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History on the 22nd of December

History
Date Text
22 Dec 1216 RELIGIOUS Pope Honorius III officially approved the Order of Preachers (Dominicans), founded in 1216 by St. Dominic. During the Middle Ages, many leaders of European thought were Dominicans; and a good number followed Portuguese and Spanish explorers to the Americas as missionaries.
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22 Dec 1770 RELIGIOUS Birth of Father Demetrius Gallitzin, a Dutch Catholic priest. Arriving in America in 1792, he spent his remaining years as a frontier missionary, building up the Catholic church in parts of PA, MD, VA and WV. Gallitzin became known as the "Apostle to the Alleghenies."
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22 Dec 1804 RELIGIOUS Anglican missionary to Persia Henry Martyn wrote in his journal: 'I look forward to a day of prayer; for my soul hath great need of quickening and restoration, that it may act more in the view of eternity.'
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22 Dec 1837 RELIGIOUS Mercer University was chartered in Penfield, Georgia under Baptist support. In 1871 the college moved its campus to Macon, Georgia.
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22 Dec 1915 WW2 Chuichi Nagumo was married. 
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22 Dec 1917 WW2 The US Vice-Consul, General Poole, and the French representative, Colonel Hucher, arrived in Novocherkassk, Russia. After conferring with both Kaledin and Alekseev both officials urged their respective governments to give support to the Volunteer Army, which was now some 3,500 strong and equipped largely with weapons provided by the Cossacks. 
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22 Dec 1921 RELIGIOUS The first U.S. commercial radio license assigned to a religious broadcaster was awarded to the National Presbyterian Church of Washington, D.C. Within five years, there were over 60 other licensed religious broadcasters, including KJS_Biola (L.A.), KFUO_Concordia Seminary (St. Louis), and WMBI_Moody Bible Institute (Chicago).
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22 Dec 1922 WW2 Joseph Rochefort was promoted to the rank of lieutenant (junior grade). 
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22 Dec 1930 WW2 The Tupolev TB-3 four-engine heavy bomber made its maiden flight. Continually modified, over 500 of these big bombers were still in service at the time of the 1941 German invasion, and some carried out night-bombing attacks against the invaders. A paratroop conversion could carry up to 35 paratroopers accommodated in the fuselage and wings. 
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22 Dec 1930 WW2 Kenkichi Ueda was made the commanding officer of the Japanese 9th Division in China. 
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22 Dec 1930 WW2 General Tomou Kodama was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea. 
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22 Dec 1934 WW2 Zang Shiyi visited Emperor Showa in Tokyo, Japan. 
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22 Dec 1936 WW2 Song Meiling and Song Ziwen arrived at Xi'an for negotiations to free kidnapped Chiang Kaishek. 
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22 Dec 1936 WW2 The first 3,000 Italian Blackshirts arrived in Spain as volunteer fighters. They were originally organized in battalion-sized units, but would later be re-organized as three divisions after the arrival of more men and equipment. 
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22 Dec 1938 WW2 The German ambassador in Moscow, Russia began a second round of discussions with Soviet representatives regarding a potential trade agreement. 
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22 Dec 1939 WW2 Werner Mölders and Hans von Hahn became the first German fighter pilots to shoot down British Hurricane fighters. 
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22 Dec 1939 WW2 Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller was awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class medal. 
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22 Dec 1939 WW2 Finnish Army Group Talvela overran Soviet 75th division in hand to hand combat at Ägläjärvi (Russian: Yaglyayarvi) on the Karelian Isthmus. 
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22 Dec 1939 WW2 Field Marshal Mannerheim of Finland authorized to launch the offensive planned by Generals Österman and Öhqvist presented to him on the previous day. 
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22 Dec 1939 WW2 US Navy awarded a US$7,000,000 contract to build two new graving docks at Pearl Harbor, US Territory of Hawaii; the future Dock No. 2 was to be large enough to hold a battleship, while Dock No. 3 was to be made for destroyers and submarines. 
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22 Dec 1939 WW2 USS Helena arrived at Annapolis, Maryland, United States. 
