light tanks for the new fast brigades. 
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05 Mar 1938 WW2 Joseph Stalin and the Politburo ordered the Military Collegium to sentence former VCheKa member Valentin Trifonov to death per the recommendation of the GUGB of the Soviet NKVD. 
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06 Mar 1938 WW2 Japanese troops reached the Yellow River in China. 
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06 Mar 1938 WW2 The modern Spanish Nationalist cruiser Baleares, which was escorting a convoy of merchant ships off the Mediterranean coast near Cartagena, Spain, was sunk by torpedoes launched by Spanish Republican destroyers during the Battle of Cape Palos. 
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07 Mar 1938 WW2 American surgeon Robert O. Wilson of the American-administered University Hospital in the Safety Zone in Nanjing, China wrote to his family, noting that "a conservative estimate of people slaughtered in cold blood is somewhere about 100,000, including of course thousands of soldiers that had thrown down their arms". 
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09 Mar 1938 WW2 With the failure of the Spanish Republican attack upon Teruel the Spanish Nationalists were now able to launch a new eastward offensive towards Aragon and Levante in Spain. The intention was to cut Republican Spain in half. The assault was launched with General Fidel Dávila in command. 
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09 Mar 1938 WW2 Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg announced that a plebiscite was to take place on 13 Mar 1938 to decide Austria's fate regarding the German threat. Upon learning the news, Adolf Hitler became furious. 
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10 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler ordered his military leaders to review Case Otto for the invasion against Austria. 
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11 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler formally issued a directive for the invasion of Austria, to be taken place on the following day. 
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12 Mar 1938 WW2 Germany declared, then affected by marching troops across the frontier, Anschluß with Austria. Hours later, Adolf Hitler visited Linz in the recently annexed Austria region of Germany; he met with the German-installed Austrian Chancellor Arthur Seyß-Inquart at this city to discuss details of the occupation. Ousted Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg was placed under house arrest. 
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13 Mar 1938 WW2 A Soviet decree made the teaching of the Russian language a compulsory subject in all schools across the USSR. 
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13 Mar 1938 WW2 Austrian Chancellor Arthur Seyß-Inquart claimed that Austrian President Wilhelm Miklas had resigned his post and consolidated the power of the president in the position of the chancellor; in actuality, Miklas had refused to resign. Meanwhile, Kurt Schuschnigg's small Fatherland's Front, a Fascist political party created in 1934 from the Christian Social Party, which had advocated Austrian independence along Italian Fascist lines, was disbanded; the Party leaders were either arrested by the Nazis or fled into exile. Later on this date, Hitler visited his parents' grave, then visited his hometown of Braunau and then returned to Linz to give a speech. 
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13 Mar 1938 WW2 Japanese aircraft bombed Nanzheng Airfield in Shaanxi Province, China. 
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14 Mar 1938 WW2 The French government reassured the Czechslovakian government that France would honor the terms of the alliance in the event of a German invasion. 
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14 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler arrived in Vienna in the recently annexed Austria region of Germany. The visit to Vienna, the Austrian capital, was intended to be for the first day of the occupation, but it was delayed until this date because Heinrich Himmler's organization could not complete the rounding up of all suspected elements in the city, and that many Heinz Guderian's tanks had broken down since crossing the German-Austrian border that slowed the progress of the military occupation of the region. In Britain, Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain noted that little could have been done in the previous few days to alter Hiter's intended course regarding Austria. 
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14 Mar 1938 WW2 The Japanese 10th Division, 10,000 men in strength, began an offensive from Shandong Province in China toward Jiangsu Province to the south. The first clashes took place on the same day at Tengxian in Jiangsu Province. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Mingzhang Wang passed away. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Stalin's rival, Nikolai Bukharin, was shot following his conviction as a counter-revolutionary terrorist. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Fleet Landing Exercise No. 4 at Culebra, Puerto Rico was completed; it was the largest landing exercise participated by the United States Marine Corps to date. On the same date, the exercise Fleet Problem XIX began in US Territory of Hawaii, also participated by US Navy and US Marine Corps personnel. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Salmon was commissioned into service. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 At a speech in the Heldenplatz in Vienna, Adolf Hitler formally announced the "re-unificatrion" of Austria with the rest of Germany. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler stayed at the Hotel Imperial in Vienna, Austria. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 2,000 Chinese troops of the 364th Brigade dug in at Tengxian in Jiangsu Province in China, 75 miles north of the city of Xuzhou, against a 10,000-strong Japanese offensive. The Chinese bolstered its ranks by beginning to conscript and train nearly 1,000 police, militiamen, and other able-bodied men from the region. 
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15 Mar 1938 WW2 The Soviet Military Collegium sentenced former VCheKa member Valentin Trifonov to death; Trifonov was executed within hours. 
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16 Mar 1938 WW2 Italian aircraft based in Majorca began a three-day around-the-clock bombing campaign on the Spanish city of Barcelona. Meanwhile, Spanish Nationalists forced the Spanish Republicans to retreat up to 60 miles during the offensive toward Aragon and Levante in Spain. 
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16 Mar 1938 WW2 Benito Mussolini, previously a proponent of Austrian independence, stated his support for the recently affected German occupation of Austria. 
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16 Mar 1938 WW2 The full Japanese offensive against Tengxian, Jiangsu Province, China began at 0800 hours with a bombardment by mountain guns and aircraft. Japanese troops attempted multiple times to rush into the town via collapsed portions of the city wall, but most of the attackers were cut down by Chinese troops. The east gate was taken at 1700 hours, but it was recaptured by the Chinese at 2000 hours. Through the night, 1,000 men from the Chinese 370th and 372nd Battalions were able to sneak into the town as reinforcement. 
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17 Mar 1938 WW2 The Soviet Union requested a meeting with the western powers to limit further German aggression in Europe. Such a meeting would never materialize. 
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17 Mar 1938 WW2 At 0600 hours, Japanese troops began a 2-hour bombardment on Tengxian, Jiangsu Province, China. At 0800 hours, multiple attacks began from all directions of the town. After suffering very high casualties, Japanese troops captured the west and south gates on the city wall by 1700 hours. Chinese troops on the east gate refused to fall back and fought until they could no longer hold the line; they committed mass-suicide by grenades. Overnight, Chinese troops began to withdraw troops out of Tengxian, marching them to the city Xuzhou 75 miles to the south, which was the Japanese main target of the offensive. 
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18 Mar 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Tengxian, Jiangsu Province, China after a two-day battle. The Chinese 31st Division began to march out of Xucheng, Henan Province for Xuzhou area, Jiangsu Province. 
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18 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini met at the Brenner Pass on the Italian-Austrian border; Mussolini agreed to enter a war on the side of Germany at an opportune moment. 
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18 Mar 1938 WW2 The British Chief of Naval Staff recommended the transfer of HMS Apollo to Australia. 
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18 Mar 1938 WW2 The British Chief of Naval Staff recommended the transfer of HMS Amphion to Australia. 
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20 Mar 1938 WW2 Elements of the Japanese 10th Division captured Hanzhuang, Jiangsu Province, China, but Chinese troops halted the offensive just beyond the town. To the east, troops of the same division captured Yixian. The divisional headquarters was established at Yixian for further operations. 
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21 Mar 1938 WW2 The female prisoners at Moringen Concentration Camps were transferred to the Lichtenburg Concentration Camp, which was a camp exclusively for women prisoners. 
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21 Mar 1938 WW2 The Chinese 31st Division arrived at Jiangsu Province in response of a Japanese attack. 
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22 Mar 1938 WW2 Japanese troops began to march toward Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province, China, where the Chinese set up an advanced defensive position to guard the major city of Xuzhou to the south. 
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23 Mar 1938 WW2 At 0900 hours, Japanese troops wiped out Chinese outposts north of Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province. Meanwhile, the Chinese 27th Division arrived at Tai'erzhuang and bolstered the defense's right flank. 
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24 Mar 1938 WW2 British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain rejected the Soviet request to form an international bloc to contain German aggression. 
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24 Mar 1938 WW2 Chiang Kaishek inspected troops at Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. He personally appointed Bai Chongxi and Lin Weizu as staff officers of the 5th War Area. 
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24 Mar 1938 WW2 Japanese artillery began bombardment the city walls of Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province. Japanese troops attempted to rush into collapsed areas of the wall, but such attacks were driven back after suffering great casualties. Overnight, General Sun Lianzhong visited the town under the cover of darkness, and decided to transfer several field guns and armored vehicles to bolster defenses. 
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25 Mar 1938 WW2 The Evian Conference, called for by US President Franklin Roosevelt, was held in Evian, France to discuss the arrangement of homes for Jewish refugees who had fled from Germany. Ultimately the conference would result in nothing. 
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25 Mar 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler gave a speech at Königsberg, Germany; the approval of the annexation of Austria was his main concern. 
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25 Mar 1938 WW2 Chinese troops stumbled upon the Japanese artillery position near Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province and scattered Japanese gun crews, forcing the Japanese to move 1,000 men and 20 light tanks from the main assault force to deal with this surprise. 
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25 Mar 1938 WW2 Submarine Scirè entered Italian Navy service. 
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27 Mar 1938 WW2 A Do 18W flying boat established a seaplane record flying non-stop in a straight distance of 8,391 kilometers from Start Point, Devon, England, United Kingdom to Caravelas, Brazil. 
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27 Mar 1938 WW2 Japanese troops began to enter the town of Tai'erzhuang in Jiangsu Province; Chinese troops forced the Japanese to fight for every block. 
