Science on the year of 1923 in history

Science

Date	Type	Text
30 Nov 1922 Juan de la Cierva	science	Juan de la Cierva (aeronautics) Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor.
30 Nov 1922 Karl von Frisch	science	Karl von Frisch (biology) Karl von Frisch publishes "Über die ‚Tiersprache\|Sprache‘ der Bienen. Eine tierpsychologische Untersuchung" ("On the 'language' of bees: an examination of animal psychology").
30 Nov 1922 Dirk Coster	science	Dirk Coster (chemistry) Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy publish their discovery of the transition metal element hafnium (₇₂Hf) in zirconium ore, working in Copenhagen (Latin: Hafnia).
30 Nov 1922 Niels Bohr	science	Niels Bohr (chemistry) Niels Bohr and Dirk Coster, working in Copenhagen, produce a paper on X-ray spectroscopy and the periodic system of the elements.
30 Nov 1922 Gilbert N. Lewis	science	Gilbert N. Lewis (chemistry) Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall's textbook Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Reactions is influential in the replacement of the concept of chemical affinity by free energy.
30 Nov 1922 Enigma machine	science	Enigma machine (cryptography) Enigma machine first produced commercially.
30 Nov 1922 Otto Julius Zobel	science	Otto Julius Zobel (electronics) Otto Julius Zobel of Bell Labs describes the type of signal processing filter sections based on the image impedance design principle which will become known as Zobel networks.
30 Nov 1922 Tanager Expedition	science	Tanager Expedition (exploration) Tanager Expedition.
30 Nov 1922 Diphtheria	science	Diphtheria (medicine) First vaccine for Diphtheria
30 Nov 1922 Arthur Eddington	science	Arthur Eddington (physics) Arthur Eddington publishes the textbook The Mathematical Theory of Relativity in Cambridge.
30 Nov 1922 Copley Medal	science	Copley Medal (awards) Copley Medal: Horace Lamb
30 Nov 1922 Wollaston Medal	science	Wollaston Medal (awards) Wollaston Medal for Geology: William Whitaker
01 Jan 1923 Daniel Gorenstein	science	birth Daniel Gorenstein Daniel Gorenstein (died 1992), American mathematician.
01 Feb 1923 Maudsley Hospital	science	Maudsley Hospital (medicine) The Maudsley Hospital, established jointly by the London County Council and Henry Maudsley, admits its first psychiatric patients.
02 Feb 1923 Ethyl gasoline	science	Ethyl gasoline In 1923, the first sale* was made of anti-knock gasoline containing a tetra-ethyl lead compound. First sold at Willard Talbott's service station on S. Main Street in Dayton, Ohio, the fuel was called Ethyl (after its new additive, tetraethyl lead) and colored a distinctive red. This new formulation of ethyl gasoline was the the result of seven years of testing at least 33,000 compounds as additives to influence the combustion rate of the fuel. Previously, on hard acceleration, an engine sometimes made knocking, popping or crackling sounds. Knocking sapped power and could damage the engine. The suitability of tetra-ethyl lead, made from alcohol and lead, was the discovery of Thomas Midgely, Jr., of the General Motors Research Laboratories, located in Dayton. Decades later, the toxicity of the lead present in automobile emissions was recognized, and leaded gasoline is no longer sold.
10 Feb 1923 Wilhelm Röntgen	science	death Wilhelm Röntgen Wilhelm Röntgen (born 1845), physicist, discoverer of X-rays, Nobel laureate.
13 Feb 1923 Chuck Yeager	science	birth Chuck Yeager Chuck Yeager, American pilot.
24 Feb 1923 Edward Morley	science	death Edward Morley Edward Morley (born 1838), chemist.
04 Mar 1923 Patrick Moore	science	birth Patrick Moore Patrick Moore (died 2012), English astronomer.
08 Mar 1923 Johannes Diderik van der Waals	science	death Johannes Diderik van der Waals Johannes Diderik van der Waals (born 1837), physicist.