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22 Dec 1940 WW2 Italian submarine Serpente attacked Allied convoy MG1 24 miles east of Cape Bon, Tunisia in the Strait of Sicily at 0156 hours as the convoy attempted to sail from Malta to Gibraltar. Destroyer HMS Hyperion was damaged, killing 2 and wounding 14. HMS Ilex took off the survivors, and then HMS Janus scuttled Hyperion before sunrise. 
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22 Dec 1940 WW2 270 Luftwaffe bombers attacked Manchester, England, United Kingdom, dropping 272 tons of high explosive bombs and 1,032 incendiary bombs; the Piccadilly area was engulfed in large fires, while the Gibsons shelter at the Hulme Town Hall collapsed without any deaths. During the same night, Liverpool was bombed for the third night in a row. 
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22 Dec 1940 WW2 Winston Churchill replaced Anthony Eden with Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury David Margesson (later Viscount Margesson) as the Secretary of State for War in the British Cabinet. 
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22 Dec 1940 WW2 Himarë, Albania was captured by the Greek army. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 The First Washington Conference (Arcadia) between Roosevelt and Churchill began aboard HMS Duke of York in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, United States. The Americans and the British planned a Combined Chiefs of Staff represented by both countries. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 American troops originally destined for Philippine Islands arrived at Brisbane; they were the first American troops to arrive in Australia. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 Japanese submarine I-19 shelled American tanker H. M. Storey southwest of Cape Mendocino, California, United States. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 The Japanese 55th Division, commanded by Lieutenant General Takeuchi Yutaka, assembled at Bangkok, Thailand and was issued orders for it to cross the Thai-Burma frontier and capture Moulmein, which happened to be held by the Headquarters of 17th Indian Division. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 Japanese submarine I-68 bombarded Johnston Island. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 Allied troops reached Beda Fomm, Libya while pursuing retreating Axis troops, but was halted by a group of 30 German tanks. Further west, Axis forces began evacuating Benghazi by ships. Out at sea, German ship Spezia and Italian ship Umbra Cadamosto ran into an Italian minefield off Misrata and were destroyed. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 Japanese submarines I-71 and I-72 bombarded the US Naval Air Station on Palmyra Atoll. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 US Army troops arrived at Brisbane, Australia; they were the first American soldiers to arrive in this country. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 With the ice over Lake Ladoga thickening, Soviet forces began to move tanks across the lake to reinforce Leningrad, Russia. At the same time, trucks brought in 687 tons of food, also over the lake; it was the first time over 600 tons of food were brought in on a single day, which was the minimum daily requirement to feed the population. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 USS Permit began her second war patrol in Philippine waters. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 45,000 troops of Japanese 48th Division and 90 tanks landed at Lingayen, Luzon, Philippine Islands at 0200 hours. From the capital city of Manila, Douglas MacArthur sent a radio message to his superior George Marshall in Washington DC, United States, noting that he had decided to announce Manila to be an open city to reserve the strength of his forces and to spare the lives of the civilians. In southern Philippine Islands, 9 American B-17 bombers from Darwin, Australia attacked Japanese ships in Davao Gulf, Mindanao and then landed at Del Monte, Mindanao. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 Naka guarded transports as they disembarked 7th Tank Regiment and an infantry regiment of the Japanese 48th Infantry Division at Caba, Luzon, Philippine Islands; she departed for Mako, Pescadores islands later on the same day. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 Satoru Anabuki, flying a Ki-27 fighter, shot down a P-40 fighter over Lingayen, Philippine Islands, his first victory. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 In Sarawak, a Japanese invasion force departed Miri for Kuching. 