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28 Mar 1938 WW2 Incorporated Jewish congregations in Germany were legally deprived of their corporate status. 
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28 Mar 1938 WW2 Konrad Henlein met with Adolf Hitler and received instructions to demand more than what the Czechoslovakian government could provide. 
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28 Mar 1938 WW2 Before dawn, troops of Chinese 9th Battalion of 186th Regiment launched nearly suicidal charges against Japanese positions at Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province in an attempt to drive Japanese out of the town. The attemps were largely unsuccessful, especially after the arrival of Japanese armor cars and light tanks at 0700 hours. By nightfall, casualties were so great on the Chinese side that all auxiliary units were forced to pick up arms and operated as combat units. 
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28 Mar 1938 WW2 Zheng Xiaoxu passed away in Xinjing, puppet state of Manchukuo (now Changchun, Jilin Province, China). 
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29 Mar 1938 WW2 Chiang Kaishek was made the Director-General of the Nationalist Party in China. He would hold this position until his death. 
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30 Mar 1938 WW2 For the first time in the Battle of Tai'erzhuang, Chinese aircraft appeared, destroying 11 vehicles with fighters and attacked troop concentrations with bombers. They were, however, unable to counter the Japanese dive bombers that attacked the northwestern sector of the town in the afternoon. 
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30 Mar 1938 WW2 Benito Mussolini created the new military rank of First Marshal of the Empire for himself and King Vittorio Emanuele III thereby empowering himself with the joint High Command of all Italian armed forces. 
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31 Mar 1938 WW2 Asagumo was commissioned into service. 
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31 Mar 1938 WW2 HMS Edinburgh was launched. 
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31 Mar 1938 WW2 The keel of cruiser HMS Mauritius was laid down by Swan Hunter at Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, England, United Kingdom. 
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01 Apr 1938 WW2 Hiroaki Abe was transferred out of battleship Fuso. 
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01 Apr 1938 WW2 Chinese guerrilla fighters destroyed a Japanese field supply dump at Zaozhuang, Jiangsu Province by setting it afire. 
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03 Apr 1938 WW2 Lerida, Catalonia, Spain surrendered to Spanish Nationalist forces. 
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03 Apr 1938 WW2 Major fighting in Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province, China caused hundreds of civilian deaths. Unable to secure permission to withdraw from the city, Chinese General Sun Liren promised his men that he would remain in the city with the rest of the troops. 
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04 Apr 1938 WW2 At 2100 hours, Chinese troops mounted attacks against Japanese positions in Tai'erzhuang, Jiangsu Province, China, with support from field guns. Japanese attempts to reinforce the positions were tied down by carefully planned Chinese maneuvers. 
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04 Apr 1938 WW2 While off Guangdong Province, China, Kaga's aircraft which had detached from the carrier in late 1937 were reassigned back to her. 
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05 Apr 1938 WW2 Troops from the Chinese First War Area arrived at Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, and immediately launched a counter offensive toward embattled town of Tai'erzhuang. 
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06 Apr 1938 WW2 Battle of Tai'erzhuang: At 1530 hours, unable to defend against the Chinese counter offensive launched on the previous day, Japanese troops began to withdraw from the Jiangsu Province town, abandoning ammunition and heavy equipment in their wake. 
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06 Apr 1938 WW2 The United States recognized the German occupation of Austria. 
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06 Apr 1938 WW2 P-39 Airacobra took its first flight at Wright Field, Ohio, United States. 
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09 Apr 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler arrived in Vienna in the recently annexed Austria region of Germany to gather support for the plebiscite of the following day. 
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09 Apr 1938 WW2 Chinese troops drove Japanese forces out of the Tai'erzhuang region in Jiangsu Province, China, ending the battle. Chiang Kaishek gave the order to pursue and destroy all fleeing Japanese troops, but local commanders disobeyed, opting to give their troops some time to rest after three weeks of non-stop fighting. 
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09 Apr 1938 WW2 German 1st Mountain Division was established. 
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10 Apr 1938 WW2 At the Reichstag elections a single ballot paper also required voters to approve the union with Austria. There was much vote rigging by local Party officials to ensure Hitler got the result he wanted. 
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11 Apr 1938 WW2 Prince Kotohito, Chief of Japanese Army General Staff, signed Directive No. 11 authorizing the use of poison gas in the Inner Mongolia region of China. 
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13 Apr 1938 WW2 Switzerland requested Germany not to issue passports to Austrian Jews, or to issue different passports (the later "'J' passports") to Austrian Jews so that they could be readily identified at the border and denied entry when necessary. 
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13 Apr 1938 WW2 Kaga launched 18 D1A2 bombers at 0830 hours, with 6 fighters in escort, to attack Tienhe airfield near Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Gladiator fighters of Chinese 28th Pursuit Squadron and 29th Pursuit Squadron intercepted the group, shooting down 2 A4N1 fighters and 2 D1A2 bombers; 4 Chinese fighters were also lost in combat. 
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14 Apr 1938 WW2 Werner Mölders arrived in Cádiz, Spain by sea. 
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15 Apr 1938 WW2 Vinaroz, a village about half-way between Valencia and Barcelona on the Mediterranean coast of Spain, was captured by Spanish Nationalist forces, thus cutting Republican Spain in half. 
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19 Apr 1938 WW2 The first of four pre-production Messerschmitt Bf 110B-01 fighters powered by two Junkers Jumo 210Ga engines took to the air, despite the misgiving of senior Luftwaffe officers who had been overruled by Hermann Göring. 
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20 Apr 1938 WW2 The Ki-36 liaison aircraft took its first flight. 
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20 Apr 1938 WW2 The US 2nd Marine Brigade of the Fleet Marine Force arrived at San Diego, California, United States from Shanghai, China. 
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20 Apr 1938 WW2 A British purchasing mission led by Air Commodore Arthur Harris visited the United States to select suitable aircraft for use by the RAF in its expansion programme. The first aircraft selected were the Lockheed Hudson and the North American Harvard, 200 of each being ordered at a cost of US$ 5.4 million. 
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21 Apr 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler summoned Wilhelm Keitel to begin the discussion of turning Case Green into an actual operation against Czechoslovakia. 
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22 Apr 1938 WW2 Germany passed laws requiring that properties worth more than 5,000 Reichsmarks be registered with the government. 
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24 Apr 1938 WW2 The Nazi-aligned Sudeten German Party issued the Carlsbad Decrees, demanding autonomy for Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia. 
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26 Apr 1938 WW2 Germany enacted a law that required authorization for Jews to sell or rent a company. 
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29 Apr 1938 WW2 Tetsuzo Iwamoto shot down several Chinese fighters in combat. 
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29 Apr 1938 WW2 Japanese aircraft attacked Wuhan, Hubei, China; Chinese fighters shot down 21 Japanese aircraft at cost of only 12 aircraft lost. 
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30 Apr 1938 WW2 Japanese captured the Chinese city of Xuzhou. 
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30 Apr 1938 WW2 The training exercise Fleet Problem XIX, which was held in US Territory of Hawaii, was completed. 
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01 May 1938 WW2 Spanish leader Dr. Negrin tried to sue for peace but General Franco demanded nothing less than unconditional surrender in the Spanish Civil War. 
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03 May 1938 WW2 Construction began in Germany for the Flossenburg Concentration Camp. 
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03 May 1938 WW2 HMS Afridi was commissioned into Royal Navy service with Captain G. H. Creswell as her first commanding officer. 
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03 May 1938 WW2 The German diplomats in London, England, United Kingdom reported that the British and the French were likely to support the German bid for the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia in order to avoid war. 
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07 May 1938 WW2 The United Kingdom and France urged Czechoslovakia to make concessions to Germany over the issue of Sudetenland. 
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09 May 1938 WW2 Leader of the Sudeten Nazi Party Konrad Henlein cut off communications with the Czechoslovakian government. 
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10 May 1938 WW2 Japanese 5th Fleet under the command of Admiral Koichi Shiozawa arrived the port city of Xiamen, China, delivering 2,000 Special Naval Landing Force troops near Fort Baishi, but outside of the range of the Chinese coastal guns. Chinese troops abandoned the fort. 
0
10 May 1938 WW2 Tenryu provided naval gunfire support for the amphibious assault at Xiamen, China. 
0
11 May 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured the Hulishan and Baishi forts at Xiamen, China. 
0
12 May 1938 WW2 Enterprise was commissioned into service. 
0
12 May 1938 WW2 Joachim von Ribbentrop instructed Konrad Henlein on how to speak with the British on the Czechoslovakia situation. 
0
12 May 1938 WW2 During the night, Chinese troops abandoned Xiamen, China for nearby Songyu; thousands of civilians attempted to evacuate the city, 60,000 of whom would make their way to Gulangyu island, which was an international zone. Shortly after the departure of the Chinese troops, Japanese Special Naval Landing Force troops would arrive to capture the city; they would later be relieved by Jinmen Garrision of the Japanese 1st Garrison Unit. 
0
12 May 1938 RELIGIOUS In Holland, the four-day convention at Utrecht ended, at which the Provisional Constitution for the World Council of Churches was adopted.
0
14 May 1938 WW2 Hiroshi Nemoto was placed in charge of the Special Operations Department of the Japanese North China Area Army. 
0
16 May 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler asked his top commanders how many German divisions were on the border with Czechoslovakia and were ready to move within a twelve hour window. The answer he received was twelve. 
