| Date | Text | |
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30 Nov 1977
RSA algorithm |
RSA algorithm (computer science) The RSA algorithm for public-key cryptography, based on the factoring problem, is first publicly described by Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman. |
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30 Nov 1977
Byerlee's law |
Byerlee's law (geophysics) James Byerlee determines Byerlee's law which gives the stress circumstances in the Earth's crust at which fracturing along a geological fault takes place. |
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30 Nov 1977
genetic disorder |
genetic disorder (medicine) The rare genetic disorder Pitt–Hopkins syndrome is first described. |
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30 Nov 1977
Russian |
Russian (medicine) Russian scientist Victor Skumin first describes "cardioprosthetic psychopathological syndrome", later known as Skumin syndrome, a form of anxiety suffered by recipients of artificial heart valves. |
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30 Nov 1977
Fields Prize in Mathematics |
Fields Prize in Mathematics (awards) Fields Prize in Mathematics: Pierre Deligne, Charles Fefferman, Grigory Margulis and Daniel Quillen |
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30 Nov 1977
Turing Award |
Turing Award (awards) Turing Award – Robert Floyd |
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14 Jan 1978
Kurt Gödel |
death Kurt Gödel Kurt Gödel (b. 1906), American mathematician. |
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16 Feb 1978
bulletin board system |
bulletin board system (computer science) The first computer bulletin board system is created (CBBS in Chicago, Illinois). |
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25 Feb 1978
Edith Humphrey |
death Edith Humphrey Edith Humphrey (b. 1875), English chemist. |
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02 Mar 1978
Vladimír Remek |
Vladimír Remek (astronomy and space ) Vladimír Remek becomes the first Czechoslovak in space and the first cosmonaut from a country other than the Soviet Union or the United States, onboard Soyuz 28. |
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09 Mar 1978
Gaston Julia |
death Gaston Julia Gaston Julia (b. 1893), French mathematician. |
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23 Mar 1978
Haim Ernst Wertheimer |
death Haim Ernst Wertheimer Haim Ernst Wertheimer (b. 1893), Jewish biochemist. |
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30 Mar 1978
Bill Hamilton |
death Bill Hamilton Bill Hamilton (b. 1899), New Zealand mechanical engineer. |
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31 Mar 1978
Charles Best |
death Charles Best Died 31 Mar 1978 at age 79 (born 27 Feb 1899). Charles Herbert Best was an American-Canadian physiologist who, while 22 years old, assisted Dr Frederick Banting, in Toronto, Canada, with the discovery (1921) of a pancreatic extract - the hormone insulin - that could control diabetes in the dogs they used as test subjects. This led to human diabetics being treated with insulin. Banting (with J.J.R. Macleod) received the 1923 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Best was not nominated because he did not receive his medical degree until 1925. However, Banting recognized Best's role by later voluntarily sharing the prize money with him. Best also discovered the vitamin choline and the enzyme histaminase. He was the first to introduce anticoagulants in treatment of thrombosis (blood clots). Best was born in Maine, U.S.A., but for his university studies he moved to Canada, where he remained. |
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21 Apr 1978
Thomas Wyatt Turner |
death Thomas Wyatt Turner Thomas Wyatt Turner (b. 1877), American civil rights activist, biologist and educator; first black person ever to receive a doctorate from Cornell. |
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22 Jun 1978
Charon discovered |
Charon discovered In 1978, evidence of the first moon of Pluto was discovered by astronomer James W. Christy of the Naval Observatory in Flagstaff, Ariz. when he obtained a photograph of Pluto that showed the orb to be distinctly elongated.. Furthermore, the elongations appeared to change position with respect to the stars over time. After eliminating the possibility that the elongations were produced by plate defects and background stars, the only plausible explanation was that they were caused by a previously unknown moon orbiting Pluto at a distance of about 19,600 kilometers (12,100 miles) with a period of 6.4 days. The moon was named Charon, after the boatman in Greek mythology who took the souls of the dead across the River Styx to Pluto's underworld. |
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22 Jul 1978
André Chapelon |
death André Chapelon André Chapelon (b. 1892), French steam locomotive designer. |
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25 Jul 1978
Louise Brown |
Louise Brown (medicine) Louise Brown becomes the world's first human born from in vitro fertilisation, in England. |
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24 Aug 1978
Dame Kathleen (Mary) Kenyon |
death Dame Kathleen (Mary) Kenyon Died 24 Aug 1978 at age 72 (born 5 Jan 1906). [Dame Kathleen Mary Kenyon was an English archaeologist whose work at Jericho identified it as the oldest known continuously occupied human settlement by excavating to its Stone Age foundation. This evidence pushed back the era of occupation of the mound at Jericho from the Bronze Age and Neolithic to the Natufian culture at the end of the Ice Age (10,000 – 9,000 BC). She established that the city itself spanned more than 3,800 years. Over 100 tombs were discovered at Jericho during excavations (1952-58). Kenyon helped pioneer stratigraphic excavations as a more scientific approach to archaeological digs, a technique she learned while working with Sir Mortimer Wheeler at his major excavation of the Romano-British city of Verulamium (north of London). |
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06 Sep 1978
genetically engineered |
genetically engineered (medicine) Production of the first genetically engineered synthetic "human" insulin using E. coli by Arthur Riggs and Keiichi Itakura at the Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope National Medical Center in collaboration with Herbert Boyer at Genentech is announced in California. |
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15 Sep 1978
Willy Messerschmitt |
death Willy Messerschmitt Willy Messerschmitt (b. 1898), German aircraft engineer. |
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01 Oct 1978
Janus |
Janus (astronomy and space ) It is first proposed that Janus and Epimetheus are two separate moons of Saturn sharing the same orbit. |
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17 Oct 1978
James Burke |
James Burke (history of science) James Burke's history of science series Connections first airs, on BBC Television in the United Kingdom (with accompanying book). |
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15 Nov 1978
Margaret Mead |
death Margaret Mead Margaret Mead (b. 1901), American cultural anthropologist. |
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