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22 Dec 1941 WW2 33 dive bombers and 6 fighters from carriers Soryu and Hiryu attacked Wake Atoll; during the aerial battle, one of the last two operational F4F Wildcat fighters of Marine Fighter Squadron 211 was shot down, while the other one was badly damaged. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 German troops in the Caucasus region in Russia began to fall back northwestward. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 26 American B-24 Liberator bombers flew 4,300 miles to attack Wake Island. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 Elements of US 1st Infantry Division and British 78th Division launched an offensive in Tunisia. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 USS Gar fired three torpedoes at a Japanese ship; all torpedoes missed. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 About 38,000 Soviet personnel were awarded the Medal for the Defence of Odessa. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 I-168 arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 Repair ship Akashi began repairing destroyer Shiratsuyu at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 Adolf Hitler signed the decree drafted by Albert Speer for the mass production of the A-4 rocket; this decree did not provide any special priority for rocket production. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 Kurt Zeitzler once again asked Adolf Hitler to allow the German 6.Armee to break out from Stalingrad, Russia to avoid the remnants of the army from being totally wiped out. Hitler again refused. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 Pile driving for Dock No. 4 at Pearl Harbor Navy Yard, US Territory of Hawaii, completed; a total of 9,694 piles were driven since 12 Oct 1942, averaging 30 feet in length. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 Captured French torpedo boats Bombarde, La Pomone, and L'Iphigénie departed Bizerte, Tunisia with Italian crews for Palermo, Sicily, Italy. 
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22 Dec 1942 WW2 Convoy JW-51B departed from Liverpool, England, United Kingdom for Murmansk, Russia; it was consisted of 14 freighters and was escorted by six destroyers, two corvettes, one minesweeper, and two trawlers under the command of Captain Robert Sherbrooke; British cruisers of Force R covered the convoy from a distance. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Japanese hospital ship Hikawa Maru departed Roi. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Allies designated Tito as the Allied commander in Yugoslavia. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Germany threatened punishment of Allied prisoners of war in retaliation for the Soviet war crimes trial in Kharkov, Ukraine. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 51 RAF aircraft attacked 2 flying-bomb sites between Abbeville and Amiens in France. One of them was destroyed, but the other was spared as the air crews failed to locate it at night. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 A small number of RAF Mosquito bombers attacked Frankfurt and Bonn in Germany. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 A German aircraft sighted Allied convoy JW-55B sailing north from Britain toward Murmansk, Russia. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Remy Van Lierde was assigned to the Central Gunnery School at RAF Sutton Bridge in Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Hitler instituted a National Socialist Leadership Staff at Supreme Headquarters under General Hermann Reinecke with the role of training Political Officers (Commissars) to all major military units. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Light carrier Ryuho arrived at Truk, Caroline Islands. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Indian 19th Brigade attacked Villa Grande, Italy. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Robert Johnson shot down a German Bf 109G fighter over Almelo, the Netherlands. 
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22 Dec 1943 WW2 Allied convoy JW-55A arrived at Arkhangelsk, Russia and convoy RA-55A departed Kola Inlet near Murmansk, Russia. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 The British government called up 250,000 new conscripts. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 The Vietnam People's Army was formed, initially as an anti-Japanese resistance force. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 German V-2 rocket hit Chelmsford, Essex, England, United Kingdom, seriously injuring one person. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 Two Ukrainian peasants, Hermann and Emma Kurras, were executed after a trial for hiding thirteen Jews who had escaped from a concentration camp. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 US 83rd Infantry Division became part of the XIX Corps of US Ninth Army while being attached to the British 21st Army Group. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Hoe fired 3 torpedoes at a Japanese tanker at periscope depth; all torpedoes missed. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 M26 Pershing heavy tanks were ordered to be deployed to forward US Army units. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 In Bastogne, Belgium, the German surrender demand is rebuffed by General McAuliffe with the famous response "Nuts!"; meanwhile, the US Third Army shifted its axis of advance in attempt to relieve Bastogne. In Germany, Rundstedt suggested a tactical withdrawal, but the suggestion was refused by Hitler. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 Barbers Point Naval Air Station: Air Group 43 arrived on board. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 Destroyer Shigure disembarked the 147 survivors of Unryu (sank three days prior) at Sasebo, Japan. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Whale attacked a Japanese trawler in the Ryukyu Islands, Japan; all 3 torpedoes missed. 
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22 Dec 1944 WW2 USS Shamrock Bay was assigned to US Navy 7th Fleet. 
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22 Dec 1945 WW2 US and England announced formal recognition of the Tito government in Yugoslavia. 
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22 Dec 1945 WW2 Doneff was decommissioned from service. 
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22 Dec 1948 WW2 He Yingqin was detached from the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China. 
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