0
17 May 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler asked for the latest intelligence report on Czechoslovakian border defenses. 
0
19 May 1938 WW2 Two B-10 (pilots Xu Huansheng and Tong Yanbo) and one He 111A (pilot Chen Yifan) bombers of Chinese Air Force took off from Hankou, Hubei Province, China for a leaflet mission over Kumamoto, Fukuoka, and other southern Japanese cities. The leaflets detailed atrocities commited by Japanese troops in China. This was Chinese Air Force's first mission over foreign territory. All three aircraft evaded Japanese air defenses and returned to Hankou safely. 
0
20 May 1938 WW2 German military leaders updated the Case Green military scenario. Meanwhile, Czechoslovakian officials in Prague sent Germany a telegram demanding explanation on the arrival of German troops in Saxony near the border; the information that the Czechoslovakians had regarding the German troop movement was either inaccurate, or the Czechoslovakians had intercepted German messages regarding Case Green and were testing the Germans to confirm their suspicions. On the same day, Czechoslovakian military partially mobilized along the German border. 
0
21 May 1938 WW2 Gneisenau was commissioned into service. 
0
21 May 1938 WW2 British Ambassador Nevile Henderson met with German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop twice in Berlin, Germany on this date in regards to the tension over Czechoslovakia. British Foreign Minister Lord Halifax likewise met with German Ambassador Herbert von Dirksen in Berlin, Germany. 
0
23 May 1938 WW2 German Ambassador Herbert von Dirksen in London, England, United Kingdom noted that Germany had no intention of military aggression over Czechoslovakia. 
0
24 May 1938 WW2 Werner Mölders became the commanding officer of the 3rd Squadron of Jagdgruppe 88 in Spain. 
0
28 May 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler ordered the military to prepare for an invasion of Czechoslovakia and ordered the mobilization of 96 divisions; the preparation was to complete by 2 Oct 1938. 
0
28 May 1938 WW2 Ousted Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg, who had been under house arrest since 12 Mar 1938, was moved to the Gestapo headquarters in Vienna, occupied Austria. 
0
28 May 1938 WW2 Japanese bombers attacked Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, killing 750 and wounding 1,350. 
0
30 May 1938 WW2 German generals updated the Case Green military scenario, which was now being used as an invasion plan for Czechoslovakia. 
0
30 May 1938 WW2 Hideki Tojo stepped down as the chief of staff of Kenkichi Ueda (Japanese Kwantung Army in northeastern China). 
0
31 May 1938 WW2 Garland entered drydocks at Sheerness, England, United Kingdom for a scheduled overhaul and repairs on her low-pressure turbines. 
0
01 Jun 1938 WW2 British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain told journalists that Sudeten Germans should be given more independence. 
0
01 Jun 1938 WW2 Dong Zhao was named the deputy commander of anti-air defenses of Shaanxi Province. 
0
01 Jun 1938 WW2 The German Army established an airborne battalion, two years after the Luftwaffe. 
0
03 Jun 1938 WW2 Seishiro Itagaki was appointed the War Minister of Japan. 
0
03 Jun 1938 WW2 Ludwig Beck sent a message to German Army chief Walther von Brauchitsch, noting his concern that an invasion of Czechoslovakia would trigger military reaction by the western powers, which would spell doom for Germany. 
0
04 Jun 1938 WW2 30 to 40 Japanese bombers attacked Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, causing an estimated 2,000 casualties (700 deaths). 
0
05 Jun 1938 WW2 Ernst Udet claimed the 100-km closed-circuit landplane speed record flying the Heinkel He 100 V2 aircraft. 
0
06 Jun 1938 WW2 Germany enacted laws to exclude Jews from commercial and industrial jobs. 
0
06 Jun 1938 WW2 Nashville was commissioned into service. 
0
08 Jun 1938 WW2 US Ambassador to Tokyo Joseph Grew issued a protest to the Japanese government for the bombing of Lingnan University in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; the French government also issued a protest for recent attacks on a French hospital in Guangzhou. In Shanghai, China, Rear Admiral Noda Kiyoshi, who was in charge of Japanese Navy's public relations, announced that "our aviators are doing their best to avoid hitting non-combatants." 
0
08 Jun 1938 WW2 German businessman John Rabe sent a letter, a detailed report, and a roll of film (shot by US missionary George Fitch) to Adolf Hitler in the hopes that Germany would be able to influence Japan to cease the brutal treatment of the Chinese population. Rabe was unexpected threatened by the Gestapo several days later, warning him to remain quiet on this topic. 
0
09 Jun 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler received an intelligence report on Czechoslovakian weapons and defensive installations. 
0
09 Jun 1938 WW2 The main synagogue in München (Munich) in southern Germany was demolished. 
0
11 Jun 1938 WW2 Japanese troops began to march for Wuhan, Hubei, China. 
0
12 Jun 1938 WW2 Japanese 11th Army captured the airfield outside of Anqing, Anhui, China. 
0
13 Jun 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Anqing, Anhui, China. 
0
14 Jun 1938 WW2 Germany enacted laws requiring Jews to register their businesses. 
0
14 Jun 1938 WW2 HMS Cossack (L03) was commissioned into service with Captain D. De Pass in command. 
0
14 Jun 1938 WW2 Spanish Nationalist forces captured Castellon de la Plana, Spain, 40 miles north of Valencia. Spanish Republican resistance was, however, increasing and the Nationalists brought the offensive to a halt in order to allow time for their troops to rest and re-equip before the attack on Valencia. 
0
15 Jun 1938 WW2 The United States Congress passed the Fair Labor Standards Act, which was the country's first effort at establishing a minimum hourly wage (US$0.25) and a maximum number of weekly work hours (44 hours). 
0
15 Jun 1938 WW2 The Spanish Republican gunboat Laya was sunk by Spanish Nationalist aircraft at Valencia, Spain. 
0
15 Jun 1938 WW2 1,500 previously-convicted Jews, including minor offenses such as traffic violations, were sent to concentration camps in Germany. 
0
15 Jun 1938 WW2 USS Enterprise conducted her first air operation. 
0
17 Jun 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Qianshan County, Anhui Province, China. 
0
18 Jun 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler ensured his military leaders that there was no danger of a pre-emptive attack by the British over the matter of Czechoslovakia. 
0
18 Jun 1938 WW2 Rensuke Isogai was named the chief of staff of Kenkichi Ueda (Japanese Kwantung Army in northeastern China). 
0
18 Jun 1938 WW2 Joseph Rochefort was assigned to heavy cruiser New Orleans as the navigator. 
0
21 Jun 1938 WW2 The British Minister of Parliament for Derby P. J. Noel-Baker spoke at the House of Commons against aerial bombing of German cities based on moral grounds. "The only way to prevent atrocities from the air is to abolish air warfare and national air forces altogether." 
0
22 Jun 1938 WW2 McCall was commissioned into service. 
0
22 Jun 1938 WW2 Germany passed a labor conscription law that guaranteed employment but also removed job freedom. 
0
23 Jun 1938 WW2 US President Roosevelt approved a measure which specified the size of the active list of the US Marine Corps to be 2% of the active US Navy enlisted men. This act slightly increased the authorized strength of the US Marine Corps from 27,400 to 27,497. 
0
23 Jun 1938 WW2 Sir Henry Self, Contracts director at the British Air Ministry, signed a order with Lockheed for 175 Model B14 Hudson aircraft with a provision for a maximum of 250 by December 1939. It was the largest British military order placed with a US Company to date. 
0
24 Jun 1938 WW2 Japanese reached Madang, Jiangxi Province, China. 
0
25 Jun 1938 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt signed the Fair Labor Standards Act, establishing minimum wages and maximum work hours in the United States. 
0
26 Jun 1938 WW2 Japanese Special Naval Landing Force troops landed behind Chinese lines at Madang, Jiangxi Province, China and captured the town. 
0
28 Jun 1938 WW2 British Secretary of State for War, Leslie Hore-Belisha, announced in the House of Commons that the two existing Territorial Army anti-aircraft Divisions would be expanded to five, raising their strength from 43,000 to 100,000. These five divisions would be under a Corps Commander with the rank of Lieutenant-General and, at the War Office, there would be another Lieutenant-General with the title of "Deputy Chief of the Imperial General Staff for Anti-Aircraft and Coast Defence". The latter would be responsible for co-ordinating all aspects of organisation and equipment, whilst the former would be responsible for training and the acquisition and siting of guns and searchlight equipment. 
0
29 Jun 1938 WW2 Repair ship Akashi was launched. 
0
29 Jun 1938 WW2 British cruiser HMS Amphion was recommissioned as Australian cruiser HMAS Perth at Portsmouth, England, United Kingdom. 
0
30 Jun 1938 WW2 The active duty strength of the US Marine Corps was reported to be 1,359 oficers and 16,97 enlisted men for the total of 18,365. 
0
30 Jun 1938 WW2 USS Skipjack was commissioned into service, Lieutenant Herman Sall in command. 
0
30 Jun 1938 WW2 Camicia Nera was commissioned into service. 
0
01 Jul 1938 WW2 George Patton was promoted to the permanent rank of colonel. 
0
01 Jul 1938 WW2 The Naval Reserve Act of 1938 became effective. The act established the US Marine Corps Reserve, which was to consist of the Fleet Marine Corps Reserve, the Organized Marine Corps Reserve, and the Volunteer-Marine Corps Reserve. 
