Science on the year of 1975 in history

Science

Date	Type	Text
30 Nov 1974 Chacoan Peccary	science	Chacoan Peccary (biology) Living specimens of the Chacoan Peccary (Catagonus wagneri), previously known only from fossils, are identified in Paraguay.
30 Nov 1974 Benoit Mandelbrot	science	Benoit Mandelbrot (mathematics) Benoit Mandelbrot coins the term fractal.
30 Nov 1974 Harada–Norton group	science	Harada–Norton group (mathematics) The Harada–Norton group is discovered.
30 Nov 1974 Monty Hall problem	science	Monty Hall problem (mathematics) The Monty Hall problem in probability is first posed, by Steve Selvin.
30 Nov 1974 Lyme disease	science	Lyme disease (medicine) Lyme disease first recognised at Lyme, Connecticut.
30 Nov 1974 Turing Award	science	Turing Award (awards) Turing Award – Allen Newell, Herbert A. Simon
01 Jan 1975 Altair 8800	science	Altair 8800 (computer science) Altair 8800 is released, sparking the era of the microcomputer.
14 Feb 1975 Julian Huxley	science	death Julian Huxley Sir Julian Huxley (b. 1887), English biologist and author.
05 Mar 1975 Hackers	science	Hackers (computer science) Hackers in Silicon Valley hold the first meeting of the Homebrew Computer Club.
31 Mar 1975 Leslie A. White	science	death Leslie A. White Died 31 Mar 1975 at age 75 (born 19 Jan 1900). Leslie A(lvin) White was an American anthropologist best known for his theories of the evolution of culture and for the scientific study of culture that he called "culturology." Throughout his life, he was interested in general evolution. He strongly supported the ideas of the 19th-century writers Herbert Spencer, Lewis H. Morgan and Edward Tylor. White adopted many of their ideas and gave them a fresh approach. He coined the term "culturology" because he believed that cultures should not be explained in terms of psychology, biology, or physiology, but rather in its own category. He was especially interested by technological advancements pertaining to effects on advancing culture.
04 Apr 1975 Bill Gates	science	Bill Gates (computer science) Bill Gates and Paul Allen form a company at this time called Micro Soft in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to develop and sell BASIC interpreter software for the Altair 8800.
12 Apr 1975 Henry A. Gleason	science	death Henry A. Gleason Died 12 Apr 1975 at age 93 (born 2 Jan 1882). Henry Allan Gleason was an American botanist who was was active with the New York Botanical Garden for 32 years (1918-1950). By age 13, he already was a botany enthusiast. While still in high school, he contributed to The American Naturalist. Early in his career, he travelled to the Philippines, Java and Ceylon to studying tropical vegetation. In 1918, he gave a lecture on his findings, which led to the offer of a permanent position at NYBG, where he developed its South American collection.He was one of the first to consider community ecology. His paper on “The Individualistic Concept of the Plant Association” (1926) concluded that species tended to distribute themselves independently of one another. Eventually, his idea was embraced for the study of vegetation on an ecological and geographical basis. After retirement, he became emeritus head curator.
13 Apr 1975 Max Gluckman	science	death Max Gluckman Died 13 Apr 1975 at age 64 (born 26 Jan 1911). (Herman) Max Gluckman was a South African social anthropologist who pioneered the study of traditional African legal systems. His research stressed social conflict and mechanisms for conflict resolution while studying urbanization and social change in colonial Africa. He did extensive research among the tribes of Central and South Africa (1936-47) including studies of Ila, Tonga and Lamba tribes. Examining feud and conflict, he considered their relation to cultural change in Custom and Conflict in Africa (1955). He was openly anti-colonial and engaged directly with social conflicts and cultural contradictions of colonialism, with racism, urbanization and labor migration.
19 Apr 1975 Aryabhata	science	Aryabhata (astronomy and space ) Aryabhata, India's first satellite, is launched using Soviet boosters.
10 May 1975 Betamax	science	Betamax In 1975, the first home videocassette recorder, the Betamax, began sales in Japan. The format made by Sony used one-hour tapes, but a competing system was introduced by JVC in the next year called VHS (Video Home System) capable of two-hour recording. Both companies shortly introduced models with twice those playing times. The Betamax was more complex, making them more expensive to manufacture, and more costly to maintain. Accordingly, within a few years, VHS had strong marketing with a lower price, and was the clear winner in the marketplace. Sony grimly continued design and production for what sales they could, but in 2001, Sony made fewer than 3,000 VCRs, sold only in Japan. By the end of 2002, Sony ceased all Betamax production. DVDs were the upcoming battleground..
14 May 1975 Ernst Alexanderson	science	death Ernst Alexanderson Ernst Alexanderson (b. 1878), Swedish American television pioneer.
27 Jun 1975 Geoffrey Taylor	science	death Geoffrey Taylor Sir Geoffrey Taylor (b. 1886), English physicist.
04 Jul 1975 Mini–mental state examination	science	Mini–mental state examination (medicine) Mini–mental state examination (MMSE) or Folstein test introduced to screen for dementia or other cognitive dysfunction.
07 Jul 1975 Jacob Aall Bonnevie Bjerknes	science	death Jacob Aall Bonnevie Bjerknes Died 7 Jul 1975 at age 77 (born 2 Nov 1897). Norwegian-American meteorologist.
17 Jul 1975 Apollo-Soyuz	science	Apollo-Soyuz (astronomy and space ) Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.
17 Jul 1975 Terence Tao	science	birth Terence Tao Terence Tao, Australian-born mathematician.
07 Aug 1975 César Milstein	science	César Milstein (biology) César Milstein and Georges Köhler report their discovery of how to use hybridoma cells to isolate monoclonal antibodies, effectively beginning the history of monoclonal antibody use in science.
08 Aug 1975 Wallace Smith Broecker	science	Wallace Smith Broecker (climatology) The term global warming is probably first used in its modern sense by Wallace Smith Broecker.
20 Aug 1975 Viking program	science	Viking program (astronomy and space ) Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars.
01 Nov 1975 Priscilla Fairfield Bok	science	death Priscilla Fairfield Bok Priscilla Fairfield Bok (b. 1896), American astronomer.
14 Nov 1975 Martin Hairer	science	birth Martin Hairer Martin Hairer, Austrian-born mathematician.
28 Dec 1975 Frances McConnell-Mills	science	death Frances McConnell-Mills Frances McConnell-Mills (b. 1900), American toxicologist.

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Science on the year of 1975 in history

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