09 Mar 1923 Walter Kohn	science	birth Walter Kohn Walter Kohn, Viennese-born physicist.
10 Mar 1923 Val Logsdon Fitch	science	birth Val Logsdon Fitch Val Logsdon Fitch (died 2015), American nuclear physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
27 Mar 1923 James Dewar	science	death James Dewar James Dewar (born 1842), chemist.
30 Mar 1923 Circumnavigation by liner	science	Circumnavigation by liner In 1923, the Cunard liner Laconia arrived in New York City, becoming the first passenger ship to circumnavigate the world, a cruise of 130 days.
02 Apr 1923 G. Spencer-Brown	science	birth G. Spencer-Brown G. Spencer-Brown, English mathematician.
12 Apr 1923 Theory of Relativity	science	Theory of Relativity In 1923, American scientists studying Einstein's Theory of Relativity found further evidence in support of its correctness.
23 Apr 1923 Walter Pitts	science	birth Walter Pitts Walter Pitts (died 1969), American logician and cognitive psychologist.
15 May 1923 Listerine	science	Listerine In 1923, Listerine was registered as a trademark. The modern Listerine is a mouthwash, but the original amber-coloured product was a disinfectant for surgical procedures, dating back to its formulation in 1879 by Dr Joseph Lawrence and Jordan Wheat Lambert. The name they chose incorporated the name of the English surgeon, Joseph Lister, famous for performing the first antiseptic surgical procedure on 12 Aug 1865 and pioneering wider use of antiseptics by surgeons. Other than that, Lister had no relationship to the product, or to the company founded in 1884 by Jordan Wheat Lambert to market it. In a few years, its usefulness was discovered as an oral antiseptic, and in 1895, Lambert extended the sale of Listerine to dentists. By 1914, it became available as a non-prescription mouthwash.
29 May 1923 Edison patent	science	Edison patent In 1923, Thomas A. Edison was issued a patent concerning "Stylus Mounting" (No. 1,456,687), a mount for phonograph stylii formed of a jewel such as diamond or sapphire in which the stylus is partially enclosed in a metal holder and projects from a reduced end portion thereof. The particular improvement is to provide for the stylus to be firmly and rigidly held to prevent it from loosening in use. A method of reinforcing the stylus mounting is applied at its weakest point, which is where the stylus emerges. An electroplating cell is used to apply a nickel reinforcing collar to the stylus.
01 Jun 1923 Hermann Oberth	science	Hermann Oberth (astronomy and space ) Hermann Oberth publishes Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen ("By Rocket into Planetary Space").
13 Jul 1923 American Museum of Natural History	science	American Museum of Natural History (paleontology) An American Museum of Natural History expedition to Mongolia under Roy Chapman Andrews is the first in the world to discover fossil dinosaur eggs. Initially thought to belong to the ceratopsian Protoceratops, they are determined in 1995 actually to belong to the theropod Oviraptor. On August 11 Peter Kaisen recovers the first Velociraptor fossil known.
16 Jul 1923 Sydney Mary Thompson	science	death Sydney Mary Thompson Sydney Mary Thompson (born 1847), geologist and botanist.
23 Jul 1923 Ulf Grenander	science	birth Ulf Grenander Ulf Grenander, Swedish-born mathematician.
31 Jul 1923 Stephanie Kwolek	science	birth Stephanie Kwolek Stephanie Kwolek (died 2014), American polymer chemist.
10 Aug 1923 Raphael W. Pumpelly	science	death Raphael W. Pumpelly Died 10 Aug 1923 at age 85 (born 8 Sep 1837). American geologist and scientific explorer known for his studies and explorations of the iron-ore and copper deposits in the Lake Superior region in 1866-75, for which he used microscopes and thin sections for petrographic study. His major report was published in 1873. Pumpelly sensed the increasing importance of steel, and advised investors to search for iron rather than gold. Some who followed his advice made fortunes. He surveyed the coal fields of China (1864) and made the first extensive survey (1865) of the Gobi. He journeyed across Siberia by sleigh. Pumpelly found evidence that central Asia had once been occupied by vast inland seas or lakes, which had slowly diminished in size, leaving behind the Aral Sea and numerous small lakes.