0
01 Jul 1938 WW2 Roger Backhouse was made First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp to King George VI. 
0
01 Jul 1938 WW2 Tenryu supported the landing of Japanese troops near Guangzhou, China. 
0
03 Jul 1938 WW2 French colonial troops of Vietnamese ethnicity occupied the Paracel Islands (Chinese: Xisha Islands) in the South China Sea. China and Japan both protested the occupation. 
0
03 Jul 1938 WW2 Kenkichi Ueda, Japanaese ambassador to the puppet nation of Manchukuo, arrived in Lushun to dedicate the ground-breaking ceremony of a grand Shinto shrine in Lushun, Liaoning Province, China. 
0
04 Jul 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Hukou, Jiangxi Province, China, near the border with Anhui Province. 
0
06 Jul 1938 WW2 Japanese minelayer Kamome struck a mine in the Yangtze River off Pengze, Jiangxi Province, China; she was towed away for repairs. 
0
07 Jul 1938 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at San Francisco, California, United States. 
0
11 Jul 1938 WW2 HMAS Albatross was recommissioned into service at Sydney, Australia to take a crew to the United Kingdom to man the cruiser soon-to-be transferred to Australia as HMAS Hobart. Albatross would departed Sydney later on the same day. 
0
11 Jul 1938 WW2 The Japanese Navy issued Order No. 261 to raise sunken Chinese light cruisers Ninghai and Pinghai at Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China. 
0
14 Jul 1938 WW2 Léon Geismar was named the acting Governor-General of French West Africa. 
0
14 Jul 1938 WW2 Japanese diplomats in Moscow, Russia demanded that Russian troops be removed from Bezymyannaya (Shachaofeng) and Zaozernaya (Changkufeng), west of Lake Khasan and Vladivostok in a contested region on the northeastern Chinese border. The Soviets rejected Japanese demands, citing Japanese violation of the First Convention of Peking of 1860 by occupying Chinese territory. 
0
15 Jul 1938 WW2 Werner Mölders scored his first aerial victory near Algar, Spain; the victim was an I-15 fighter. 
0
15 Jul 1938 WW2 Hiroshi Nemoto was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General while in China. 
0
15 Jul 1938 WW2 Representatives from the United States, United Kingdom, France, and 29 other nations met at Évian-les-Bains, France to discuss the issue of Jewish refugees fleeing out of Germany; no solid conclusion was reached. 
0
15 Jul 1938 WW2 Crown Prince Yi Un was promoted to the rank of major general in the Japanese Army. 
0
15 Jul 1938 WW2 General Kotaro Nakamura was named the commanding officer of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea, relieving Kuniaki Koiso. 
0
16 Jul 1938 WW2 Ludwig Beck sent another message to German Army chief Walther von Brauchitsch, noting his concern that an invasion of Czechoslovakia would trigger military reaction by the western powers, which would spell doom for Germany. He also included in this message that Brauchitsch should incite German Army generals to resign en masse in protest of Adolf Hitler's reckless invasion plan. 
0
16 Jul 1938 WW2 HMS Hermes was transferred from the Reserve Fleet for training duties at Devonport, England, United Kingdom. 
0
18 Jul 1938 WW2 USS Enterprise departed Norfolk, Virginia, United States for her shakedown cruise. 
0
19 Jul 1938 WW2 Ludwig Beck met with German Army chief Walther von Brauchitsch, attempting to persuade him to use his influence to put a stop to the invasion of Czechoslovakia. He also offered suggestions on what he thought Adolf Hitler's government should be doing, mainly social and civil concerns, instead of provoking war at this stage of Germany's rearmament. 
0
20 Jul 1938 WW2 Captain Chozo Suzuki was named the commanding officer of Settsu. 
0
21 Jul 1938 WW2 Germany passed laws requiring Jews to carry identification cards, effective 1 Jan 1939. 
0
23 Jul 1938 WW2 The Namita Detachment of the Japanese 11th Army Group landed east of Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China. 
0
24 Jul 1938 WW2 In Spain, in order to relieve pressure on the Madrid defences and to divert the Spanish Nationalist offensive directed at Valencia, Spanish Republican General Juan Modesto's newly formed Republican Army of the Ebro launched an offensive across the River Ebro. Initially the attack forced the Nationalists, commanded by General Juan Yagüe, to retreat, but after having advanced up to 25 miles in places, the Republicans dug in to await the Nationalist counter-attack. 
0
24 Jul 1938 WW2 The 6th Division of the Japanese 11th Army Group attacked Taihu County, Anhui, China. 
0
25 Jul 1938 WW2 Chitose was commissioned into service. 
0
25 Jul 1938 WW2 Chiyoda was commissioned into service. 
0
25 Jul 1938 WW2 Several officers and men of USS Enterprise participated in a parade in Ponce, Puerto Rico, during which several Puerto Rican nationalists disrupted parade with gunfire. 
0
26 Jul 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China. 
0
27 Jul 1938 WW2 Japanese 106th Division marched south from Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China. 
0
28 Jul 1938 WW2 Germany passed laws revoking medical certifications of Jewish doctors, effective 30 Sep 1938; thereafter Jewish doctors could only serve as nurses for Jewish patients. 
0
28 Jul 1938 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at Yokohama, Japan. 
0
28 Jul 1938 WW2 Garland exited drydocks at Sheerness, England, United Kingdom. 
0
29 Jul 1938 WW2 Japanese and Russian troops clashed on the border region between Manchukuo and Russia, starting the Battle of Lake Khasan. 
0
31 Jul 1938 WW2 Japanese 19th Division and Manchukuo puppet units defeated the Soviet 39th Rifle Corps during a night battle during the Battle of Lake Khasan. 
0
01 Aug 1938 WW2 Jewish medical doctors in Germany lost the right to insurance. 
0
01 Aug 1938 WW2 Xue Yue took command of the Chinese 1st Army and was tasked with defending Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. 
0
02 Aug 1938 WW2 Soviet reinforcements arrived in the Lake Khasan region where Soviet and Japanese troops had engaged in battle for the few days. 
0
03 Aug 1938 WW2 The 6th Division of the Japanese 11th Army Group captured Taihu County, Anhui, China. 
0
03 Aug 1938 WW2 The United Kingdom dispatched a mediator to Czechoslovakia in an attempt to persuade the Czechoslovakian leadership to cede Sudetenland. 
0
04 Aug 1938 WW2 The first Spitfire fighter deployed into service went to No. 19 Squadron RAF. The squadron reported good performance, but the fighter had leaks and the engine was difficult to start. 
0
04 Aug 1938 WW2 The Catholicate of Echmiatsin of Armenia was closed on the order of the Soviet government. 
0
04 Aug 1938 WW2 Japanese and Chinese troops clashed at Jinjiashan, Maanshan, and Datianshan south of Jiujiang in Jiangxi Province, China. 
0
05 Aug 1938 WW2 Maury was commissioned into service. 
0
05 Aug 1938 WW2 Dong Zhao was named the commanding officer of the 16th Corps. 
0
05 Aug 1938 WW2 In the morning, Japanese troops captured Huangdanao, Manashan, and Laohushan in Jiangxi Province, China. 
0
06 Aug 1938 WW2 British Ambassador to Germany Nevile Henderson noted to German diplomats that the United Kingdom would not risk British lives over Czechoslovakia. 
0
06 Aug 1938 WW2 Japanese and Chinese troops clashed at Jinjiashan, Jinguanqiao, and Dengjiahe in Jiangxi Province, China, exchanging territories repeatedly throughout the day. 
0
07 Aug 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Dengjiahe in Jiangxi Province, China. 
0
08 Aug 1938 WW2 The building of Mauthausen Concentration Camp in Austria began. 
0
08 Aug 1938 WW2 Troops of 90th Division of Chinese 4th Corps repulsed Japanese assaults at Shizishan, Muopanshan, and Jiaojiashankou in Jiangxi Province, China. On the same day, 15th Division of Chinese 8th Corps captured Datianshan, Jiangxi. After dark, Japanese troops attacked Maanshan. 
0
09 Aug 1938 WW2 Soviet troops drove Japanese out of the Lake Khasan region on the northeastern Chinese border. 
0
10 Aug 1938 WW2 The Namita Detachment of the Japanese 11th Army Group and the Japanese 9th Division attacked Ruichang, Jiangxi, China, defended by the Chinese 3rd Army Company and the Chinese 32nd Army Group. 
0
10 Aug 1938 WW2 American gunboat USS Luzon, with US Ambassador Nelson Johnson on board, arrived at Chongqing, China. 
0
10 Aug 1938 WW2 The main synagogue at Nürnberg, Germany was destroyed. 
0
11 Aug 1938 WW2 The Battle of Lake Khasan ended indecisively. During this battle, 717 Soviet troops were killed, 75 were missing, and 2,752 were wounded. 526 Japanese and Manchukuo troops were killed and 916 were wounded. 
0
11 Aug 1938 WW2 A specially prepared Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor aircraft "Brandenburg" (D-ACON), flown by Deutsche Luft Hansa Captains Henke and von Moreau, landed at Floyd Bennett Field, New York, United States, having made the 3,958-mile nonstop journey from Berlin via Hamburg, Glasgow, Newfoundland and Halifax in a record-breaking flight time of 24 hours and 36 minutes. 
0
12 Aug 1938 WW2 The German military was mobilized. 
0
13 Aug 1938 WW2 Sokrushitelnyi was commissioned into service. 
0
15 Aug 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler announced to his military leaders that he intended to resolve the Czechoslovakian situation with force. 
