Science on the year of 2005 in history

Science

Date	Type	Text
30 Nov 2004 World Year of Physics	science	World Year of Physics (physics) This has been named the World Year of Physics in honor of the 100th anniversary of Albert Einstein's Annus Mirabilis papers of 1905 and the resulting developments in the field of physics. Many institutions are celebrating by holding lecture series on Einstein, the history of special relativity and quantum mechanics and other public events surrounding the history of physics.
30 Nov 2004 Abel Prize in Mathematics	science	Abel Prize in Mathematics (awards) Abel Prize in Mathematics: Peter David Lax
30 Nov 2004 Jorge E. Hirsch	science	Jorge E. Hirsch (publications) Jorge E. Hirsch publishes his proposal for an h-index to quantify a scientist's publication productivity.
14 Jan 2005 Huygens probe	science	Huygens probe (space exploration) The Huygens probe is successfully sent into the atmosphere of Titan and returns science data to Earth via the Cassini orbiter. It survives the landing on the surface of Titan and sends pictures and other data for more than an hour afterwards.
26 Jan 2005 ESA	science	ESA (space exploration) ESA's SMART-1 begins sending back close range pictures of the lunar surface
26 Jan 2005 NIH	science	NIH (appointments) The NIH announce that Elizabeth Nabel will succeed Claude Lenfant as director of the US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
27 Jan 2005 climateprediction.net	science	climateprediction.net (climatology) Scientists behind the climateprediction.net project, a distributed computing project run from Oxford University, announce that first results indicate a long term surface temperature increase due to global warming of between 2 and 11 degrees Celsius as a consequence of doubling carbon dioxide levels, with most of the simulations predicting a temperature rise of around 3.4 °C. The results are published in Nature.
03 Feb 2005 Ernst Mayr	science	death Ernst Mayr Ernst Mayr (b. 1904), evolutionary biologist.
06 Feb 2005 Hubert Curien	science	death Hubert Curien Hubert Curien (b. 1924), former President of CERN and first chairman of ESA.
07 Feb 2005 NASA	science	NASA (space exploration) NASA announce budget plans – in the announcement, they state that a mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope will not take place, and that a robotic mission to deorbit the telescope with a safe descent into an ocean will take place. The Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter (Jimo) mission is also cancelled.
07 Feb 2005 National Academy of Sciences	science	National Academy of Sciences (appointments) The National Academy of Sciences elects Ralph Cicerone as its next president, to begin his 6-year term on July 1. He takes over from Bruce Alberts.
08 Feb 2005 Yale University	science	Yale University (other s) Yale University wins more than $1 million in damages and attorney's fees, along with the patent rights relating to electrospray ionization from former professor and Nobel Prize winner John Fenn.
10 Feb 2005 D. Allan Bromley	science	death D. Allan Bromley D. Allan Bromley (b. 1926), director of Yale's A. W. Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory.
17 Feb 2005 Richard Leakey	science	Richard Leakey (paleontology) Two Ethiopian fossil skulls originally found in 1967 by Richard Leakey, Omo I and Omo II, are re-dated at 195,000 years old, making them the oldest Homo sapiens remains known. The results are published in Nature.
23 Feb 2005 VIRGOHI21	science	VIRGOHI21 (astronomy) Astronomers announce the discovery of a galaxy, VIRGOHI21, that consists almost entirely of dark matter.
06 Mar 2005 Hans Bethe	science	death Hans Bethe Hans Bethe (b. 1906), Nobelaureate in Physics (1967) for his discoveries concerning the energy production mechanism in stars.
23 Mar 2005 planets	science	planets (astronomy) Two independent teams report the observation of light from planets circling two different stars, using the Spitzer infrared space telescope. Both groups detect a slight dimming in the light intensity during conjunction, when the planet is moving behind its sun's disk (occultation).
08 Apr 2005 Total solar eclipse	science	Total solar eclipse (astronomy) Total solar eclipse