23 Aug 1923 Edgar Frank Codd	science	birth Edgar Frank Codd Born 23 Aug 1923; died 18 Apr 2003 at age 79. British-American computer scientist and mathematician who laid the theoretical foundation for relational databases, for storing and retrieving information in computer records. He also contributed knowledge in the area of cellular automata.
23 Aug 1923 Hertha Ayrton	science	death Hertha Ayrton Hertha Ayrton (born 1854), electrical engineer.
09 Sep 1923 Daniel Carleton Gajdusek	science	birth Daniel Carleton Gajdusek Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (died 2008), American virologist.
13 Sep 1923 Miroslav Holub	science	birth Miroslav Holub Miroslav Holub (died 1998), Czech immunologist and poet.
26 Sep 1923 John Ertle Oliver	science	birth John Ertle Oliver John Ertle Oliver (died 2011), American geophysicist.
03 Oct 1923 Kadambini Ganguly	science	death Kadambini Ganguly Kadambini Ganguly (born 1861), physician.
21 Oct 1923 planetarium	science	planetarium (astronomy and space ) First official public showing of a planetarium projector, a Zeiss model at the Deutsches Museum in Munich.
29 Oct 1923 Carl Djerassi	science	birth Carl Djerassi Born 29 Oct 1923. Austrian-American chemist and inventor who invented the first oral contraceptive, and is noted for establishing physical methods for determining organic molecular structure and his contributions to synthetic organic chemistry, his effectiveness in translating scientific knowledge into technological practice, and his efforts to promote international scientific cooperation. His research is in such diverse fields as chemistry of steroids; structure of alkaloids, antibiotics and terpenoids; synthesis of drugs, particularly antihistamines, oral contraceptives, and anti-inflammatory agents; optical rotatory dispersion studies, organic mass spectrometry, and magnetic circular diehroism of organic compounds. He has lectured extensively on birth control issues, and holds U.S. patent No. 2,744,122 for an oral contraceptive—the birth control pill.
08 Nov 1923 Jack Kilby	science	birth Jack Kilby Jack Kilby (died 2005), American electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
18 Nov 1923 Alan Shepard	science	birth Alan Shepard Alan Shepard (died 1998), American astronaut.
20 Nov 1923 Traffic signal	science	Traffic signal In 1923, African-American Garrett Morgan (1877-1963) patented an automatic traffic signal. He later sold the technology for the Morgan traffic signal to General Electric Corporation for $40,000. His invention came after he had seen an automobile crash into a horse-drawn carriage. Morgan was distressed by that traffic accident, and so he developed a new way to make streets safer for motorists and pedestrians.
02 Dec 1923 Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen	science	death Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen (born 1834), surveyor, geologist and naturalist.
07 Dec 1923 Sir Frederick Treves	science	death Sir Frederick Treves Sir Frederick Treves (born 1853), surgeon.
12 Dec 1923 Margaret Warner Morley	science	death Margaret Warner Morley Died 12 Dec 1923 at age 65 (born 17 Feb 1858). American biologist, educator, and writer, author of many works for children on nature and biology. and attended public schools in Brooklyn, New York. After postgraduate studies in biology, she taught at several schools. Teaching and working with children led her into an interest in nature and biology, and in developing methods by which it might be better taught. Since there were not good textbooks on the subject, she began to write her own, beginning her true avocation as an author. Her books were considered authoritative though entertaining and became. Many were used as school texts at a time when nature study was beginning to be incorporated into a rapidly growing number of schools' curricula.
13 Dec 1923 Philip Warren Anderson	science	birth Philip Warren Anderson Philip Warren Anderson, American physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics
27 Dec 1923 Gustave Eiffel	science	death Gustave Eiffel Gustave Eiffel (born 1832), structural engineer.
29 Dec 1923 Vladimir K. Zworykin	science	Vladimir K. Zworykin (electronics) Vladimir K. Zworykin files his first patent (in the United States) for "television systems".

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Science on the year of 1923 in history

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