0
17 Aug 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler ordered that, in time of war, guard duties of concentration camps would be carried out by older members of the general SS; SS members older than the age of 45 began training for guard duties shortly after. 
0
17 Aug 1938 WW2 Hitler issued a decree confirming Himmler's control over the armed SS in peacetime. 
0
17 Aug 1938 WW2 Germany passed laws requiring Jews to add either "Israel" or "Sara" to their names, effective 1 Jan 1939. 
0
18 Aug 1938 WW2 3 Chinese Hawk 75 and 7 Chinese I-15 fighters intercepted 27 Japanese bombers over Hengyang, Hunan, China, shooting down 1 Japanese bomber and damaging another but losing 1 Hawk 75 fighter. The remaining two Hawk 75 fighters crashed while landing. 
0
18 Aug 1938 WW2 In Berlin, Germany, Colonel-General Ludwig Beck was forced to resign as Chief of the Army General Staff because of his consistent opposition to Adolf Hitler's decision to attack Czechosovakia. 
0
19 Aug 1938 WW2 Chinese 27th Army and the Chinese 59th Corps fell back from the defensive line at Huang River, Hubei Province, China. In Jiangxi Province, Japanese 101st Division began landing troops at Xinzi. 
0
20 Aug 1938 WW2 USS Enterprise crossed the Equator off Brazil. 
0
20 Aug 1938 WW2 Japanese 106th Division under Yasuji Okamura and the Japanese 101st Division launched an offensive in Jiangxi Province, China in an attempt to cut off Chinese troops in Nanxun and Wuning Railway. Chinese troops withdrew from Xinzi, Jiangxi Province after sundown, falling back toward Yikou. 
0
21 Aug 1938 WW2 Japanese 10th Division captured Luoshan, Hubei Province and Xinzi, Jiangxi Province in China. 
0
23 Aug 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler hosted Hungarian Regent Miklós Horthy at Kiel, Germany in an attempt to recruit him to assist in the aggression against Czechoslovakia; Hitler offered him Czechoslovakian territory for his help. 
0
24 Aug 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Ruichang, Jiangxi, China. 
0
24 Aug 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler asked his generals to evaluate the possibility of the conquest and occupation of Belgium and the Netherlands. 
0
25 Aug 1938 WW2 Tatsuta Maru arrived at San Francisco, California, United States. 
0
26 Aug 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler toured the Westwall defenses in western Germany. 
0
28 Aug 1938 WW2 Chinese troops recaptured Taihu County, Anhui, China. In Hubei Province, elements of the Japanese 2nd Army Group captured Liuan. 
0
29 Aug 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Tianjia, Anhui, China. 
0
29 Aug 1938 WW2 While Adolf Hitler toured the Westwall defenses in western Germany, German General Wilhelm Adam warned that Germany could not be able to defend against an invasion by France for more than three days should Germany deploy most of its forces for an invasion of Czechoslovakia. Adolf Hitler grew furious at Adam, who would retire from service at the end of the year. 
0
30 Aug 1938 WW2 The Imperial Regalia of the Holy Roman Empire arrived at St. Catherine's Church in Nürnberg, Germany from Vienna, Austria. Items in this collection included both ceremonial items used by Holy Roman Emperors (the Imperial Crown, the Imperial Orb, the Imperial Sword, etc.) as well as relics of Christian mythology (a wood splinter said to be from the cross upon which Jesus Christ was cruxified, the spear blade said to have pierce Jesus Christ's side at the crucifixion, etc.). 
0
30 Aug 1938 WW2 9 Japanese bombers escorted by 6 A5M4 fighters attacked an airfield near Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Galdiator fighters of Chinese 32nd Pursuit Squadron rose to intercept. 2 Japanese fighters and 6 Chinese fighters were shot down in the fighting. 
0
31 Aug 1938 WW2 Winston Churchill suggested that if United Kingdom, United States, and Soviet Union collectively asserted pressure on Germany, Germany might abandon its claims for the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia; he was unable to persuade fellow British politicians. 
0
31 Aug 1938 WW2 Aviere was commissioned into service. 
0
31 Aug 1938 WW2 Akagi completed her modernization, emerging with the three flight decks removed. In their place was one single flight deck running nearly the length of the ship. Aircraft capacity was increased from 61 to 91. 
0
01 Sep 1938 WW2 General Franz Halder was appointed Chief of the General Staff of the German Army (Oberkommando des Heeres), succeeding General Ludwig Beck. He was the first Catholic to be assigned this position. 
0
01 Sep 1938 WW2 Masafumi Arima stepped down as the commanding officer of converted seaplane tender Kamikawa Maru and was made a commanding officer of Sasebo Naval Air Corps in Japan. 
0
06 Sep 1938 WW2 HMS Zulu (L18) was commissioned into service with Commander J. S. Crawford in command. 
0
06 Sep 1938 WW2 The Imperial Regalia of the Holy Roman Empire was put on public display at Nürnberg, Germany. Adolf Hitler, who spoke at the revealing of the artifacts, hinted that the possession of them would allow the Germans another 1,000-year empire. 
0
06 Sep 1938 WW2 Elements of the Japanese 2nd Army Group captured Liuan, Hubei, China. 
0
06 Sep 1938 WW2 HMAS Albatross arrived at Devonport, England, United Kingdom with a crew to man the cruiser soon-to-be transferred to Australia as HMAS Hobart. 
0
07 Sep 1938 WW2 The newspaper Times of London published an editorial suggesting that Czechoslovakia had much to gain in terms of achieving ethnic homogeneity should it allowed Sudetenland to secede. Once again, leader of the Sudeten Nazi Party Konrad Henlein announced that he would cut off communications with the Czechoslovakian government. 
0
08 Sep 1938 WW2 Alfred Jodl's diary entry on this date noted his worries about the weak defenses on Germany's western border with France. 
0
08 Sep 1938 WW2 Lieutenant General Tomou Kodama was named the commanding officer of the Taiwan Army. 
0
09 Sep 1938 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt announced that the United States would remain neutral on the topic of German pressures on Czechoslovakia. 
0
09 Sep 1938 WW2 HMS Mohawk (L31) was commissioned into service with Commander R. F. Jolly in command. 
0
09 Sep 1938 WW2 The Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) was established as the women's voluntary branch of the British Army. 
0
10 Sep 1938 WW2 At the Nürnberg, Germany rally, Hermann Göring spoke about Sudeten Germans being oppressed by the Czechoslovakians. 
0
10 Sep 1938 WW2 New air regulations in Germany prohibited overflight by all foreign aircraft except along specified air corridors established for civil aircraft. 
0
11 Sep 1938 WW2 Rudolf Höss was promoted to the rank of SS-Obersturmführer. 
0
12 Sep 1938 WW2 On the closing date of the annual Nürnberg, Germany rally, Adolf Hitler spoke of striving for justice for Sudeten Germans. In France, General Maurice Gamelin reported to Prime Minister Édouard Daladier noting that the French military could easily overwhelm German defenses should France respond militarily to any German threats on Czechoslovakia. 
0
12 Sep 1938 WW2 Germany forbade Jews from attending public cultural events. 
0
13 Sep 1938 WW2 The French cabinet met to discuss the German demands on Czechoslovakia, reaching no conclusion. 
0
13 Sep 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler met with Joachim von Ribbentrop at Martin Bormann's home in Munich, Germany. 
0
14 Sep 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler departed Munich, Germany for his home in Obersalzberg in southern Germany. 
0
15 Sep 1938 WW2 Neville Chamberlain visited Adolf Hitler at Berchtesgaden in southern Germany to discuss German demands on Czechoslovakia. Chamberlain expressed his personal approval for Germany's previous demands for Sudetenland, but would need to discuss further with his cabinet and the French. Hitler expressed his appreciation and promised that no military action would be taken. 
0
16 Sep 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured the city of Shang, Hubei Province, China. 
0
16 Sep 1938 WW2 The forerunner of the modern day Volkswagen car company was renamed to Volkswagenwerk GmbH. 
0
16 Sep 1938 WW2 Neville Chamberlain departed Germany and returned to London, England, United Kingdom. In the evening, he held a cabinet meeting to discuss the German demands on Czechoslovakia. 
0
17 Sep 1938 WW2 USS Arizona became the flagship of Battleship Division 1's Rear Admiral Chester Nimitz. 
0
17 Sep 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler assigned an OKW officer to the Sudeten Freikorps. 
0
19 Sep 1938 WW2 The United Kingdom and France recommended Czechoslovakia to cede Sudetenland to Germany. 
0
19 Sep 1938 RELIGIOUS The Carpatho-Russian Diocese of the Eastern Rite of the U.S.A. was canonized as a diocese of the Greek Orthodox Church. Father Orestes Chornock, Orthodox bishop of Agathonikia, was made Metropolitan of the new diocese.
0
20 Sep 1938 WW2 Sudeten Nazi leader Konrad Henlein urged Slovakians to demand autonomy with greater vigor. 
0
20 Sep 1938 WW2 At 1030 hours, Czechoslovakian military mobilized. At 1700 hours, Czechoslovakian President Edvard Beneš rejected the British-French suggestion for Czechoslovakia to cede Sudetenland to Germany; going further, Beneš asked the French whether France would honor the alliance in the case of a German invasion. 
0
20 Sep 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler pressed the Hungarians to assert greater demands on Czechoslovakia. 
0
21 Sep 1938 WW2 Japanese luxury ocean liner Hikawa Maru ran aground on a shoal near West Point, Washington, United States in a dense fog. 