13 Apr 2005 Michael D. Griffin	science	Michael D. Griffin (appointments) Michael D. Griffin is confirmed by the U.S. Senate as the next NASA administrator, succeeding Sean O'Keefe.
23 Apr 2005 video hosting service	science	video hosting service (computer science) The first video is uploaded to the online video hosting service YouTube established by Jawed Karim, Steve Chen and Chad Hurley.
18 May 2005 Hubble Space Telescope	science	Hubble Space Telescope (astronomy) A second photograph by the Hubble Space Telescope confirms the discovery of two new moons of Pluto: Nix and Hydra.
02 Jun 2005 oxytocin	science	oxytocin (biology) Michael Kosfeld and colleagues publish their findings that oxytocin increases trust in humans.
20 Jun 2005 Jack Kilby	science	death Jack Kilby Jack Kilby (b. 1923), Nobelaureate in Physics (2000) for his work on integrated circuits.
20 Jun 2005 Charles David Keeling	science	death Charles David Keeling Charles David Keeling (b. 1928), first to make frequent measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, plotted on the Keeling Curve.
04 Jul 2005 Deep Impact	science	Deep Impact (space exploration) The Deep Impact spacecraft successfully observes the disintegration of its "impactor" section colliding with the comet Tempel 1. A large number of other telescopes also provide data on this event.
29 Jul 2005 Tenth planet proposed	science	Tenth planet proposed In 2005, another candidate for tenth planet was announced by Mike Brown of California Institute of Technology. Its diameter is estimated at 2,100 miles - about 1-1/2 times that of Pluto. Its orbit is eccentric and inclined at about 45 degrees to the main plane of the solar system. It was named 2003 UB313 on a photograph made 31 Oct 2003. Later, its motion was recognized, on 8 Jan 2005. With orbits significantly inclined to the others, the status as a planet of either or even Pluto, is a subject for debate. They are in a region of numerous frozen comet-like objects beyond Neptune - the Kuiper Belt. The object Sedna - somewhat smaller than Pluto - was also found there in 2004. NASA also in an official statement referred to 2003 UB313 as a tenth planet.
21 Aug 2005 Robert Moog	science	death Robert Moog Robert Moog (b. 1934), pioneer of electronic music.
31 Aug 2005 chimpanzee	science	chimpanzee (biology) A first draft of the chimpanzee genome is published.
31 Aug 2005 Sir Joseph Rotblat	science	death Sir Joseph Rotblat Sir Joseph Rotblat (b. 1908), physicist.
03 Oct 2005 Annular solar eclipse	science	Annular solar eclipse (astronomy) Annular solar eclipse
05 Oct 2005 Spanish flu	science	Spanish flu (biology) The Spanish flu virus is reconstructed and shown to be closely related to the Avian influenza virus.
28 Oct 2005 Richard Smalley	science	death Richard Smalley Richard Smalley (b. 1943), Nobelaureate in Chemistry (1996) for the discovery of a new form of carbon, Buckminsterfullerene.
16 Nov 2005 Henry Taube	science	death Henry Taube Died 16 Nov 2005 at age 89 (born 30 Nov 1915). Canadian-born American chemist who in 1983 won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his extensive research into the properties and reactions of dissolved inorganic substances, particularly oxidation-reduction processes involving the ions of metallic elements. Metals often form complexes, in which other atoms cluster around the metal atom, transfering and sharing electrons among themselves to bind together. Taube discovered that during a reaction, a temporary "bridge" of atoms often forms between metal atoms. He studied the electron transfer across this bridge, speeding up reactions that would otherwise happen only slowly or not at all. His ideas are relevant beyond his own field of study, for example, in biochemical processes such as respiration.
27 Nov 2005 Bernard Devauchelle	science	Bernard Devauchelle (biology) French oral and maxillofacial surgeon Dr. Bernard Devauchelle and colleagues perform the world's first partial face transplant on a living human, replacing Isabelle Dinoire's face, which had been mutilated by her dog.
06 Dec 2005 Kaname Ikeda	science	Kaname Ikeda (appointments) Kaname Ikeda is appointed as first Director General of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor.

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