0
21 Sep 1938 WW2 Spanish leader Dr. Negrin announced, in a speech to the League of Nations, that the International Brigades were to be withdrawn from the fighting. 
0
21 Sep 1938 WW2 Poland demanded Czechoslovakia to hold a plebiscite for the Zaolzie region, claiming the region, with its Polish majority, wished to join Poland. The French responded to the question from Czechoslovakian President Edvard Beneš from the previous day, noting that they would only only honor the terms of the alliance if Beneš agreed to cede Sudetenland to Germany, thus avoiding war. Seeing no help from the French, Beneš turned to the Soviet Union, which would only honor the mutual defense treaty if the French honored theirs. Receiving no support from the nations who were supposedly his allies, Beneš gave up and accepted the German demands for Sudetenland in the late afternoon. 
0
22 Sep 1938 WW2 The International Brigades fighting in the Spanish Civil War were withdrawn by the Spanish Republicans from the front-line prior to them being repatriated. 
0
22 Sep 1938 WW2 Seeing that the Czechoslovakians gave in to German demands, Hungary also made demands of their own on Czechoslovakian territory. On the same day, Sudeten Freikorps occupied two Czechoslovakian towns close to the German border. In Prague, the Czechoslovakian cabinet resigned. In Bad Godesberg, Germany, Chamberlain met Adolf Hitler; the German leader demanded Czechoslovakia to allow German troops to occupy Sudetenland by 1 Oct 1938. 
0
22 Sep 1938 WW2 Henry Arnold was made the Chief of the US Army Air Corps. 
0
22 Sep 1938 WW2 CW-21 prototype aircraft took its first flight at Wilbur Wright Field in Riverside, Ohio, United States. 
0
23 Sep 1938 WW2 In the evening, Neville Chamberlain and Adolf Hitler met again in Bad Godesberg, Germany. Hitler demanded Czechoslovakia to leave the Sudetenland area by 28 Sep 1938; Chamberlain expressed frustration that Hitler was now demanding more than what had originally been discussed; after some heated discussion, Hitler returned to the original demand of 1 Oct 1938. 
0
23 Sep 1938 WW2 Walter Grabmann claimed 3 kills in Spain, an I-15 fighter, an I-16 fighter, and a SB-2 bomber. 
0
24 Sep 1938 WW2 German Army chief Walther von Brauchitsch married Charlotte Rueffer. 
0
24 Sep 1938 WW2 As Neville Chamberlain departed Bad Godesberg, Germany to return to London, England, United Kingdom, Adolf Hitler promised him that the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia would be the last German territorial demand in Europe. In France, the French government rejected the latest German demands; the French military partially mobilized in preparation for war. 
0
24 Sep 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler arrived in Berlin, Germany. 
0
26 Sep 1938 WW2 Kirov was commissioned into service. 
0
26 Sep 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler spoke at the Berlin Sportpalast in Germany, claiming that whether Europe was to go into war or remain in peace, it was now up to Czechoslovakian President Edvard Beneš. He also announced that Sudetenland was to be Germany's last territorial demand in Europe. In the United States, President Franklin Roosevelt sent Hitler a message in an attempt to maintain peace. Also on this day, French General Maurice Gamelin told Britain that France possess enough strength to overwhelm German defenses should France go to war over German threats on Czechoslovakia. 
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27 Sep 1938 WW2 Franz Halder and other German Army officers set 29 Sep 1938 as the launch date of their revolt should Adolf Hitler lead Germany into a war over the Sudetenland crisis. 
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27 Sep 1938 WW2 Germany passed law to revoke licenses to practice law for all Jewish attorneys, effective 30 Nov 1938; thereafter Jewish attorneys could only act as "consultants" for other Jews on matters of law. 
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27 Sep 1938 WW2 In the early afternoon, Adolf Hitler moved several divisions to the German-Czechoslovakian border. In the late afternoon, he called for a military parade on the Unter den Linden boulevard in Berlin, Germany to rouse a patriotic sentiment; Berlin citizens responded coolly, however. In the United Kingdom, British military mobilized for war, school children were evacuated from London, while trenches were dug in the city's parks. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain recommended Czechoslovakian President Edvard Beneš to accept a partial military occupation of Sudetenland by the Germans. In the United States, President Franklin Roosevelt called for an international conference in an attempt to maintain peace. The King of Sweden also attempted to calm Hitler down, sending him a message advising him that German's current strength was no match for the combined strength of the opposing powers. Even the chief of the German Navy Erich Raeder attempted to convince Hitler to not provoke war. Late in the day, Czechoslovakia finally received some foreign support when Yugoslavia and Romania declared that they would offer military assistance should Hungary use force against Czechoslovakia. 
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27 Sep 1938 WW2 RMS Queen Elizabeth was launched at Clydebank, Scotland, United Kingdom. 
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28 Sep 1938 WW2 Neville Chamberlain proposed to Adolf Hitler a conference between European powers to resolve the issue of Czechoslovakia; Hermann Göring convinced Hitler to accept such an offer rather than waging war. Meanwhile, Chamberlain sent Czechoslovakian President Edvard Beneš a message to express that Britain was to represent Czechoslovakia in the upcoming conference with Germany, and Britain would keep Czechoslovakia's best interest in mind. 
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28 Sep 1938 WW2 Franz Halder went to see German Army chief Walther von Brauchitsch and gained some support for his planned overthrow of Adolf Hitler should there be a war over the Sudetenland crisis. At the end of the day, with Neville Chamberlain visiting Munich, Germany, and thus dramatically lessening the possibility of war between Britain and Germany, Halder called off the revolt. 
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28 Sep 1938 WW2 The Italian Naval Staff (Stato Maggiore Marina) formed a special research and development section at La Spezia, Italy; it was to report to 1a Flottiglia MAS, a torpedo boat flotilla. 
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28 Sep 1938 WW2 British cruiser HMS Apollo was recommissioned as Australian cruiser HMAS Hobart. 
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29 Sep 1938 WW2 The Munich Conference between Hitler, Chamberlain, Mussolini, and Daladier took place at the Führerbau building in München in Germany, during which Britain and France ceded Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia to Germany in an attempt to avoid war. The two Czechoslovakian representatives at the conference were locked in an adjacent room, not permitted to actually participating in the negotiations. 
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29 Sep 1938 WW2 Viktor Abakumov was named the assistant to the head of the 2nd Section in the 2nd Department of the GUGB of the Soviet NKVD. 
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30 Sep 1938 WW2 Shortly after midnight, Adolf Hitler, Neville Chamberlain, Benito Mussolini, and Édouard Daladier, in that order, signed the Munich Agreement at the Führerbau building in München in Germany, which ceded Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia to Germany; the actual document was backdated to the previous day, 29 Sep 1938. Upon returning to the United Kingdom, outside 10 Downing Street in London, Chamberlain announced that "I believe it is peace for our time". 
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01 Oct 1938 WW2 Erwin Rommel became the commander of Hitler's headquarters during his tour of Sudetenland, recently annexed from Czechoslovakia. 
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01 Oct 1938 WW2 Do 18 flying boat "Pampero" was lost in the Atlantic Ocean; the entire crew of 5 was missing and was never found. 
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01 Oct 1938 WW2 The 16th Squadron of the Chinese 6th Bomber Air Group was converted to become a fighter squadron, flying Hawk 75 fighters. It was to be based out of Zhiqiang, Hunan, China. 
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01 Oct 1938 WW2 Following the German annexation of Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, efforts began to arrest Sudetenland residents who opposed the Nazi government. 
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03 Oct 1938 WW2 Phoenix was commissioned into service. 
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03 Oct 1938 WW2 The German ambassador in Moscow, Russia began to discuss with Soviet representatives regarding a potential Soviet-German trade agreement. 
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05 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Ruoxi, Jiangxi, China. 
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05 Oct 1938 WW2 Edvard Beneš stepped down as the President of Czechoslovakia. 
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05 Oct 1938 WW2 Egmont Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld was awarded the Luftwaffe Pilot's Badget. 
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05 Oct 1938 WW2 Germany revoked passports belonging to Jews and made re-issuance of new passports more difficult; the new passports were stamped "J" to signify Jewish ownership. 
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06 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops resumed the offensive in the Dabie Mountains region of Hubei, China after being bogged down by Chinese troops for more than a month. 
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07 Oct 1938 WW2 Chinese troops launched a counteroffensive in Jiangxi Province, China and enveloped elements of the Japanese 101st and 106th Divisions. 
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08 Oct 1938 WW2 Czechoslovakia and Hungary negotiated over territory, but the negotiations soon broke down, and Hungary threatened Czechoslovakia with war. 
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09 Oct 1938 WW2 The Spanish Republican submarine C1 was sunk by Spanish Nationalist aircraft at Barcelona, Spain. 
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10 Oct 1938 WW2 After three days of heavy fighting, the enveloped Japanese 106th Division was largely wiped out by Chinese troops at the Battle of Wanjialing in Jiangxi, China. 
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10 Oct 1938 WW2 Walter Grabmann shot down a SB-2 bomber over Spain. 
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11 Oct 1938 WW2 Wilhelm Keitel reported to Adolf Hitler, noting that the German military was poised to invade Czechoslovakia without needing much time to prepare. 
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11 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Yueyang, Hunan Province, China. 
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12 Oct 1938 WW2 HMS Sikh (L82) was commissioned into service with Commander J. A. Giffard in command. 
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12 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Xinyang, Henan, China and began to plan for an attack south along the Pinhan Railway toward Wuhan, Hubei, China. 
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12 Oct 1938 WW2 Troops of the Japanese 5th Division, 18th Division, and 104th Division landed at Daya Bay 75 kilometers southeast of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; the landing operation was supported in the air by both Japanese Navy and Japanese Army aircraft, flying in from as far was Taiwan. 
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13 Oct 1938 WW2 Chinese troops withdrew from the Wanjialing area in Jiangxi, China, the site of a victory three days prior. 
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15 Oct 1938 WW2 The Czechoslovakian government resigned after Germany occupied the Sudetenland. 
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15 Oct 1938 WW2 Walter Grabmann shot down an I-16 fighter over Spain. 
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15 Oct 1938 WW2 Major General Kazuo Otsu was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army. 
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16 Oct 1938 WW2 Franklin Roosevelt signed a secret order to expand American air power by 15,000 machines per year. 
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18 Oct 1938 WW2 British troops in Palestine captured Jerusalum from Arab rebels. 
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18 Oct 1938 WW2 Werner Mölders was promoted to the rank of Hauptmann, effective as of 1 Oct 1938. 
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18 Oct 1938 WW2 Germany recalled its ambassador in Washington DC, United States 
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19 Oct 1938 WW2 Prince Hiroyasu's first child, Prince Hiroyoshi, passed away. 
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21 Oct 1938 WW2 HMS Gurkha (L52) was commissioned into service with Commander F. R. Parham in command. 
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21 Oct 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler issued the order to his top military commanders noting that German forces must be ready to seize the remainder of Czechoslovakia and Memel in Lithuania with minimal notice. 
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21 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured the city of Guangzhou in Southern China nearly unopposed. The city was afire from both heavy Japanese bombing in the previous few days as well as from fires set by the retreating Chinese troops. 
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21 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Chinese gunboat Yongji at Xinti, Hubei, China. 
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21 Oct 1938 WW2 Before dawn, HMS Birmingham sailed along the coast of Gulangyu island, an international zone, near Xiamen, China. At 0800 hours, she sailed into Xiamen harbor between four columns of Japanese war ships by surprise; Birmingham's crew was able to take photographs of classified Japanese naval equipment such as fire controls and radar antennae before the Japanese crew was able to cover them up. At 1100 hours, Birmingham set sail for Hong Kong. 
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21 Oct 1938 WW2 Kirishima launched a E8N1 Type 95 floatplane and photographed HMS Birmingham off Xiamen, China. 
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22 Oct 1938 WW2 Czechoslovakia offered Hungary a piece of territory in Subcarpathian Rus to Hungary, but Hungary rejected the offer, demanding more territory. 
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22 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops reached the southern borders of Wuhan, Hubei, China. 
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23 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Humen, Guangdong Province, China. 
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24 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Huangpo, Anhui, China and began to march toward the northern border of Wuhan, Hubei, China. In the same province, elements of the Japanese 2nd Army Group captured the city of Ma. 
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24 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese aircraft sank Chinese gunboat Zhongshan. 
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24 Oct 1938 WW2 Joachim von Ribbentrop met with Polish ambassador Józef Lipski at Berchtesgaden in southern Germany. During the meeting, he noted that Danzig was German and Germany wanted to see it back within German borders. He also noted that Germany wanted to build a highway and a railway through western Poland to connect East Prussia with the main German territory, and that Germany would like to have Poland join the Anti-Comintern Pact. 
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25 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured Sanshui (also "Samshui" in Cantonese), Guangdong Province, China. 
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26 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese troops captured undefended Wuchang and Hankou (now districts of the city of Wuhan) in Hubei, China. 
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27 Oct 1938 WW2 Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano persuaded German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop that Germany and Italy should arbitrate over the Czechoslovakian-Hungarian territorial dispute. 
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28 Oct 1938 WW2 Germany expelled 15,000 to 17,000 Jews of Polish origin across the Polish border. 
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29 Oct 1938 WW2 Czechoslovakia and Hungary agreed to allow Germany and Italy arbitrate their territorial dispute. 
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29 Oct 1938 WW2 Pierre François Boisson was named the acting Governor-General of French West Africa. 
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29 Oct 1938 WW2 Japanese Navy warships entered the harbor of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, raising the Japanese Navy ensign on the customs buoy. 
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30 Oct 1938 WW2 Spanish Nationalist forces launched a massive attack near River Ebro in Spain. 
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31 Oct 1938 WW2 Cruiser Köln began five months of repairs and refitting at Kiel, Germany. 
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31 Oct 1938 WW2 Poland noted to the Germans that Danzig was to remain independent, and that Poland was not interested in signing the Anti-Comintern Pact. 
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31 Oct 1938 WW2 Lieutenant-General Alan Brooke took over command of the newly created Anti-Aircraft Corps with responsibility for inspection, training and discipline, while the actual operational control was vested in the Air Officer Commanding RAF Fighter Command, Air Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding, since the handling of the air defences demanded the closest co-operation between fighter pilots, guns and searchlights. 
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01 Nov 1938 WW2 German newspaper Kinzigwacht declared the town of Gelnhausen, Germany Judenfrei, "Free of Jews", after the town's synagogue closed its doors and the Jews forced to moved out. 
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01 Nov 1938 WW2 Quintin Brand was promoted to the rank of air commodore while commanding the No. 12 Group. 
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01 Nov 1938 WW2 Wilhelm Keitel was promoted to the rank of Generaloberst. 
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01 Nov 1938 WW2 The trial of the Partido Obrero de Unification Marxista (POUM) leaders in Barcelona, Spain was completed; two of the defendants were acquitted but four others were sentenced to imprisonment. The revolutionary anti-Stalinist Marxist POUM was formed in 1935 as the result of the merger of the Workers and Peasants Bloc (BOC), led by Joaquin Maurin, and Izquierda Comunista (Left Communist Party), led by Andres Nin. 
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01 Nov 1938 WW2 Viktor Abakumov was named the head of the 2nd Section of the 2nd Department of the GUGB of the Soviet NKVD. 
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02 Nov 1938 WW2 Arbitration of Vienna gave Hungary southeastern Slovakia and Ruthenia. 
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03 Nov 1938 WW2 Werner Mölders scored his final aerial victory in the Spanish Civil War. 
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04 Nov 1938 WW2 The Nazi German censorship office, the Prüfungskommission, banned all maps defining ethnic or cultural regions within German territory. 
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05 Nov 1938 WW2 Hungary began to occupy territory ceded by Czechoslovakia per the First Vienna Award. 
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07 Nov 1938 WW2 Italy organized the Milizia Artiglieria Contraerea, which were anti-aircraft and coastal artillery militia units. 
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07 Nov 1938 WW2 French Jew Herschel Grynszpan, whose parents were recently expelled from Germany into Poland, assassinated German consular aide Ernst Vom Rath in Paris. 
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07 Nov 1938 WW2 German diplomat Ernst vom Rath was shot three times with a revolver by Herschel Grynszpan in Paris, France. 
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07 Nov 1938 WW2 Hans-Joachim Marseille was accepted into flight training and was given the rank of Flieger. 
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08 Nov 1938 WW2 William Dimoline was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel. 
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09 Nov 1938 WW2 Ernst vom Rath passed away. 
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09 Nov 1938 WW2 Rudolf Höss was promoted to the rank of SS-Hauptsturmführer. 
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09 Nov 1938 WW2 Kristallnacht began in Germany; Jewish shops and synagogues were smashed, looted, burned, and destroyed throughout the country. 
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10 Nov 1938 WW2 Hungary completed the occupation of territory ceded by Czechoslovakia per the First Vienna Award. 
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10 Nov 1938 WW2 Erwin Rommel became the commanding officer of the military academy at Wiener Neustadt in southern Germany. 
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10 Nov 1938 WW2 Georg von Bismarck became the commanding officer of the 7th Infantry Regiment in Gera, Germany. 
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10 Nov 1938 WW2 The defensive garrison at Changsha, Hunan Province, China organized special teams around the city, who task was to set designated buildings ablaze once given the signal. The goal of it was to deprive the Japanese the use of the city should it fall to the imminent Japanese attack. 
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11 Nov 1938 WW2 Hungarian Regent Miklós Horthy toured territory newly gained from Czechoslovakia. 
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12 Nov 1938 WW2 The Hungarian Parliament officially incorporated the newly acquired territory from Czechoslovakia into its borders. 
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12 Nov 1938 WW2 Zhang Zhizhong, upon receiving inaccurate intelligence about approaching Japanese troops, gave the order to set fire to several key buildings in Changsha, Hunan Province, China to deprive the Japanese of use should they be captured. The fire grew out of control, causing extensive property damage and killing a number of civilians. This event would lead to his firing. 
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12 Nov 1938 WW2 German government found Jews collectively responsible to pay one billion Reichsmarks for damage done during Kristallnacht. Also, laws were enacted to completely exclude Jews from jobs in commerce and industry. 
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13 Nov 1938 WW2 Failures in communications in the city of Changsha, Hunan Province, China led to the commencement of a scorched earth operation which was only suppose to take effect when the city was about to fall into Japanese hands. Fires were started at pre-arranged locations around the city, starting the Wenxi Fire that would burn for five days, killing 3,000 people and destroying a large number of buildings. 
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14 Nov 1938 WW2 Artigliere was commissioned into service. 
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14 Nov 1938 WW2 The United States recalled its ambassador in Berlin, Germany. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Hiroaki Abe was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Tamon Yamaguchi was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Captain Aritomo Goto was named the commanding officer of battleship Mutsu. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Takeo Takagi was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Chuichi Nagumo was named the commanding officer of the 3rd Cruiser Division. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Vice Admiral Ichiro Sato succeeded Vice Admiral Masaichi Maeda as the commanding officer of the Ryojun Military Port (previously known as Port Arthur; now Lushunkou, Liaoning Province, China), Kwantung Leased Territory in northeastern China. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 In Germany, Jewish children were expelled from schools. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Captain Shutoku Miyazato was named the commanding officer of Naka. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Vice Admiral Sonosuke Kobayashi was named the commanding officer of Chinkai Guard District in southern Korea. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 The International Brigades paraded through Barcelona, Spain before being disbanded. 
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15 Nov 1938 WW2 Vice Admiral Goro Hara was named the commanding officer of the Mako naval port at Pescadores islands, Taiwan. 
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16 Nov 1938 WW2 Lavrentiy Beria personally interrogated Yakov Serebryansky, a former NKVD leader; Serebryansky later reported that he was beaten severely until he agreed to sign a previously prepared confession document.  
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18 Nov 1938 WW2 Spanish Nationalist forces pushed Spanish Republican forces back across the River Ebro in Spain. 
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20 Nov 1938 WW2 Tone was commissioned into service. 
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20 Nov 1938 WW2 Queen Maud of Norway passed away from heart failure at the age of 68 following surgery in London, England, United Kingdom. 
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24 Nov 1938 WW2 Adolf Hitler ordered his top military leaders to prepare plans for the invasion of the Free City of Danzig, but careful to include that it was not to include war with Poland. 
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25 Nov 1938 WW2 German Major General Otto von Loosow passed away. Once the military commander of the region that included Bavaria, von Lossow had been one of the triumphirate appointed, in 1923, by Eugen von Knilling to enforce the state of emergency proclaimed in München (Munich), Germany which had led to the infamous Beer Hall Putsch. 
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26 Nov 1938 WW2 Oswald Mosley's son Oswald Alexander Mosley was born. 
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28 Nov 1938 WW2 German police issued orders restricting movement of Jews. 
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30 Nov 1938 WW2 The Czechoslovakian National Assembly elected Dr. Emil Hacha as the president of the republic. The official name of the country was changed by adding a dash, becoming Czecho-Slovak Republic, or Czecho-Slovakia for short. 
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01 Dec 1938 WW2 Rudolf Beran became the prime minister of Czechoslovakia. 
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01 Dec 1938 WW2 During this month, US agreed to loan $25,000,000 to China for the war against Japan. 
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01 Dec 1938 WW2 HMS Nubian (L36) was commissioned into service with Commander R. W. Ravenhill in command. 
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02 Dec 1938 WW2 Lord Gort submitted a report noting that the German military had improved in its fighting qualities over the past year, especially since the annexation of Czechoslovakia, while the British Army fighting strength had been weakened due to political decisions made in 1937. 
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03 Dec 1938 WW2 German government revoked driver's licenses held by Jews. 
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05 Dec 1938 WW2 Werner Mölders returned to Germany from Spain. 
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05 Dec 1938 WW2 HMS Maori (L24) was commissioned into service with Commander G. N. Brewer in command. 
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05 Dec 1938 WW2 Viktor Abakumov was named acting head of the UNKVD Directorate of Rostov Oblast, Russia. 
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06 Dec 1938 WW2 Werner Mölders was assigned to the 1st Group of the Jagdgeschwader 133. 
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06 Dec 1938 WW2 France and Germany signed a pact which purported to guarantee the existing frontiers between the two countries. 
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06 Dec 1938 WW2 Seishiro Itagaki, as one of the Five Minister Council under the leadership of Prime Minister Konoe Fumimaro, declared that the deportation of Jews in Japan, including occupied territories in China and Korea, was prohibited. 
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06 Dec 1938 WW2 The K-2 airship took its first flight over Akron, Ohio, United States. 
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08 Dec 1938 WW2 A decree on "Combating the Gypsy Plague" was published by Heinrich Himmler as Chief of the Reich Police. Under the decree German Gypsies would now be considered as an alien race and therefore be liable for deportation or forced Labour. 
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08 Dec 1938 WW2 Graf Zeppelin was launched. 
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10 Dec 1938 WW2 The Lockheed Hudson took flight for the first time. The Hudson would later become the first American-built aircraft to be used operationally by the RAF in World War II. Based on the Electra civil airliner, it was ordered by the British Purchasing Commission as early as in Jun 1938 and deliveries began arriving in the UK in Jan 1939. Pressed into service for Maritime Patrol and Anti-Shipping missions, the type saw wide-spread service around the world and was also operated by the RCAF, RAAF, RNZAF, and both the USAAF and US Navy. 
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10 Dec 1938 WW2 Italian physicist Professor Enrico Fermi received the Nobel prize for Physics in Stockholm, Sweden for his work on radioactive elements. Instead of returning home he then fled to the United States with his family (his wife was Jewish) and would later contribute to the Manhatten Project. 
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11 Dec 1938 WW2 Kaga arrived at Sasebo, Japan. 
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12 Dec 1938 WW2 HMS Somali (L33) was commissioned into service with Captain R. S. G. Nicholson in command. 
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12 Dec 1938 WW2 Albacore aircraft took its first flight. 
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13 Dec 1938 WW2 Germany enacted a law to exclude Jewish doctors. 
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14 Dec 1938 WW2 Geniere was commissioned into service. 
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14 Dec 1938 WW2 Tenryu was recalled from China and was assigned to the reserves. 
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15 Dec 1938 WW2 Nobutake Kondo was named the commanding officer of the Japanese 5th Fleet. 
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15 Dec 1938 WW2 Crown Prince Yi Un was attached to the Japanese Northern China Army. 
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15 Dec 1938 WW2 Captain Tamotsu Takama was named the commanding officer of Naka. 
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15 Dec 1938 WW2 Captain Sadanao Yamazaki was named the commanding officer of Tenryu. 
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15 Dec 1938 WW2 Masafumi Arima became the commanding officer of Kisarazu Naval Air Corps. 
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15 Dec 1938 WW2 Raizo Tanaka stepped down as the commanding officer of light cruiser Jintsu and was named the Chief of Staff of the Mako naval port at Pescadores islands, Taiwan. 
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15 Dec 1938 WW2 The combination of The T10 gun and T5 carriage was officially adopted as the 37 mm Gun M3 and Carriage M4. 
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16 Dec 1938 WW2 Ark Royal was commissioned into service. 
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17 Dec 1938 WW2 U-47 was commissioned into service. 
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17 Dec 1938 WW2 Wilhelm Keitel ordered that the invasion of the remainder of Czechoslovakia must be done by a peacetime German Army that was not reinforced by mobilization. 
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18 Dec 1938 WW2 German scientist Otto Hahn split the uranium atom. 
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20 Dec 1938 WW2 Carabiniere was commissioned into service. 
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21 Dec 1938 WW2 HMS Ashanti (L51) was commissioned into service with Commander W. G. Davis in command. 
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21 Dec 1938 WW2 Lord Gort recommended the British Chiefs of Staff that the United Kingdom must assist France in the defense of the Low Countries should they be challenged by Germany. To achieve this, he advocated the improvement of British infantry and armored divisions. 
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21 Dec 1938 WW2 Charles Pownall was named the commanding officer of USS Enterprise. 
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22 Dec 1938 WW2 The German ambassador in Moscow, Russia began a second round of discussions with Soviet representatives regarding a potential trade agreement. 
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23 Dec 1938 WW2 Having cut the Spanish Republican forces into two the Spanish Nationalists now launched an offensive against Catalonia. A frontal assault by six Nationalist armies proved too much for the already exhausted Republicans, who would soon retreat towards Barcelona. 
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24 Dec 1938 WW2 German SS leader Reinhard Heydrich advised Gestapo leaders to investigate reasons for arrests, as there were now more prisoners than the space available in concentration camps. 
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26 Dec 1938 WW2 Japanese bombers attacked Chongqing, China during the day; this was the first time the temporary capital was bombed during the daylight hours. 
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28 Dec 1938 WW2 Viktor Abakumov was promoted to the rank of State Security Captain. 
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29 Dec 1938 RELIGIOUS In Tambaram, South India, the second world meeting of the International Missionary Council closed at Madras Christian College (having opened Dec. 12th). It was afterward called the IMC's Tambaram Conference.
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30 Dec 1938 WW2 HMS Eskimo (L75) was commissioned into service with Commander St. J. A. Micklethwait in command. 
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30 Dec 1938 WW2 The Spanish Republican destroyer Diez was damaged by the Spanish Nationalist cruiser Canarias off the coast near Catalon Bay, Gibraltar. The Diez was so badly damaged that she had to be beached to stop her sinking. She was later towed to Gibraltar and remained there, interned, until the end of the war. 
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31 Dec 1938 WW2 The Supreme Court of the USSR ruled that cases brought under Article 58 of the Kirov Law had to demonstrate the intent to commit counter-revolutionary or terrorist crime. This ruling went some way into restricting the activities of various kangaroo courts which had been using the law as virtual unrestricted power to kill anyone who came into their hands. During the course of 1939 a number of public trials were held of State Security officials, accused of fabricating evidence and perverting the course of justice. 
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